C
Disposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential neighborhoods. Long distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent. Awareness (意识) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people cannot longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become common place, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.
64. The most suitable title for this passage would be_______.
A. Places for Disposing Waste B. Waste Pollution Dangers
C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste D. Waste Disposal Problem
65. During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways except for_______.
A. burying it B. recycling it C. burning it D. throwing it into rivers
66. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?
A. Farm areas will continue accepting waste from the city in modern society.
B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.
C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
D. Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.
67. The main purpose of writing this article is to_______.
A. draw people's attention to waste management
B. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing
C. call on people to take part in recycling programs
D. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste
Metro Pocket Guide
Metrorail (地铁)
Each passenger needs a fare card to enter and go out .Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer .
Fare card machines are in every station .Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and fare card machines only provide up to $5 in change. Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass .Buy it from a fare card machine in Metro stations .Use it after 9:30 am. until closing on weekdays , and all day on weekends and holidays .
Hours of service
Open: 5a.m Mon-Fri 7a.m Sat-Sun
Close: midnight Sun- Thur. 3 am Fri.—Sat. nights
Last train times vary .
Train times Posted in stations
Metrobus
When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35.When paying with a Smart TripⓇcard , the fare is 1.25.
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare .On Metrorail and Metrobus , use a senior/disabled fare card or Smart Trip Ⓡcard .For more information about buying senior/disabled fare card , Smart TripⓇcards and passes , please visit Metro Opens Doors .com or call 202-637-7000and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorall services by calling 202-962-1100.
Travel tips
. Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4and 6p.m.
. If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday ?
| A．At midnight . | B．At 3 a.m. |
| C．At 5 a.m. | D．At 7a.m. |
What is good about a Smart TripⓇcard ?
A. It is convenient for old people .
B. It saves money for its user
C It can be bought at any train
D. It is sold on the InternetWhich number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?
| A． 202-962-1195 | B． 202-962-1100 |
| C． 202-637-7000 | D． 202-637-8000 |
Today, several of the world's nearly 7,000 languages face a serious risk of extinction. "For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with only 10 native speakers left," said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the University of Cambridge in England.
The scientists found that 25 percent of the world's languages are threatened. After identifying where the endangered languages were, they looked for any environmental and social or economic factors those languages might have in common, such as rugged terrain or rapid population growth. "We found that at the global scale, language speaker declines are strongly linked to economic growth-that is, declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions," Amano said.
One important implication of this new study "is that languages in the tropics and Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly threatened in the near future, because these regions still have many local indigenous languages (土语) with a small number of speakers, and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth," Amano said.
Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more dominant language as offering economic opportunities, and thus forego their own languages. There are other important factors that might endanger languages, the researchers said. For instance, policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be very different among countries and even within each country, and these factors may explain more detailed patterns in language endangerment.
Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future threats to linguistic diversity. "There exists detailed information on projected future changes in the environment, economies and climates," Amano said. "Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happen to the world's languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular."The language of Ainu is mentioned in Paragraph l in order to tell us that _______________.
| A．Japanese is new seriously threatened |
| B．few people speak Japanese in the world |
| C．Japanese is made up of many languages |
| D．it is most likely to disappear in the future |
What may endanger the languages most according to Amano?
| A．The diversity of society. |
| B．The decline of the population. |
| C．The development of economy |
| D．The improvement of the environment. |
The writer shows us the reasons that languages are endangered by ___________________.
| A．offering some examples |
| B．performing some experiments . |
| C．telling some interesting stories |
| D．making a list of important facts . |
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______________.
| A．the study is very important to languages |
| B．world's languages are developing rapidly |
| C．it is rather hard for us to protect languages |
| D．future threats to languages can be predicted |
Freda Bright says, “Only in opera do people die of love.” It’s true. You really can’t love somebody to death. I’ve known people to die from no love, but I’ve never known anyone to be loved to death. We just can’t love one another enough.
A hear-warming story tells of a woman who finally decided to ask her boss for a raise in salary. All day she felt nervous and late in the afternoon she summoned the courage to approach her employer. To her delight, the boss agreed to the raise.
The woman arrived home that evening to a beautiful table set with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home early and prepared a festival meal. She wondered if someone from the office had tipped him off, or --- did he just somehow know that she would not get turned down?
She found him in the kitchen and told him the good news. They embraced and kissed, then sat down to the wonderful meal. Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It read: “Congratulations, darling! I knew you’d get the raise! These things will tell you how much I love you.”
