The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society． Books have become well﹣respected tools for creating a better Hollywood． However， films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers．
The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress． Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five﹣hour film． Thus， every scene must have a purpose． This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story． With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques， it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward． Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity， the goal at the end of each chapter， page， or sentence is simple： keep the story moving． Films not only help writers develop a plot， but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories． Although writing a means of expression， not all things are easy to express in writing， especially facial expressions and emotions． Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting．
Lastly， sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place． Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt． A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting． As writers， whether fiction or independent， our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see． Nonetheless， our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us． As literature continues to enter the film industry， perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature．
（1）Reminded by films， a writer can move the plot forward by ．
| A． | keeping in mind that every word should mean something． |
| B． | providing a description of as many details as possible． |
| C． | paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity． |
| D． | choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought． |
（2）According to the passage， films help writers develop in many aspects except ．
| A． | getting an improved expressiveness |
| B． | focusing on keeping the story moving． |
| C． | complicating their thinking and life． |
| D． | bringing in inspiration for new works． |
（3）The word "prompt" （paragraph 4）probably means ．
| A． | a reason to write． |
| B． | a topic to start from． |
| C． | an excuse to put off working． |
| D． | an element to attract relationship． |
（4）Which of the following statements best represents the author's thoughts in this passage？
| A． | book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry． |
| B． | directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers． |
| C． | writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things． |
| D． | filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves． |
When we say older people shrink, we don't mean they become tiny enough to fit in your pocket! We just mean that it's common for older people to become a little shorter over time. This kind of shrinking can't be reversed, although people can slow or stop this process. But why does shrinking happen at all?
Because of gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) , cushions between the bones in the spine (脊骨), get compressed (压缩), which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter.
Another reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis (骨质疏松). Osteoporosis occurs when bone is broken down and not enough new bone material is made. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured.
Older people—especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with—are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis can get small breaks in bones that are called compression fractures(受压骨折). These breaks cause collapse of the spine and over time the person with osteoporosis can become hunched over (驼背).
Did you know that every day you shrink a little, too? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing tall again!
Smoking and drinking alcohol can make this problem worse. Want to do something right now to build strong bones? I believe what I will say will help you.Which of the following statements is true?
| A．For shrinking, people can do nothing about it. |
| B．If someone is injured, he will become shorter. |
| C．Women have smaller and lighter bones than men. |
| D．We aren't as tall at the end of the day as we are at the beginning. |
What should we do if we don't want to shrink faster?
| A．We should try to reduce gravity. |
| B．We should be careful not to be hurt by others. |
| C．We should sleep as long as possible. |
| D．We should keep away from smoking and drinking alcohol. |
What is the topic of the passage?
| A．How can we stop shrinking? |
| B．Why do we shrink? |
| C．Some tips on how to keep tall. |
| D．How to live a healthy life. |
About osteoporosis, we know that _______.
| A．gravity is one of the causes of osteoporosis |
| B．once our bone is broken down, osteoporosis will occur |
| C．women are more likely to develop osteoporosis |
| D．if we develop osteoporosis, we are more likely to be shorter |
What will the author talk about in the paragraph to be followed?
| A．Tell us how to grow taller. |
| B．Tell us how to become healthier. |
| C．Tell us how to avoid being shrinking. |
| D．Tell us what to do to have strong bones. |
Slang is a popular, less official and often very current form of language. It is an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes. Slang is often playful, direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official and traditional version of language. So now I'm going to lay it on you! To “lay it on” is American slang for “to tell” or “to explain.”
Slang can take many forms. For example, slang can be local to one city or area. In Washington, D.C. there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business in the city. For example, the term POTUS stands for President of the United States. POTUS can often be found with his wife, FLOTUS, the first lady of the United States. “Inside the Beltway” is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington, D.C. The beltway is the large highway that circles the city.
The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer-related slang. An “angry fruit salad” is an expression that describes a website with too many bright colors. “Netiquette” is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet.
