第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
Canada is a very large country. It is the second largest country in the world. By contrast it has a very small population. There are slightly over 30 million people there. Most Canadians are of British or French origin, and French is an official language of Canada as well as English. About 45% of the people are of British origin, that is, they or their parents or grandparents, etc., come from Britain. Nearly 30% are of French origin. Most of the French-Canadians live in the province of Quebec.
Over the years, people have come to live in Canada from many countries in the world. They are from most European countries and also from China, besides other Asian countries.
However, Canada was not an empty country when the Europeans began to arrive. Canadian Indians lived along the coast, by the rivers and lakes and in forests. Today there are only about 350 000 Indians in the whole country, with their own languages. In the far north live the Inuit. There are only 27 000 Canadian-Inuit. Their life is hard in such a difficult climate.
56. About_______________live in Quebec.
A. 30% of the French-Canadians B. 45% of the Canadians
C. 29 000 000 people D. 9 000 000 French-Canadians
57. The underlined word “origin” in Paragraph One means____________.
A. 血统 B. 后裔 C. 先驱 D. 猿人
58. About 23% of people came from____________
A. China B. England C. France
D. some other countries except France and Britain
59. Which of the following is true according to this passage?
A. There are 27 000 Canadian-Indians in Canada.
B. More than 13 million people have come from Britain and France in recent years.
C. There are nearly 30% of the populations whose parents or grandparents come from France.
D. There are no people when the Europeans began to arrive in Canada.
There are some new drivers going back to school. Teens who have recently gotten their driver's licenses may be taking the wheel to drive to school this fall. However, parents fear when their teen starts driving. And it turns out that such parental fears are justified—so it's worth reviewing how to keep your teen safe while he or she is behind the wheel.
Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death in US teens. Drivers 16 to 19 years old are at the greatest risk for crashes. In fact, their risk is 4 times greater than for older drivers. The teens at the greatest risk are those who are male, those carrying other teenage passengers in the car, and those still in their first year of driving. Nearly 50 percent of teen deaths related to automobile crashes happen on Fridays ’ Saturdays ’ or Sundays between the hours of 3 p. m. and midnight.
Why are teens at higher risk for motor vehicle crashes?
Development. Teens haven’t completely matured mentally and have greater risk-taking behaviors, possibly because they tend to underestimate（低估）the risk associated with a particular behavior. Teens also have a greater tendency to speed and to drive too close to the cars in front of them.
No seatbelts. Teens have the lowest rate of seatbelt use among all driving groups.
Alcohol. At least 25 percent of motor vehicle deaths in teens are related to alcohol use.
Technological distractions (分散注意力).Cell phones, texting，MP3 players, and the like can all distract drivers greatly.
Be aware of your teen ’ s driving practices and discuss safe driving habits when opportunities present themselves. Check out the applications and devices now available for restricting your teen’s use of technology while driving. Some applications alert you to when your teen is texting while the vehicle is moving. Another device blocks incoming and outgoing texts when the car is running—incoming messages get an automatic reply ( e. g, " I ’ m driving right now")，and phone calls go directly to voicemail. You can also get notifications if your teen tries to shut off the program. There are also GPS programs that let you know your new driver' s whereabouts（下落） at all times. All in all, you can't be too cautious when teaching your teen how to be safe on the road.What factor is least related to the teen drivers’ high risks of crashes?
| A．Driver age | B．Passenger gender(性别) |
| C．Driving experience | D．Driving time |
Teens probably turn away their attention from driving when they are_____.
| A．using no seatbelts | B．drinking water |
| C．carrying passengers | D．answering cell phones |
According to the passage, which should be prevented during teens' driving?
| A．Texting | B．GPS programs |
| C．Automated replies | D．Voicemail |
The author writes the last paragraph in order to_____.
| A．offer parents practical suggestions |
| B．summarize teen' s driving practices |
| C．advocate different driving habits |
| D．establish examples for the future |
People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much more electricity is used in the city than in the country.
On the average, we throw away more trash and garbage than the year before. The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the around cities. The fumes from iron, steel, chemical, and petroleum production add particles to the air.
The effects of air pollution range from mild headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy for traffic may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are used for fuel, fumes（气体）may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode. In some of the larger cities, these fumes endanger the live of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.The main idea of the passage is that _________.
| A．the cause of air pollution is people |
| B．the causes and the effects of air pollution are found in cities |
| C．the effects of air pollution range from headaches to death |
| D．air pollution is caused by dirty air |
What is the purpose of this passage?
| A．to persuade people to stop polluting the air |
| B．to tell the causes of air pollution |
| C．to tell why cities are bad places to live |
| D．to describe why cities are bad places to live |
Why is air pollution more serious in the city than in the country?
| A．Because there are larger populations in cities. |
| B．Because the air in the city is dirty. |
| C．Because there are more cars in the city. |
| D．Because there are much more gas fumes, burning of coal and oil |
for energy.In larger cities, the fumes from coal and oil may contribute to ___________.
| A．heart disease | B．lung diseases |
| C．loss of clear vision | D．serious headache |
We often see wind-horse flags in Tibetan areas. They are long cloths on which pictures of horses and scriptures（经文）are printed. People often put these flags on top of houses, or leave them where a vehicle accident happened. They prevent evil spirits from injuring people again.