Someone has said that the measure of love for his wife is love without measure. What this man feels for his wife is total acceptance and love, whether she succeeds or fails. His love celebrates her victories and soothes her wounds. He stands with her, no matter what life throws in their direction.
Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Mother Teresa said, “What can you do to promote world peace? Go home and love your family. And love your friends. Love them without measure.”The sentence in the first paragraph “Only in opera do people die of love.” means ________.
| A．no love in the world is believable |
| B．love is one thing, and life is another |
| C．love in operas is truly touching |
| D．love can survive forever, though people die at different ages |
That the husband prepared her a second letter about her raise suggests that ________.
| A．he loves her because he believes that she is sure to receive a raise |
| B．he has a great way to promote his wife’s love towards him |
| C．he has a false love for people even if the person is his wife |
| D．he loves his family members truly, whether they are in good conditions or not |
From the text, we might say the author ________.
| A．refuse any spiritual emotions as embraced and kissed |
| B．criticizes the attitude of suspicion of the love |
| C．doesn’t believe there is true love in the world |
| D．thinks the true love does not expect repayment |
I am 26. I’m clear that I’m never going to catch up with Mother Teresa. But I want to do something to help people every single day like her.
Everybody thinks we just serve food and soda. The safety training is serious and stressful. Caring for 49 people in a business class in 90 minutes is not easy. I had a roommate who was a waitress; she just left a candle and a table cloth burning, and I used a fire extinguisher (灭火器) to put out the fire. If something goes bad at her job, she calls the police. But if something happens up in the air, it’s up to us.
I’m single and have no kids. I’ve flown every Christmas since 1995. If I fly, someone else can be with their kids. Christmas in an airport can be depressing, but it’s the little things that make a difference.
We’re not robots. It’s hard to put on a smile and just pretend everything is great when it isn’t. I’ve seen co-workers lose a family member the day before a trip and just pull themselves together (take control of their feelings and believe in a calm way). At the end of a 14-hour flight, it’s like, “It was really nice to help you, but I’m ready for you to get off the plane.” Those last 15 minutes can be the longest 15 minutes of your life. You can’t wait to turn off the flight attendant’s voice and get something to eat without anyone saying “Excuse me.”
Sometimes I go all day and never hear a “please” or a “thank you.” When you say thank you, it’s huge. It makes us feel like you actually see us as fellow humans. We’re up there together at a height of 30,000 feet, enjoying the miracle (奇迹) of the modern flight.What’s the author’s attitude towards Mother Teresa?
| A．Grateful | B．Fearful | C．Doubtful | D．Admiring |
How did the author like her roommate’s job?
| A．It was the same as hers | B．It was more interesting than hers |
| C．It was easier than hers | D．It was more serious than hers |
Why does the author fly every Christmas?
| A．Because she has nowhere to go. |
| B．Because she’s trying to be a helpful co-worker. |
| C．Because she owes her co-workers some favors. |
| D．Because she’d like to earn more money. |
What does the author imply by saying the underlined sentence “We’re not robots”?
| A．Flight attendants are not stronger than robots. |
| B．Flight attendants also experience emotions. |
| C．Flight attendants get tired while robots don’t. |
| D．Flight attendants need to rest now and then. |
Life gets noisier every day and very few people can be free from noise of some sort or another. It doesn’t matter where you live ---- in the middle of a modern city, or a faraway village --- the chances are that you’ll be disturbed by jet planes, transistor radios, oil-powered engines, etc. we seem to be getting used to noise, too. Some people feel quite lonely without background music while they’re working.
Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be a very frightening experience for a human being. However, some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud, and this can do harm to their eardrums (耳鼓). The noise level in some discos is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas.
One recent report about noise and concentration suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration, what really influences their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise. It goes on to say that a background noise which doesn’t change too much (music, for example) may even help to concentrate.According to this passage, the noise pollution ____________________.
| A．has become the worst in the countryside |
| B．has become better in big cities |
| C．has spread from cities to villages |
| D．has been controlled in modern cities |
Some people have their hearing harmed _____________.
| A．while listening to pop music |
| B．in complete silence |
| C．when speaking loudly |
| D．while watching TV |
Which of the following isn’t included among the things causing noise?
| A．trucks | B．motorcycles |
| C．electric engines | D．jet planes |
Scientists have discovered that what prevents people from concentrating on something is _______.
| A．all kinds of noise | B．great changes in the level of noise |
| C．background noise | D．popular music |