Young people often develop the latest slang. For example, to say Special English “rocks” or is “phat” means Special English is really great. A “kegger” is a party where beer is served. If something is “wack”, it is wild and crazy.
Different professions often have their own slang as well. For example, medical workers might refer to a complaining patient as a “gomer”. A "tough stick" is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken.
No matter how well you speak English, there are always new and interesting slang words to discover. There are entire dictionaries for describing slang. Many experts do not even agree on what is and what is not slang. Often slang words later become a part of officially accepted language. Official or not, slang is an energetic and exciting part of the American language that continues to change.Which of the following is NOT true for slang compared with the official language?
| A．Playful | B．Direct |
| C．Less respectful | D．More official |
It can be inferred from the passage that______.
| A．if you speak English very well, there is no problem for you to understand English speakers |
| B．slang words are created by people in their daily life |
| C．English speakers are clear whether it is a slang |
| D．slang words will never be accepted as official language |
Which of the following is not mentioned to have helped create slang?
| A．The internet. | B．Young people. |
| C．President of the United States. | D．Professions |
Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
| A．What is slang? | B．Slang is popular. |
| C．Who creates slang? | D．Slang is a language. |
A cancer-stricken British teenage girl said Thursday she had been moved by messages of support from around the world after writing an online "Bucket List" of things she wanted to do before dying.
Alice Pyne, l5, created an Internet blog in which she described her fight against a cancer of the white blood cells. “I’ve been fighting cancer for almost four years and now l know that the cancer is gaining on me and it doesn't look like I'm going to win this one," she wrote.
For her list, the teenager took inspiration from the 2007 film "The Bucket List", in which two terminally ill (患绝症的) men, played by Morgan Freeman and Jack Nicholson, draw up a list of things they wish to do before they die.
On her list, at the site www. alicepyne. blogspot. com, she has included making everyone sign up to be a bone marrow donor (骨髓捐赠者), swimming with sharks, meeting boy band Take That and getting a purple iPad computer.
Messages of support and offers of help quickly flooded her webpage and it became one of the most talked about subjects on Twitter.
“Oh dear, and I thought that I was just doing a little blog for a few friends!" she wrote after her site attracted huge attention. " Thank you so much for all your lovely messages to me."
Pyne, who lives with her family in the northwest English town of Ulverston, revealed (透露) that Take That had arranged for her to see the band after reading her blog. A group of local lawmakers have also joined forces with the Anthony Nolan blood cancer charity to encourage people to join its stem cell register.What happened after Alice Pyne wrote her "Bucket List"?
| A．The media called on people to help her. |
| B．People sent gifts to her from all over the world. |
| C．A lot of people offered to donate bone marrow to her. |
| D．People around the world sent messages to support her. |
Alice Pyne wrote her "Bucket List" to ____________________.
| A．express her last few wishes |
| B．say goodbye to a few friends |
| C．give comfort to two terminally ill men |
| D．catch people's attention |
It can be inferred from the second paragraph that Alice Pyne ______________________.
| A．is unaware of her own conditions |
| B．is calm to know that death is approaching |
| C．is very sad to know that she will die |
| D．is still quite confident in fighting against cancer |
Which of the following is NOT on Alice Pyne's "Bucket List"?
| A．To meet a boy. |
| B．To get a cool computer. |
| C．To swim with sharks. |
| D．To ask people to donate bone marrow. |
Take That will arrange to _______________________.
| A．invite Pyne to join the band |
| B．help Pyne in any possible way |
| C．donate money to Pyne |
| D．meet Pyne in person |
Treasure hunts （寻宝）have excited people’s imagination for hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island .Kit Williams ,a modern writer ,had the idea of combining the real excitement of a treasure hunt with clues （线索）found in a book when he wrote a children’s story Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare ,and a month before it came out, Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire .The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare ,but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings ”,or false clues ,to mislead them.