A wind-horse flag can be white, yellow, red, green or blue. These five colors symbolize the five elements that form the world; earth, water, fire, wind and sky. Another explanations that red is the sun, green is the grassland, yellow is the earth, blue is the sky, and white is the cloud.
The wind-horse flag originated with a monk who obtained a scripture from India. When he crossed a river, he carelessly dropped the scripture into the water. He quickly saved the scripture and spread it out on a big rock to dry as he sat in meditation（默想）. Suddenly violent thunder sounded like drums. The monk felt liberated（解放的）from all of his sadness, and when he opened his eyes he saw that the scripture had been blown into the sky by a strong wind. Finally, he went straight to heaven.
In order to honor the spirit of the monk and the Buddhist scripture, people printed the scripture on a piece of cloth and hung it up between the sky and the earth as though the scripture was flying in the sky.
We also know why people put the wind-horse flag on the top of mountains and houses. The Tibetan ancestors had a very great idea about chanting scripture. They thought people not only could chant scripture, but also the five elements. The wind-home flag is a good example of how they use the wind to blow the flag, which means that the wind also chants scripture.The second paragraph is mainly about the wind-horse flag’s ________.
| A．colors | B．styles |
| C．materials | D．functions |
What happened when the monk meditated?
| A．He felt very sad about his mistake. |
| B．The scripture was blown into the sky. |
| C．He was punished by the gods. |
| D．Many wind-house flags were flying. |
According to the passage, the origin of the wind-horse flag is based on ________.
| A．a historical event | B．an ancient custom |
| C．a religious tale | D．a vehicle accident |
Why do people put wind-horse flags on the top of mountains and houses?
| A．The wind-house flags are safer there. |
| B．The wind-house flags can be nearer to the sky. |
| C．People can see the wind-house flags more clearly. |
| D．People believe the wind can also chant scripture. |
As we all know, Stephen Hawking writes the book A Brief History of Time that explains the origin of the universe. The book spent 147 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller List and has sold 10 million copies. He is, most agree, very smart.
In his recently published autobiography My Brief History，Hawking offers four life lessons on
how to become a genius.
1) Don’ t miss opportunities by being too cool
“We showed an air of complete boredom and the feeling that nothing was worth making an effort for. One result of my illness has been to change all that. When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and that there are lots of things you want to do.” Seize the moment, as Oxford would say.
2) Keep it simple
When writing A Brief History of Time，he tried to make science understandable for the rest of
Us. “I was sure that nearly everyone is interested in how the universe operates, but most people
cannot follow mathematical equations(数学公式). ”He has trouble with them, too.“This is partly because it is difficult for me to write them down, but mainly because I don't have an inborn feeling for equations. My aim in the book was to describe these mental images in words. It is such an easy book that everybody can understand it.” The moral: You don't have to be a genius to know everything.
3）Have fun
Hawking has a long history of being a joker，and he has placed lots of bets with other scientists on the nature of black holes. One was with Cal-Tech scientist John Preskill. After paying off his bet by giving Preskill a baseball encyclopedia, Hawking wrote,“but maybe I should have just given him the ashes.” So lighten up! Geniuses like bad jokes too.
4) Always look for a silver lining (even if you are seriously ill)
Hawking's disease has slowly robbed him of the ability to walk，move his arms，even speak.
But, Hawking says，“in some ways I guess my disability has been an assist：I haven't had to lecture or teach students, and I haven't had to sit in meetings. So I have been able to devote myself completely to research.”In other words, Hawking was given lemons, and he made Champagne.The passage tells us the facts about A Brief History of Time EXCEPT that ________.
| A．it explained the origin of the universe |
| B．it has sold 10 million copies up to now |
| C．it spent 147 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller List |
| D．it included Hawking's four life lessons on how to become a genius |
According to the passage，which of the following statements is guiding you to be a genius?
| A．Place lots of bets with your friends. |
| B．Seize the moment to learn everything. |
| C．Find something good even in bad situations. |
| D．Get to know everything including math equations. |
Hawking shows his viewpoint by ____________.
| A．making comparisons |
| B．quoting a famous saying |
| C．listing the numbers and equations |
| D．talking about his own experience |
As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly depending on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes (笔画) of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more.
Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more widely spread among university students. Almost all their assignment and essays are typed on a computer.
All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer.
It’s faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that’s why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear.
“When I’m writing with a pen, I find I often can’t remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it.”
“I’m not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.”
Many students don’t feel this is something to worry about. Now that it’s more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?
Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said, “ Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic (审美的) value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. Through one’s handwriting, people can get to know one’s thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.”
To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory（必修的）and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.The underlined expression “taking stock in” in paragraph 4 probably means___.
| A．getting bored with |
| B．getting dependent on |
| C．becoming crazy about |
| D．getting curious about |
The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because____.
| A．computers have become a trend and fashion in China |
| B．they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays |
| C．they find it not easy to remember how to write a character |
| D．they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently |
Which of the following statement is NOT true of the advantage of handwriting?
| A．Handwriting contains the writer’s emotions. |
| B．Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. |
| C．Handwriting can impress people well and build one’s self-confidence. |
| D．The writer’s thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting. |
Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
| A．To Type or to Handwrite. |
| B．The Importance of Handwriting and Typing. |
| C．Writing by Computer Will Replace Writing by Hand. |
| D．Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters. |