It’s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centres are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astounding (令人吃惊的) results – it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social life in groups as well.
“They communicate with more than one baby at once, and show jealousy and generousness,” said Professor Bradley.
He added, “They develop their own meanings through group interaction, they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles, such as leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn (内向的), but put that same baby in a group of its peers (同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted. “Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship, assuming that is the single foundation for mental health, but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers: fathers, siblings, grandparents and those taking care. Therefore, the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a ‘group approach’,” said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison, a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west, said she often noticed what appeared to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.
She said, “Joel (10 months) and Isabella (11 months) always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat. And babies definitely show jealousy. They push and touch each other, and copy what the other is doing.”
46. Which of the following statements about the study is TRUE?
A. It’s the first study to look at all-baby groups.
B. It divides babies according to their personalities.
C. Its aim is to change the way of child care.
D. Its results are unbelievable.
47. A baby who has a depressed mother _________.
A. tends to be a follower B. also enjoys group interaction
C. has poor social ability D. pays more attention to its mother
48. What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A. Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
B. There’s no need of child-care centers at all.
C. Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D. The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies.
49. The underlined word “toddlers” in Para. 8 can be replaced by “_________”.
A. adults B. infants C. peers D. groups
50. The example given in the last paragraph proves that a baby ________.
A. is born to be friendly to other babies
B. has interest in peers as well as in its mother
C. may have emotional attachments to another baby
D. shows jealousy and generousness as an adult
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
She was known to millions as the "Queen of Crime" or the "Duchess (女公爵) of death". But surprisingly, she hated violence and blood, and knew nothing of the weapons most often used in murder. "I don't think I dare look at a really horrible and damaged body." Agatha Christie once said.
But her pen dared travel where her eyes would not. In a 50-year writing career, Christie's murder stories made her the world's best-known mystery writer. She is outsold only by the Bible and Shakespeare.
Her works have been turned into films and TV series, and a line of computer games is to be released over the next six years.
"My grandmother liked to use new ways to reach people who wanted to enjoy her work," said Christie's grandson, Mathew Pritchard. "Turning her stories into PC games allows us to introduce classic mysteries to new audiences."
Born in 1890 in England, Christie was educated at home and began her writing career while working as a nurse during World War I. She went on to produce 79 novels and numerous short stories, dying at the age of 86.
"With her knowledge of murder, Christie could have been a teacher at police academies," said one fan.
56. By saying "her pen dared travel where her eyes would not", the writer means
A. she would like to make a trip with her pen rather than other things
B. she couldn't live without her pen
C. she could describe anything with her pen that she would not like to face
D. she made up stories with her pen
57. By which means can't we learn the works of Christie?
A. Watching TV. B. Going to the cinema. C. Reading novels. D. Playing computer games.
58. Mathew Prichard's words suggest that _
A. Christie had been trying to write different stories in different styles
B. Christie was fond of changing styles while writing
C. Christie's works are short of audiences
D. People began to lose interest in Christie's works
59. The fifth paragraph mainly
A. tells us Christie is a productive writer B. gives us a brief introduction of Christie
C. tells us when Christie took up writing D. tells us why Christie was popular
CANBERRA(Reuters)—Australia’s kangaroos are genetically similar to humans and may have first evolved in China, Australian researchers said Tuesday.
Scientists said they had for the first time mapped the genetic code of the Australian marsupials(有袋类)and found much of it was similar to the genome for humans, the government backed Center of Excellence for Kangaroo Genomics said.
“There are a few differences, we have a few more of this, a few less of that, but they are the same genes and a lot of them are in the same order,”center Director Jenny Graves told reporters in Melbourne.
“We thought they’d be completely scrambled, but they’re not. There is great chunks of the human genome which is sitting right there in the kangaroo genome,” Graves said, according to AAP.
Humans and knagaroos last shared an ancestor at least 150 million years ago, the researchers found, while mice and humans separated and went in different ways from one another only 70 million years ago.
Kangaroos first evolved in China, but migrated across the America to Australia and Antarctica, they said.
“Kangaroos are hugely informative about what we were like 150 million years ago,” Graves said.
68.Where does the kangaroo first develop according the scientists?
A.In China. B.In America. C.In Australia. D.In Antarctica.
69.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.How the Kangaroo first evolved. B.Kangaroo’ genetic code have been mapped.
C.Kangaroos’genes are close to humans’. D.Scientists did much research into Kangaroos.
70.What does the underlined word “scrambled” probably mean in the fourth paragraph?
A.Funny. B.Wrong. C.Curious. D.Right.
About a year ago, I went to stay at a Detroit hotel. I didn’t want to carry too much money with me, so I asked the desk clerk(职员) to put a hundred dollar bill in the safe for me.
The next morning, however, the clerk said that he knew nothing about my money. I didn’t have any proof(证据) that I had given the man the money. There was clearly nothing left to do but to go to the nearest lawyer.
