C
In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, effective(高效的), and do not make mistakes.As one banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.” And they are honest.
Many banks advertise that their work is “untouched by human hands” and therefore safe from human attack. Computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no sense, and the growing number of computer crimes (犯罪) shows they can be used to steal.
Computer criminals don’t use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witness (证人) and often no proof (证据). A computer cannot remember who used it and simply does what it is told. The head teller(出纳) at a New York City bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this because he moved the money from someone else’s account (帐目).This man was caught only because he was a gambler (赌徒). When the police broke up a gambling group, his name was in the records.
Some workers use the computer’s power to get revenge(报复)on bosses they consider unfair. Recently, a large company fired its computer assistant (助手) for reasons that were connected with her personal rather than her professional(职业的)life. She was given thirty days’ notice. In those thirty days, she got rid of all the company’s computerized records.
Most computer criminals have been workers in low position. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg(冰山)”. As one of the officials says, “I have a feeling that there are more crimes out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing — the ones who really know how a computer works.”
69. Which character of computers makes computer crimes possible﹖
A. Computers are fast, effective and exactly correct.
B. Computers always feel good.
C. Computers have no sense.
D. Computers are honest.
70. It is hard to catch computer criminals because_________.
A. computers forget who used them
B. computer criminals seldom bear witness or leave proof
C. computer criminals don’t use guns
D. computers simply do what they are told
71. A certain head teller(出纳) at a New York bank was caught when _________.
A. his name was found in gambling records
B. he was replacing the missing money from someone else’s account
C. a customer (顾客) questioned the balance in his account
D. a customer asked the police for help
72. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Computers can be used to steal.
B. Sometimes, computers can be used to punish somebody.
C. We need someone who knows computer very well.
D. Computers can do the things it is told.
Experts have put forward detailed plans for a tunnel to join Taiwan with the Chinese mainland.
The shortest proposed route would be 126 kilometers—more than twice the length of the English Channel Tunnel.And the longest proposed route would be 207 kilometers.
A recent conference in Xiamen,Fujian Province brought together more than 70 experts.The event was co-sponsored(共同发起) by universities from Taiwan and the Chinese mainland.
Fujian is the province where both proposed routes would begin.
There is no direct passenger access between the mainland and Taiwan by air or sea at the moment.
Experts say that it is better to start research sooner rather than later,although there is a lack of government funding.There are no technical problems to build a Taiwan tunnel.But it will require an improved political relationship across the Straits(海峡).
A professor of Tsinghua University said,“A special feature of huge projects is that the period of preparation is longer than the period of construction.”
For example,he said,the English Channel Tunnel took 14 years of planning and had been discussed for two centuries.And preparations for the huge Three Gorges(三峡) dam on the Yangtze River began in the 1950s.
The Xiamen conference focused on the longest southern route,which would use the Taiwan-controlled islands of Jinmen and Penghu as stepping stones.
The first stage of the new project could be a bridge to cross the five kilometres between Xiamen and Jinmen.This would mean that travelling from Xiamen to Jinmen by car would only take five minutes.
The longest tunnel now being planned anywhere in the world is the 54-kilometre land tunnel to link Lyon in France with Turin in Italy.The tunnel will not be completed until 2015-2020.Which is the longest tunnel in the world at present?
| A.The English Channel Tunnel. |
| B.The tunnel between Lyon and Turin. |
| C.The Taiwan Straits tunnel. |
| D.The passage doesn’t mention it. |
The example of the English Channel Tunnel shows
.
| A.it’s not easy to complete a huge project |
| B.there are many problems to be solved before doing something |
| C.discussions among countries usually take a lot of time |
| D.the preparation takes longer time than the construction |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A.Universities both at home and abroad have sponsored the plan. |
| B.If the project is completed,the world’s longest tunnel will appear. |
| C.You can’t reach Taiwan from the mainland directly at present. |
| D.The starting point of the proposed tunnel is in Fujian. |
What is the possible difficulty in carrying out the plan?
| A.The lack of money for the project from the government. |
| B.Improving the relationship between Taiwan and the mainland. |
| C.The detailed plans for the tunnel. |
| D.The technical problems with the tunnel. |
A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species.
The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant,African forest elephant,and African savanna elephant.
Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石),mammoths and mastodons,the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants.They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths.This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species,but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously,many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species,despite the elephants’ significant size differences.The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres.The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons,roughly double the weight of the forest elephant.But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species.However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca,assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois,said,“We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes.Since 1950,all African elephants have been conserved as one species.Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals,the forest elephant should become a bigger priority(优先) for conservation purposes.”One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of .
| A.the Asian elephant |
| B.the forest elephant |
| C.the savanna elephant |
| D.the mastodon elephant |
The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.
| A.evolution |
| B.exhibition |
| C.separation |
| D.examination |
The researchers’ conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s .
| A.DNA |
| B.height |
| C.weight |
| D.population |
What are Alfred Roca’s words mainly about?
| A.The conservation of African elephants. |
| B.The purpose of studying African elephants. |
| C.The way to divide African elephants into two units. |
| D.The reason for the distinction of African elephants. |
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
| A.Naturalists’ Beliefs about Elephants |
| B.Amazing Experiments about Elephants |
| C.An Unexpected Finding about Elephants |
| D.A Long Scientific Debate about Elephants |
Vincent Van Gogh,for whom color was the main symbol of expression,was born in Groot-Zundert,Holland in 1853.He was brought up in a cultured family. Vincent was highly emotional and wasn’t self-confident. Between 1860 and 1880,when he finally decided to become an artist,Van Gogh had two unhappy love stories and worked unsuccessfully in Belgium. He remained there to study art,and decided to give happiness by creating beauty. Of the works of his early Dutch period,the most famous is “The Potato Eaters”.
In 1886 he went to Paris to join his brother Théo ,the manager of Goupil’s gallery. In Paris,Van Gogh studied with Cormon ,later met Pissarro,Monet,and Gauguin,and began to lighten his very dark palette(调色板).His nervousness made him a difficult person to get along with and night-long discussions and painting all day undermined his health. He decided to go south to Arles where he hoped his friends would join him and help set up a school of art. Gauguin did join him but with bad results. Near the end of 1888,Van Gogh ran after Gauguin with an open razor(剃须刀),was stopped by him,but ended up cutting a part of his own ear off. It led Gauguin to finally leave Arles.
In the May of 1890,Van Gogh seemed much better and went to live in Auvers-sur-Oise under the eye Dr Gachet. Two months later he was dead,having shot himself “for the good of all”. During his life he had sold one painting. Van Gogh’s finest works were produced in less than three years. Vincent Van Gogh expressed himself in his works mainly _______.
| A.by shape |
| B.by color |
| C.with brush lines |
| D.with words |
Before Vincent Van Gogh started to learn art_______.
| A.he did a good job |
| B.he was popular with the other artists |
| C.he lived a frustrating life |
| D.he had no interest in art |
The underlined word “undermined” in the second paragraph could be replaced by “_______”.
| A.affected |
| B.protected |
| C.tested |
| D.changed |
Why didn’t Gauguin want to work with Van Gogh any longer?
| A.Gauguin hated to be a teacher. |
| B.Van Gogh didn’t like him at all. |
| C.Gauguin cut off a part of Van Gogh’s ear. |
| D.Something was wrong with Van Gogh’s mind. |
Which of the following about Van Gogh is TRUE?
| A.He was a confident boy when he was young. |
| B.He was born in Belgium and once worked in Holland. |
| C.He lost a part of his ear at the age of 35. |
| D.He had never sold any paintings during his life. |
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| A.A piece of exercise equipment |
| B.A club membership card |
| C.A commercial health club |
| D.An electric wheelchair |
How many people bought ROM after trying it out?
| A.92% |
| B.88% |
| C.97% |
| D.90% |
One setting point of ROM is that ____
| A.it makes full body exercise possible in 4 minutes |
| B.it can kill back and shoulder pains in 10 minutes |
| C.it needs no repair in the first 20years |
| D.it is sold on a 3-month trial basis |
The advertisement is made believable by ___
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| B.using figures |
| C.making comparisons |
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The Book Of Life
So far, scientists have named about 1. 8 million living species(物种), and that’s just a small number of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animal, and other living things covering the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of bird just flew by.
A soon-to-be-started Web site might help. An international term of researchers has announced the creation of Web-based Encyclopedia(百科全书) of Life (EoL). The project aims to list every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases(数据库)that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, non-scientists with specialized knowledge will come to help. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input what birds they’ve seen and where. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it.
As the EoL develops, you might find it useful for school. Projects, The site will feature(以……为特色) special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems in their neighborhoods. Another convenient feature of the EoL is that you’ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interests, age, and knowledge.
It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describes and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new fool will speed up that process.The Web based EoL aims to ___
| A.fine out what covers the earth |
| B.list all living things on Earth |
| C.work out the number of birds |
| D.save the existing plants |
One characteristic of the EoL is that ____
| A.it is run by school students |
| B.it focuses on different types of grass |
| C.it provides different levels of information |
| D.it allows non-scientists to review its data |
In the last paragraph,” that process”means ___
| A.analyzing species |
| B.creating a new tool |
| C.collecting data |
| D.describing species |