ㅤIf you want to tell the history of the whole world，a history that does not privilege one part or humanity，you cannot do it through texts alone，because only some of the world has ever had texts，while most of the world，for most of the time，has not.Writing is one of humanity's later achievements，and until fairly recently even many literate（有文字的）societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
ㅤIdeally a history would bring together texts and objects，and some chapters of this book are able to do just that，but in many cases we simply can't.The clearest example of this between literate and non﹣literate history is perhaps the first conflict ，at Botany Bay，between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From the English side，we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day.From the Australian side，we have only a wooden shield（盾） dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day，the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
ㅤIn addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino，the Australian Aboriginals，the African people of Benin and the Incas，all of whom appear in this book，can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made：a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact（联系）between literate and non﹣literate societies such as these，all our first﹣hand accounts are necessarily twisted，only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation，we have to read not just the texts，but the objects.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
How past events should be presented. |
| B． |
What humanity is concerned about. |
| C． |
Whether facts speak louder than words. |
| D． |
Why written language is reliable. |
（2）What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
His report was scientific. |
| B． |
He presented the local people. |
| C． |
He ruled over Botany Bay. |
| D． |
His record was one﹣sided. |
（3）What does the underlined word"conversation"in paragraph 3 refer to？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
Problem. |
| B． |
History. |
| C． |
Voice. |
| D． |
Society. |
（4）Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from？ ＿＿＿＿＿
| A． |
How Maps Tell Stories of the World |
| B． |
A Short History of Australia |
| C． |
A History of the World in 100 objects |
| D． |
How Art Works Tell Stories |
The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer(征服) himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.
A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?
| A．The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself. |
| B．One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself. |
| C．To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life. |
| D．If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful. |
If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.
| A．the very backbone and nerve of character |
| B．the patience and power to control himself |
| C．strong feelings |
| D．self-confidence |
The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.
| A．explain that self-control is the key to success |
| B．teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success |
| C．distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it |
| D．advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends |
The passage is mainly developed by _____.
| A．analyzing(分析)causes | B．making comparisons(比较) |
| C．examining differences | D．listing quotations(引证) |
Driver Wanted
Clean driving license(执照).
Must be of smart appearance.
Age over 25.
Apply to(申请): Capes Taxi, 17 Palace Road, Royston.
Air Hostesses for International Flights Wanted
Applicants(申请者) must be between 20 and 33 years old.
Height: 1.6 m to 1.75 m.
Education to GCSE standard.
Two languages. Must be able to swim.
Apply to: Recruitment(招聘) office, Southern Airlines, Heathrow Airport West. HR 37 KK.
Teachers Needed
For private language school.
Having college education.
Teaching experience unnecessary.
Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Languages Ltd. 279 Canal Street, Royston. What prevents Jack, an experienced taxi driver, working for Capes Taxi?
| A．Fond of beer and wine. |
| B．Punished for speeding and wrong parking. |
| C．Unable to speak a foreign language. |
| D．Not having college education. |
Ben, aged 22, fond of swimming and driving, has just graduated from a college.
Which job might be given to him?
| A．Driving for Capes Taxi. |
| B．Working for Southern Airlines. |
| C．Teaching at Instant Languages Ltd. |
| D．None of the three. |
What prevents Mary, aged 25, becoming an air hostess?
| A．She once broke a traffic law and was fined |
| B．She can’t speak Japanese very well. |
| C．She has never worked as an air hostess before. |
| D．She doesn’t feel like working long hours flying abroad. |
Which of the following is not mentioned in the three advertisements?
| A．Marriage. | B．Male or female. |
| C．Education. | D．Working experience. |
King’s College Summer School
King’s College Summer School is an annual(每年的) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15.
More information is as follows:
| Application (申请) date ●Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2009. ●Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2009. ●Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2009. |
Courses ●English Language Spoken English: 22 hours Reading and Writing: 10 hours ●American History: 16 hours ●American Culture: 16 hours |
| Steps ●A letter of self-introduction ●A letter of recommendation(推荐) ﹡ The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information. |
Cost ●Daily lessons: $200 ●Sports and activities: $100 ●Travels: $200 ●Hotel service: $400 ﹡You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city. |
| Please write to: Thompson, Sanders 1026 King’ s Street New York, NY 10016, USA E-mail: KC-Summer-School@ yahoo, com |
You can most probably read the text in ________.
| A．a newspaper | B．a travel guide | C．a textbook | D．a telephone book |
Which of the following is true about King’ s College Summer School?
| A．Only top students can take part in the program. |
| B．King’ s College Summer School is run every other year. |
| C．Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program. |
| D．Only the teachers of King’ s College give courses. |
If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school _______.
| A．$200 | B．$400 | C．$500 | D．$900 |
What information can you get from the text?
| A．The program will last two months. |
| B．You can write to Thompson only in English. |
| C．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2009. |
| D．You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone. |
Can trees talk? Yes, but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate (交际) with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal (信号) causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication, of course, doesn’t need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar (花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending message? It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ______.
| A．are lying on the ground | B．have an unpleasant taste |
| C．bees don’t like | D．have an unfamiliar shape |
According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ______.
| A．waving its branches | B．giving off a special smell |
| C．dropping its leaves | D．changing the colour of its trunk |
According to this passage, bees communicate by ______.
| A．making special movement | B．touching one another |
| C．smelling one another | D．making unusual sound |
Bears and humans often meet in National Parks. Although campers and hikers are warned not to feed the bears, many people ignore these warnings and feed the beasts anyway. When bears are used to people’s food, problems soon arise.
Bears like to eat a large variety of things, both meat and vegetable. Without human assistance, bears live nicely on roots, twigs, leaves of trees, insects and small animals. With people around, the bears’ tastes quickly expand to include sandwiches, hot dogs, hamburgers, and anything else they can temp humans into giving up.
Bears often develop clever strategies for getting people to let go their food supplies. More often than not, an unsuspecting hiker has taken off his or her pack for a rest only to have a bear charge out of the woods, grab the pack and quickly disappear into the underbrush with it. Hanging the pack on a tree branch won’t help. Bears have been known to climb up, jump off, and catch the pack on the way down. One mother bear stretched up with her baby on her shoulders to reach a pack stored on a pole. Many bears threaten people into giving up their supplies. Although a bear is unlikely to attack a person and would probably run away if screamed at, few people are willing to do so. Most people drop the pack and run the other way. This, of course, delights the bear. In some places, the Park Service installed some metal barrels with lids to help campers keep their supplies safe from bears. Although the bears were unable to open these containers, the effort was less than successful. Most campers, unable to tell the metal drums from rubbish cans, never used them for the intended purpose.Feeding bears on people’s food .
| A．brings the people a lot of fun | B．can cause problems |
| C．often causes injuries and deaths | D．helps bears survive |
If people had never fed bears, the bears .
| A．might be satisfied with what they had originally |
| B．would have starved long before |
| C．wouldn’t have enough food supply |
| D．would have hunted for other kind of food |
Which of the following is TRUE?
| A．If fed on sandwiches and hot dogs, the bears would no longer eat roots, twigs and insects . |
| B．It’s likely that bears would hurt people if the people didn’t give up their food. |
| C．Most people would frighten away the bears that would temp their food. |
| D．Seeing a pack, the bear would quickly snatch it and run away with it. |
Bear-proof containers didn’t work because .
| A．bears were clever enough to get the food in them |
| B．they were left open in the open air |
| C．people were not sure of their use |
| D．they were once used as rubbish cans |