The lawyer advised me to return to the hotel with him and give another hundred-dollar bill to the desk. So we did. An hour later, I went back to the desk and asked for my money. Since I had the lawyer as an eyewitness to the second hundred-dollar bill, the clerk could not say he knew nothing about it.
Another hour later, I put the second part of the lawyer’s plan into action. This time both the lawyer and I went to the hotel to ask for the hundred-dollar bill once again. And when the clerk insisted that he had given it to me, I said it was not true. The lawyer said to him, “ I saw this gentleman give you a hundred-dollar bill. If you don’t hand it in immediately, I will be forced to call the policeman.” The clerk realized he had been cheated, so he gave me back the first hundred-dollar bill.
“I don’t know how to thank you enough for getting my money back.” I said to the lawyer. And what do you suppose he answered? He said, “oh, don’t thank me. That will be one hundred dollars, please.”
64.What do you think a “safe” is?
A.a box to put money or other valuables in B.a desk at the checking counter
C.a drawer in which guests’ money is kept D.a public purse to put money in
65.The clerk finally returned my money to me because________.
A.the lawyer had seen everything B.he was afraid of going to prison
C.the bill was not real money D.I had called the police
66.Which of the following would be the best title for the story?
A.How I lost my money! B.Cheated by a clerk
C.Don’t believe in lawyers! D.At a Detroit hotel
67.How much did the author lose in all?
A.100 dollars. B.200 dollars. C.300 dollars. D.400 dollars.
My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. Summer after summer, I enjoyed staying with my grandparents as a young child. I was from the city and loved the small town they lived in. People knew everyone, their kids, their pets, their ancestors. The bond with them continued to grow as I grew and they got older. Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting. She would make little sandwiches and we’d have tea parties. She’d make beautiful quilts for each one. I remember the small thimble(顶针) she would use while doing her needle work.
A few years ago, when Grandma left this earth, I bid farewell to a loving grandmother. How quickly our lives can change. We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday.
I missed her very much. On one particular birthday, when I was feeling a little low, something happened to make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging some colorful pillows that she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow. It was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam(接缝) that I carefully opened, and to my delight out came a tiny silver thimble! How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her. Not realizing it had fallen off her finger, I pictured her sewing it in that little pillow that I just happened to place on my bedspead that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others I’ve collected over the years, where I could continue to see the gift God chose to reveal to me. What a precious memory of a very special lady who somehow, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her thimble inside my pillow.
I made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and enjoyed my tea and Grandma’s thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!
60.The author liked staying with her grandparents because________.
A.they often bought her some gifts
B.she was curious about people and things there
C.she could have tea parties and eat sandwiches
D.she could learn to sew quilts
61.How did the author feel when she found the silver thimble?
A.Sad B.Proud C.Lucky D.Cheerful
62.It can be inferred from the passage that the silver thimble________.
A.was the item the author had been trying to find
B.was the most treasured possession of Grandma
C.was very precious to the author
D.was a birthday gift Grandma had given the author
63.What is the best title for the passage?
A.A little pillow B.Grandma’s silver thimble
C.My grandparents D.My childhood
第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
The best diet for you is the one that you can follow for the rest of your life. Most diets can get you to your goal if you do exactly what they say.
The first thing to do is to look at what you’re doing now. If it’s easier for you to see where you’re going wrong by writing down what you eat for the next week, then do that.
When you become familiar with the foods you choose to eat every day, it’s easy to start to subsitute(用…代替)healthier alternatives and make better choices. Let’s take a look at some common lifestyle choices that could help you lose weight easily.
Got a soda habit?
Drink a lot of soda or fruit juices? Substitute water and tea instead. Studies show that just this one substitution can help you drop 20 pounds in a year.
Spending a lot of time buying food at the drivethrough fast food joint?
Avoid anything that you can get through a drivethrough window. Bring your lunch instead. Home cooking almost automatically guarantees a meal that’s lower in fat and calories than anything you could get through a window.
Never finish a meal without grease(油脂) on your hands?
Deep-fried foods are loaded with calories and fat. Fry in a little olive oil, instead.
Always having a lot of sauces?
Holding the mayo(蛋黄酱)or anything else that’s creamy(含乳脂的)? If you’re ordering sandwiches with special sauce or mayo, then you’re eating a lot more calories and fat grams than you think you are. Some sauces can add more than 20 grams of fat, and hundreds of calories to your lunch. Mustard(芥茉)is a good alternative. It’s flavorful, and has virtually no calories or fat.
Take a look at what you’re doing, and make changes you can live with.
56.All the following will help you lose weight EXCEPT________.
A.mustard B.soda C.tea D.olive oil
57.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.To make a list of the food you like best can lose weight.
B.To get a good idea of different foods is necessary.
C.Home cooking is more delicious than snacks.
D.Dropping 20 pounds in a year is difficult.
58.We can learn from the passage that________.
A.mayo is beneficial to people’s health B.most people think that mustard tastes bad
C.cooking is a waste of time D.drinking water contributes to weight loss
59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.The best diet is a lifestyle change B.Stop buying fast food
C.What to do for the rest of your life D.Lead a healthy lifestyle