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Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road
——Reported by Sheila Carrick
Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.
Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.
“Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads,” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.
“Ecopassages” may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road accidents,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.
But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.
Builders of ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animals overpass!
1. The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that ______.
A. wild animals have become more dangerous
B. the driving conditions have improved greatly
C. the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work
D. an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents
2. From the news story, we know an ecopassage is ______.
A. an underground path for cars                                  
B. a fence built for the safety of the area
C. a bridge for animals to get over a river                    
D. a pass for animals to cross the road
3. When the writer says that animals seem “to be catching on”, he means ______.
A. animals begin to realize the dangers on the road 
B. animals begin to learn to use ecopassages
C. animals are crossing the road in groups                    
D. animals are increasing in number
4. The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because ______.
A. wild animals may attack cars                                  
B. wild animals may jam the road
C. they may see wild animals in the park               
D. they may see wild animals on ecopassages

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The world is filled with many interesting sounds. Some are very pleasant to hear; others are unpleasant to our ears. In a day, you probably hear hundreds of different sounds.
All sounds are different. Some may be soft; others may be loud. Some sounds are high; others are low.
Some sounds are useful. Without sound we cannot talk or listen to one another. The ringing alarm clock (闹钟)makes people wake up. The hooting of a horn (喇叭声) on the road warns careless people of danger.
We make sounds by making things move to and fro(来回地). This to-and-fro movement is called vibration (振动). It means moving up and down or forwards(向前地) and backwards(向后的) very fast. This makes sound waves(波).
We can make sounds in many ways, for example, by shouting, clapping our hands and striking the table. We can make sounds only by making things vibrate. We can talk because we can make our vocal cords (声带) vibrate. Our vocal cords are in a sound box or voice box. Two vocal cords vibrate when our lungs(肺) force the air through them.
We can make sounds ______.

A.by making things still
B.by making things vibrate
C.by making things jump up and down
D.by changing the positions of things

Some sounds are useful because ______.

A.they can wake people up
B.they can warn people to be careful when they are crossing the road
C.they make it possible for people to talk or listen to each other
D.all of the above

When the air is through our vocal cords, it can make them ______.

A.vibrate B.breathe the air
C.talk to each other D.move forward and backward

Sounds are different because ______.

A.different sounds have different vibrations
B.different sounds have different sound waves
C.different sounds have different vocal cords
D.both A and B

Surtsey was born in 1963.Scientists saw the birth of this island. It began at 7.30 a.m. on 14th November. A fishing boat was near Iceland. The boat moved under the captain's(船长)feet. He noticed a strange smell. He saw some black smoke. A volcano(火山)was breaking out. Red-hot rocks, fire and smoke were rushing up from the bottom(底部)of the sea. The island grew quickly. It was 10 meters high the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November.
Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still rushing up. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grew. Then it stopped in June 1967.It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming to Surtsey. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists built a house. They want to learn about this young island. A new island is like a new world.
Surtsey is ______.

A.an island not far from Iceland B.a new volcano
C.a fishing boat D.a place in Iceland

When did scientist fly there to watch?

A.Before the volcano broke out. B.As soon as the volcano broke out.
C.About four days after the volcano broke out.
D.After the volcano stopped rushing up.

Put the following sentences in correct order.
a. The captain found the boat was moving. b. A new island appeared in the sea.
c. Fire, smoke and rocks were seen rushing up. d. A fishing boat was near Iceland.
e. The island grew quickly.

A.d-a-c-b-e    B.a-b-c-d-e   C.a-b-e-c-d    D.b-e-d-a-c

When was Surtsey born?

A.1964 B.1963 C.1962 D.1965

Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about the deserts. But more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time. Scientists may not be able to change the desert in time.
Why is more and more land becoming desert? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.
Some places on the earth don’t get much rain. But they still don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants don’t let the sun make the earth even drier. Plants do not let the wind blow(吹) the dirt away. When a bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become desert more easily.
Deserts ________.

A.never have any plants or animals in them
B.can all be turned into good land before long
C.are becoming smaller and smaller
D.get very little rain

Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplaces because __________.

A.they don’t let the sun make the earth even drier
B.they don’t let the wind blow the soil away
C.they hold water
D.All of the above.

After reading this passage, we learn that __________.

