In classrooms across the USA, students from different speech backgrounds give speeches in English. It is important to remember that the major goal of the speech is communication of ideas, not perfection of language skills. Therefore, as you listen to a speaker who is not fluent in the language, seek to understand what is being said by concentrating on the ideas of the message rather than on the specific words of the speaker. This may require a special kind of patience as well as the ability to take the perspective (视角) of the communicator. Perspective taking means that you can put yourself in the other person’s shoes. That is, you try to imagine what it would be like to give a speech in a foreign language to a group of native speakers of that language. Keep in mind that non-fluency is not linked to low intelligence or lack of education~ it is linked to experiences with the second language.
These guidelines can help you be a better listener in these situations.
1. Approach the speech with a positive attitude, and expect to understand.
2. Listen all the way through. Make special efforts to keep your mind from wandering in the middle of the speech. It may help to take notes.
3. Plan to give proper nonverbal (非语言的) feedback to prove your interest, patience, and support for the speaker.
4. Control your negative emotional responses. Let's face it, it is difficult to deal with linguistic barriers (语言障碍), and people often get disappointed or bored when there are language differences.
5. Do not laugh, even if the speakers do, at their language skills. Often they laugh nervously to relieve tension.
68. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How to become a good listener.
B. How to become a good speaker.
C. We should take a positive attitude towards speech.
D. How to communicate with others
69. The underlined phrase "put yourself in the other person’s shoes" in the first paragraph means ____.
A. to know one's shoes is to know one's problem
B. try to wear the other person’s shoes
C. understand others by trying on their shoes
D. look at something from the point of others
70. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People should be strict with speakers speaking in a foreign language.
B. Taking notes helps keep your mind from wandering in listening to a speech.
C. Whenever the speaker is nervous, he laughs.
D. It's hard to concentrate when the speaker is not fluent.
71. What advice is given on listening to a speech?
A. Believing you can understand every word of the speech.
B. Showing your support for the speaker nonverbally.
C. Laughing when the speaker laughs at himself.
D. Commenting on the speech at times.
Poetry Writing Classes Online
Consider it the caviar （鱼子酱） of literature: tiny eggs with wonderful taste． Poetry has inspired the human soul for thousands of years and there are those who still treasure its magnificence．If you hear mermaids singing or feel the wind or see the sun rising in ribbons then you are one of these happy few．Excellence in poetry is mysterious, but a quest（探索） worth pursuing．In our courses, you will learn to control sound, structure, line, word, theme etc．into well-crafted poems and you will improve your precision by experimenting with various time-honored forms．You will also learn how and where to market your work．
Level I
Poetry Writing 10-Week Workshop
Using a balance of lecture, exercise, and comment on work from the instructor and classmates, this course gives students a firm grounding in all the basics of poetry writing．
·Write two-six poems
·Lectures on basics of poetry craft
·Writing exercises
·Present work for critique （评论）（two times）
PoetryI is for beginners or anyone who wants to brush up on the fundamentals．
Online Classes
Registration Fee: $25．
Tuition: $395, Returning Students $365．
Each class strictly limited to 16 students, aged 18 and up
·You can still enroll in this class!
Advanced
Poetry Writing 10-Week Workshop
Focusing on developing projects and receiving comment from the instructor and classmates, this course helps students sharpen their skills and work toward completion of publishable work．Begin or refine two-six poems．
·Lectures that expand on basics of poetry craft
·Writing exercises
·Present work for in-depth critique （two times）
Online Classes
Registration Fee; $ 25．
Tuition: $395．Returning Students $365．
Each class strictly limited to 14 students, aged 18 and up．
·You can still enroll in this class!You learn the following on Poetry Writing Classes Online EXCEPT _____
| A．where you can sell your poems |
| B．why it's worth seeking excellence in poetry |
| C．how to write a well-crafted poem |
| D．how to sharpen your skills in poetry |
If you rejoin the online poetry writing classes, you should pay _____．
| A．$390 | B．$410 | C．$395 | D．$365 |
If you are a beginner, you can start the courses from _____．
| A．July 14 | B．Aug 14 | C．July 6 | D．Oct 6 |
In Advanced Poetry Writing Class, you are asked to _____.
| A．lay steady foundations for the basis of poetry writing |
| B．hand in your poems getting ready for publication |
| C．make comments on the work of your classmates |
| D．give some lectures on basics of poetry craft |
The passage is most probably from a _____．
| A．newspaper advertisement | B．book review |
| C．scientific magazine | D．news report |
Bali is an Indonesia island that is rich in indigenous （本土的） culture．A lot of people say that Balinese culture is unique and that the people of Bali have always been contented with the "now"．If you ask a Balinese person what heaven is like, the probable answer will be "just like Bali"．This only goes to show that most Balinese people are happy to be where they are and never worry．
One factor that contributes to this laidback lifestyle is the culture of close family ties in Bali．In the Balinese culture, support is always available．Balinese extended families are so tightly knit that all members usually reside in the same complex．
Balinese culture is based on a form of this religion, which is called "Hindu Darma"．This religion reached the island during the eleventh century．Most of the family customs and
traditions as well as community lifestyles of the Balinese people are influenced by this．The religious influence even expands widely into the arts, which makes Bali distinct from the rest of Indonesia．
In spite of the fact that tourists flood to the island every year, Balinese people have managed to conserve their culture．Almost every native of Bali is an artist in some form or another．Parents and villagers have passed on their skills to their children, who all seem to have inclinations （爱好） either to music, dance, painting, and decor．
Another remarkable mark of the Balinese culture is the series of ceremonies and rituals known as the Manusa Yadnya．This marks the different stages of Balinese life．Cremation （火葬） is very popular on this island—and unlike in the West, death is a joyous and colorful event for the Balinese．What do we know about Balinese according to the first two paragraphs?