Ken Roberts ,the man who found the hare ,had been looking for it for nearly two years .Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time ,he found it by logic （逻辑）,not by luck .His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start .He had realized that the words :“One of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon ,the first of Henry VIII’s six wives. Even here ,however ,Williams had succeeded in misleading him .Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there .He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill ,in Befordshire and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well ,but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon ,until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kit Williams to find out if he was wasting his time there .Williams encouraged him to continue ,and on February 24th 1982 ,he found the treasure. It was worth £ 3000 in the beginning ,but the excitement it had caused since its burial made it much more valuable .The underlined word “them”（paragraph1）refers to .
| A．red herrings | B．treasure hunts |
| C．Henry VIII’s six wives | D．readers of Masquerade |
What is the most important clue in the story to help Ken Roberts find the hare ?
| A．Two stone crosses in Ampthill |
| B．Stevenson’s Treasure Island |
| C．Katherine of Aragon |
| D．Williams’ hometown |
The stone crosses in Ampthill were built .
| A．to tell about what happened in 1773 |
| B．to show respect for Henry VIII’s first wife |
| C．to serve as a road sign in Ampthill Park |
| D．to inform people where the gold hare was |
Which of the following describes Roberts’ logic in searching for the hare ?
a.Henry VIII’s six wives
b.Katherine’s burial place at Kimbolton
c.Williams’ childhood in Ampthill
d.Katherine of Aragon
e.stone crosses in Ampthill Park
| A．a—b—c—e—d | B．d—b—c—e—a |
| C．a—d—b—c—e | D．b—a—e—c—d |
What is the subject discussed in the text ?
| A．An exciting historical event |
| B．A modern treasure hunt |
| C．The attraction of Masquerade |
| D．The importance of logical thinking |
During a recent phone interview with a mom who had just moved to Colorado, the conversation turned to disaster planning.” I am standing here looking out of the window at the smoke from wildfires,” she told me, “and have absolutely no idea what we will do if the wind shifts our way.” Fortunately, the fire was put out, saving her home.
Making a disaster plan isn’t something anyone does for fun. But being caught without one in a time of need is worse. Emergency management officials say too few families have a disaster plan ,even in areas that have been hit hard by hurricanes or flooding.
I have prepared food, water, flashlights, candles, a battery-powered radio and firewood since our family was hit years ago by a hurricane that blocked off streets and knocked out our power for more than a week. Still we lack the medications, emergency contacts, and emergency-meeting and pet-care plans we should also have .Officials in my state of Oregon have warned us that one of us is really ready for the major disaster which is very likely to hit here---- a big earthquake.
Working parents need to coordinate(协调)their disaster plans with their children’s schools or child-care centers. Many parents in the 2003 New York blackout（断电）weren’t able to get home to their children because public traffic was stopped and lights were out. After that, many parents made detailed plans with child-care providers about where to meet in emergencies, an whom to contact if unable to reach each other.
Good emergency planning and training helped teachers at a child-care center in the World Trade Center successfully move children to a safe place during the 2001 terrorist attacks.
Do you have an emergency plan for your home? If not, you know what to do.According to the first paragraph , the mom_____.
| A．lived alone in her home. |
| B．didn’t have a disaster plan |
| C．never thought her house would catch fire |
| D．was not frightened in front of the wildfires |
What can we infer from what emergency management officials said in Paragraph2?
| A．Few people have fully realized the importance of making disaster plans. |
| B．The state of Oregon has been ready for a possible earthquake. |
| C．Hurricanes and flooding cause people to make disaster plans. |
| D．Many people consider making a disaster plan is fun. |
Which of the following things has the writer NOT prepared for disasters?
| A．food | B．Candles |
| C．A radio | D．Medicine |
We can infer that the 2003 New York blackout _____.
| A．was not serious enough to attract parents’ attention |
| B．showed how careful the teachers had always been |
| C．made parents realize the importance of having a disaster plan |
| D．helped parents know the importance of teachers to their children |
The fifth paragraph is mainly written to tell us that_____.
| A．some people have disaster plans |
| B．children may be in danger any time |
| C．a good disaster plan can be helpful |
| D．child-care centers are not that safe |