A.plants can keep dry land from becoming desert
B.it is good to get rid of the grass in the deserts
C.all places without much rain will become deserts
D.it is better to grow crops on dry land than to cut them

I shall never forget the night,a few years ago,when Marion J.Douglas was a student in one of my adulteducation classes. He told us how tragedy had struck at his home,not once,but twice. The first time he had lost his fiveyearold daughter. He and his wife thought they couldn’t bear that first loss;but,as he said,“Ten months later,God gave us another little girl and she died in five days.”
This double bereavement was almost too much to bear. “I couldn’t take it,” this father told us,“I couldn’t sleep,eat,rest or relax. My nerves were entirely shaken and my confidence gone. ”At last he went to doctors;one recommended sleeping pills and another recommended a trip,but neither helped. He said,“My body felt as if it was surrounded in a vice (大钳子),and the jaws of the vice were being drawn tighter and tighter.” The tension of grief (悲伤)—if you have ever been paralyzed (使瘫痪) by sorrow,you know what he meant.
“But thank God,I had one child left—a fouryearold son. He gave me the solution to my problem. One afternoon as I sat around feeling sorry for myself,he asked,‘Daddy,will you build a boat for me?’ I was in no mood to build a boat;in fact,I was in no mood to do anything. But my son is a persistent little fellow!I had to give in. Building that toy boat took me about three hours. By the time it was finished,I realized that those three hours spent building that boat were first hours of mental relaxation and peace that I had had in months!I realized that it is difficult to worry while you are busy doing something that requires planning and thinking. In my case,building the boat had knocked worry out of the ring. So I determined to keep busy.”
“The following night,I made a list of jobs that ought to be done. Scores of items needed to be repaired. Amazingly,I had made a list of 242 items that needed attention. During the last two years I have completed most of them. I am busy so that I have no time for worry.”
No time for worry!That is exactly what Winston Church ill said when he was working eighteen hours a day at the height of the war. When he was asked if he worried about his huge responsibilities,he said,“I am too busy. I have no time for worry.”
The underlined word “bereavement” in the second paragraph refers to________.

A.having lost a loved one
B.having lost a valuable article
C.having lost a profitmaking business
D.having lost a wellpaid job

Marion felt his body as if it was caught in a vice because________.

A.he couldn’t earn enough money to support his family
B.he was suffering from sleeplessness disease
C.he couldn’t get out of mental pressure
D.he felt tired of adulteducation classes

Marion made a list of over 200 items that needed to be repaired because________.

A.he hadn’t been able to spare time to mend them
B.he wanted to kill his free time by repairing them
C.the items had actually been broken and needed attention
D.repairing the items helped crowd wor ry out of his mind

At the end of the passage,the author wrote about Winston Churchill in order to________.

A.prove that he followed Churchill’s example
B.support his student’s solution to his problem
C.show that he was successful in his career
D.clarify how his conclusion was reached

The first field season is now over at the hut village of the workmen who built the tombs in the Valley of the Kings. However,the archaeologists working on the excavation(挖掘)have found that they still have a great deal to do. The sun, the wind and tourists have left their mark on the village, originally discovered by Bernard Bruyhre in 1935.
“From our modern perspective,it is upsetting to see how the village was first excavated and then left to be destroyed. Passers-by have used the huts as rubbish dumps and restrooms,”says Jaana Toivari—Viitala, a teacher at the University of Helsinki.“Fortunately, while we still have some surface cleaning to do, conservation are off to a good start.”
The hut village offers rare insight into everyday life in ancient Egypt.
“In the early twentieth century,archaeologists were only interested in the tombs of kings. The workmen’s huts they discovered were seen as a necessary evil in the quest for the real treasures.”
“Now several international research groups on different excavations are examining everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings. This seems to be a trend in archaeology right now.” Toivari-Viitala says.
Her research group wants to find out why the hut village was built on the slope of a mountain,halfway between the construction site and Deir-el-Medina. They are also interested in how many workers lived in the village at a time, when they lived there, and what their role was in the construction work.
“Comparing the names found in the village and in Deir-el-Medina provides useful information.Judging from the construction methods,settlement in the village can be divided into two separate periods: the initial settlement and a later one.”
For the time being,much is up to guessing, but Toivari-Viitala believes that the coming four field seasons, three months each, will see results.
“The working conditions are not nearly as difficult as I thought they would be. The cool winds in the mountains nicely alleviate the heat.”
The research group working on the “Workmen’s huts in the Theban mountains” project is planning to return to the Valley of the Kings in October.
.
What does the passage mainly talk about? ________

A.The hut village in the Valley of the Kings.
B.The excavation of the tombs in the Valley.
C.The archaeologists working on the excavation.
D.Everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings.

.
Which of the following is NOT true of the hut village according to the passage? _______

A.It has been damaged a lot. B.It can tell us something about ancient Egypt.
C.It has attracted archaeologists’ attention. D.It has a lot of real treasures somewhere in it.

.
What’s the new trend in archaeology right now according to Toivari-Viitala?

A.Being interested in the tombs of kings.
B.Examining everyday life and work in the Valley of the Kings.
C.Using the huts as rubbish dumps and restrooms.
D.Guessing what the result will be beforehand.

We can infer from the passage that__________.

A.people know little about the hut village by now
B.the workmen’s huts were not discovered until very recently
C.the research group working on the workmen’s huts will suffer a lot
D.the hut village is much more valued by archaeologists than the tombs

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