Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick and light golden in color, the Lay's potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global control. But its maker, Frito-Lay doesn't think so. "Potato chips are a snack food for the world , "said Salman Amin, the company's head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the attractions of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America owned by Pepsico and accounts for over half of the parent company's $ 3 billion profits every year. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated(饱和),and to grow, the company has to look overseas.
Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale(规模) with which local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to "global" as a concept. "Global" does not mean products that are consciously regarded as American, but ones that consumers--especially young people--see as part of a modern, innovative(创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for example, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company's research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.
With brand concept a key factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识). The logo, along with the company's long-held marketing image of its chips, would help make the company's global development very easy.
The managers admit that they try to change national eating habits to a food created in America, but they don't think that means economic imperialism (霸主). "We're making products in those countries, we're adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives , "said Steve Reinemund, Pepsico's chief manager.Amin's belief is that _________.
| A．people all over the world enjoy eating their potato chips |
| B．the light golden color increases the attraction of their potato chips |
| C．they must find new ways to promote sales in their country |
| D．potato chips can hardly control the world market |
What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?
| A．It gives half of its profits to its parent company every year. |
| B．It needs to turn to the world market for development. |
| C．Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers. |
| D．Its development has caused fierce competition in the snack market. |
One of the concepts on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that __________.
| A．consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands |
| B．products suiting Chinese consumers' needs bring more profits |
| C．local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands |
| D．products identified as American will have promising market value |
Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?
| A．To suit changing tastes of young consumers. |
| B．To compete with other American chip producers. |
| C．To change the company's long-held marketing image. |
| D．To promote the company's strategy of globalization. |
For several days I saw little of Mr. Rochester. In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighborhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him. When his foot was well enough, he rode out a great deal.
During this time, all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house, when he would sometimes pass me coldly, and sometimes bow and smile. His changes of manner did not offend me, because I saw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them.
One evening, several days later, I was invited to talk to Mr. Rochester after dinner. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned, and asked me, “Do you think I’m handsome, Miss Eyre?”
The answer somehow slipped from my tongue before I realized it: “No, sir.”
“Ah, you really are unusual! You are a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude.”
“Sir, I’m sorry. I should have said that beauty doesn’t matter, or something like that.”
“No, you shouldn’t! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in the back! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. But perhaps I go too fast. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance your few good points.”
I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly, “Yes, you’re right. I have plenty of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been very different. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasn’t my character, but circumstances which were to blame. Why do I tell you all this? Because you’re the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because you’re sympathetic and give them hope.”
“Don’t be afraid of me, Miss Eyre.” He continued. “You don’t relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Logwood school has had on you. But in time you will be more natural with me, and laugh, and speak freely. You’re like a bird in cage. When you get out of the cage, you’ll fly very high. Good night.”At the beginning Miss Eyre’s impressions of Mr. Rochester were all except _______.
| A．friendly | B．sociable | C．busy | D．changeable |
Why did Mr. Rochester say “…and then you stab me in the back!” (the seventh paragraph)?
| A．Because Jane had intended to kill him with a knife. |
| B．Because Jane had intended to be more critical. |
| C．Because Jane had regretted having talked to him. |
| D．Because Jane had said something else to correct herself. |
From what Mr. Rochester told Miss Eyre, we can conclude that he wanted to _______.
| A．tell her all his troubles | B．tell her his life experience |
| C．change her opinion of him | D．change his circumstances |
At the end of the passage, Mr. Rochester sounded _______.
| A．rude | B．cold | C．friendly | D．encouraging |
Violin prodigies（神童）, I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists, the reason for this phenomenon. “It’s very clear, “he told me. “They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stern, “children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well.” The Koreans and Chinese, as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.
That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because ______.
| A．it would allow them access to a better life in the West |
| B．Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent |
| C．they wanted their children to enter into the professional fields |
| D．it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country |
Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______.
| A．enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence |
| B．treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development |
| C．encourage people to compete with each other |
| D．promise talented children high positions |
Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______.
| A．all-rounded development | B．the learning of Western music |
| C．strict training of children | D．variety in academic studies |
Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?
| A．A natural gift. | B．Extensive knowledge of music. |
| C．Very early training. | D．A prejudice-free society. |
Women are now as likely to use the Internet as men—about two-thirds of both genders, yet a new study shows that gaps remain in what each sex does online.
American men who go online are more likely than women to check the weather, the news, sports, political and financial information, the Pew Internet and American Life Project reported Wednesday. They are also more likely to use the Internet to download music and software and to take a class.
Online women, meanwhile, are bigger users of e-mail, and they are also more likely to go online for religious information and support for health or personal problems.
“For men, it’s just, ‘give me the facts,’” said Deborah Fallows, who wrote the report based on six years of Pew surveys, “For women, its ‘Let’s talk about this. Are you worried about this problem?’ It’s keeping in touch and connecting with people in a richer way.”