| A．They lead a very relaxing but unwealthy life． |
| B．They live in large families and are close to each other． |
| C．Their family members are distributed in different places． |
| D．Their extended families live too close together to get along well． |
Bali is distinguished from the rest of Indonesia by _____．
| A．people's tight family relationship |
| B．the family customs and traditions |
| C．people's great affection for religion |
| D．the influence of Hinduism on their culture |
The underlined word "conserve" in Para．4 can be best replaced by "_____"．
| A．preserve | B．spread | C．form | D．expand |
When a person dies in Bali, it is a common practice to _____．
| A．express deep sorrow at his death |
| B．celebrate the death like a great event |
| C．sing and dance joyfully in his honor |
| D．remember what he did in his lifetime |
What is the text mainly about?
| A．Balinese religion． | B．The lifestyle of Balinese． |
| C．Balinese culture． | D．The tourism in Bali． |
Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for the London bus. The bus for London would not eave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in lines, others were walking about. There was a group of school-girls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in order. Tom looked around but there was nowhere for him to sit.
He walked into the station cafe. He looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down, facing a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, John, one of Tom's friends, came in and sat with Tom.
"What time is your bus?" asked John.
"Oh, there is plenty of time yet, "answered Tom.
"Oh, I'll get you some more tea then," said John.
They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again.
"Good heavens! It's going back-ward!" he cried. "A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it's half past eleven."
"You are looking at the clock in the mirror," said John.
Tom wanted to kick(踢) himself for being so foolish. The next bus was not to leave for another hour. He has never liked mirror since then.The London bus left ______________.
| A．at 11:55 | B．at 5:12 | C．before 11:55 | D．after 11:55 |
Tom went into the station cafe because ____________.
| A．John asked him to have a cup of tea |
| B．he wanted a drink there |
| C．he would meet a friend of his |
| D．it was early yet and he wanted to find a place to sit |
What time was it in fact when he looked at the clock in the mirror?
| A．Half past twelve. |
| B．Half past eleven. |
| C．Twenty to twelve. |
| D．Half past one. |
When Tom sat in the station café, who came in?
| A．his friend | B．his father | C．his uncle | D．his girlfriend |
Which of the following is true?
| A．Tom missed his bus. |
| B．He has liked mirror since then. |
| C．The next bus would leave soon. |
| D．Tom arrived London on time. |
Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ______.
| A．there were not any modern machines |
| B．there was no modern medicine |
| C．both A and B |
| D．there were not many people |
What is the biggest problem in today’s life?
| A．Water pollution |
| B．Air pollution |
| C．Noise |
| D．Pollution |
The most serious kind of pollution is ______.
| A．noise pollution |
| B．air pollution |
| C．water pollution |
| D．A, B and C |
Factories must clean their water ______.
| A．before they are thrown away |
| B．when they are thrown away |
| C．after it is thrown away |
| D．before it is thrown away |
From the passage we know that ______.
| A．a few years ago, there was no smog at all |
| B．today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice |
| C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes |
| D．people are making rules in order to fight pollution |
Good afternoon, and welcome to England. We hope that your visit here will be a pleasant one. Today, I would draw your attention to a few of our laws.
The first one is drinking. Now, you may not buy wine in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.
Secondly, noise. Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don’t make unnecessary noise, particularly, at night. We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.
Thirdly, crossing the road. Be careful, the traffic moves on the left side of the road in this country. Use pedestrian crossing and don’t take any chance when crossing the road.
My next point is about rubbish. It isn’t lawful to drop rubbish in the street. When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a dustbin.
Finally, as regards smoking, it is against law to buy cigarettes or tobacco if you are under 16 years of age.
I’d like to finish by saying that if you require any sort of help or assistance, you should contact the police, who will be pleased to help you. You can call, write or directly go to ask any policeman. take any chance means .
| A．冒险，碰运气 | B．趁机 | C．失去机会 | D．生气 |
Who do you think is most likely to make the speech?
A. A guide B.A person who makes the law
B. A teacher D. An English officerHow many laws are there discussed in the speech?
| A．Three | B．Four | C．Five | D．Six |
The main purpose of this speech is to .
| A．tell people those above 18 can smoke and drink there |
| B．declare the different laws of England |
| C．give advice to travelers to the country |
| D．warn people against going to the country |
From the speech we have learnt that .
| A．in the country, if you are 18 years of age, you may not buy wine, but your friends can buy it for you |
| B．you may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are above 16 years of age |
| C．because the traffic moves on the left side of the road, you must use pedestrian when crossing the road |
| D．you can’t make a noise except at night |