About two- thirds of the 6,403 adults surveyed by Pew during 2005 said they use the Internet. By gender, it was 68%of the male respondents, and 66%of the female participants---a statistically insignificant(不重要的)difference given the study’s margin of sampling error of plus or minus 2%points. In 2002, by contrast, the gap was slightly larger: 61%vs. 57%.
The surveys find that for many activities, such as getting travel information or looking up a phone number, men and women are equally likely to use the Internet. According to the passage, which of the following is not what American men who go online do?
| A．Checking the weather and the news. | B．Searching for religious information. |
| C．Downloading some music. | D．Taking a class. |
What is the probable meaning of the sentence “gaps remain in what each sex does online”?
| A．There are some difference between men and women in the US. |
| B．There is a slight difference between the numbers of men and women online in the US. |
| C．Men and women in the US have difference tastes about what they do online. |
| D．Men and women in the US have difference way of surfing the Internet. |
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
| A．A small part of women in the US go on line today. |
| B．Women in the US going on line are only concerned with personal problems. |
| C．Men are still more likely to use the Internet than women. |
| D．The gap between both sexes going online in 2002 was slightly larger than that in 2005. |
What’s the author’s purpose of writing the article?
| A．To tell us the different aims of men and women in the US who go online. |
| B．To show why men and women are equally likely to use the Internet. |
| C．To teach us how to surf the Internet. |
| D．To offer us some information of both sexes’ going online in the US. |
I remember growing up, my mom always said, “Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others.” It is so true. Friends and mates allow us to enjoy our success and our joys, comfort us in our challenging moments, and provide a mirror for us to learn more about ourselves. I’ve always looked at friends as the family we choose. They enrich our lives. As Robert Louis Steven once said, “A friend is a present which you give yourself.”
To be a good friend or partner, it’s importable be a good listener. Hear what your friend or mate has to say first rather than jumping to conclusions or getting defensive. Sometimes it is useful to be their mirror, for when they hear their words repeated back to them; it can help them to realize that what they said was not exactly what they meant to say.
Patience, compassion and empathy are also important traits in being a good friend or partner. You know the old golden rule, “Care for others the way you would like them to care for you.” The support of a friend during a tough time could make the difference between success and failure. Encouragement and confidence are priceless gifts that can help change a person’s life.
Take care, though, with whom you choose to have close relationship, for they can have a tremendous impact on your self-esteem and life path. As someone once told me, “the attitude of your friends is like the buttons on an elevator. They will either take you up or down.”In order to make good friends, you should do the following except ______.
| A．Be a good listener | B．Be patient, compassionate |
| C．Be careful | D．Be generous to your friends |
What will you do to your friends according to the passage?
| A．Buy your friend a mirror. | B．Point out their mistakes if there is any |
| C．Give them encouragement and confidence. | D．Pay attention what they do |
What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean?
| A．It is different whether you have friends or not. |
| B．The support of friends counts when you have difficulties. |
| C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| D．You are certain to succeed if you get the support of friends. |
Which of the following statements is not right according to the passage?
| A．It is good to share your fun with other. |
| B．The friend is a mirror for us to learn more about others. |
| C．You’d better be a good listener if you want to be a good friend. |
| D．Be careful to choose your friend. |
The University of Wales, Bangor has been rated the top university in the UK for the help and support provided for students by the Times Higher Education Supplement.We want to make sure all our students are happy and that they enjoy their time here in Bangor. We realize that you may need some support during your time here to solve some personal problems or difficulties.
Our Student Services Centre and the Students’ Union can offer the following:
● An advice service that is free and confidential.
● You’ll have a personal teacher in your department.
● A Peer Guide will welcome you to Bangor during your first week and answer any question you might have.
● Student Services and Security are on call during the day and there is a warden (管理人) on call at evenings and weekends at all our halls of residence.
● Personal support and advice on a variety of problems through the Students’ Union Welfare Advice Centre.
● Nightline, a confidential support service run during the night by students for students.
● A team of staff volunteers are available to deal with any serious incident which happens outside normal university hours.
● Health care in daily surgeries where you don’t need an appointment. You will need to register with a local General Practitioner (全科医师). We also have a nurse who can make visits to your place when necessary.
● An adviser for international students.
● A room where local postgraduate students who live at home and travel to the university each day, can spend their free time.
The university welcomes applications from disabled students and aims to provide equal opportunities for all. For more information please see our Student Services pages.The passage is mainly about _______ at the University of Wales, Bangor.
| A．health service and welfare | B．education and training |
| C．the student service organizations | D．the daily life of students |
The University of Wales, Bangor is well-known for _______.
| A．the care and support offered to students |
| B．its super teachers and star students |
| C．its attention to disabled students |
| D．teaching quality and achievements |
The following are all services offered by the Student Services Centre and the Students’ Union EXCEPT that _____.
| A．a personal tutor can help you in your department |
| B．Student Services and Security works around the clock |
| C．you can ask for personal support and advice on a variety of problems |
| D．a free career center can help you find a job |
The author’s main purpose of writing the passage is to ________.
| A．show that the university treats all students equally |
| B．inform students with disabilities about the university |
| C．attract more students to the university to study |
| D．introduce student organizations of the university |