We’ve used the wind as an energy source for a long time．
The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to
pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing
boats were around long before that．Wind power was used in the
Middle Ages, in Europe, to grind（磨碎） corn, which is where
the term “windmill” comes from．
We can use the energy in the wind by building a tall tower, with a large propellor（螺旋桨） on the top．The wind blows the propellor round, which turns a generator to produce electricity．We tend to build many of these towers together, to make a “wind farm” and produce more electricity．The more towers, the more wind, and the larger the propellors, the more electricity we can make．It's only worth building wind farms in places that have strong, steady winds, although boats and caravans（大篷车）increasingly have small wind generators to help keep their batteries charged．
The best places for wind farms are in coastal areas, at the tops of rounded hills, open plains and gaps in mountains — places where the wind is strong and reliable．Some are offshore．To be worthwhile, you need an average wind speed of around 25 km/h．Most wind farms in the UK are in Cornwall or Wales．Isolated places such as farms may have their own wind generators．In California, several “wind farms” supply electricity to homes around Los Angeles．
The propellors are large, to obtain energy from the largest possible volume of air．The blades can be angled to cope with varying wind speeds．Some designs use vertical turbines （垂直涡轮机）, which don’t need to be turned to face the wind．The towers are tall, to get the propellors as high as possible, up to where the wind is stronger．This means that the land beneath can still be used for farming．
1．The first paragraph aims to introduce to us _______．
A．the function of wind power B．the source of wind power
C．the nations using wind power D．the history of using wind power
2．The best places for building the wind farm are places where _______．
A．boats and caravans can often be seen B．isolated farms don’t have enough electricity
C．there are less human activities D．the wind is strong and reliable
3．We can infer from the passage that _______．
A．wind farms will not take up too much farming land
B．wind farms need no fuel because wind is free
C．the blades can be angled to turn to face the wind wherever it comes from
D．the higher and larger the towers are, the stronger the wind is
4．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．Where to build a wind farm． B．ABC of the using of wind energy．
C．How to make best use of wind． D．Wind energy is the best energy．
Although the weathermen’s forecasts for a month ahead are only little better than guesswork, they are now making long-term forecasts into the next century with growing confidence. The main trend in the world’s climate in the coming years will, scientists say, be a predictable result of man’s activities.
At the start of the industrial revolution nearly two centuries ago, man set off a big experiment in planetary engineering. Unaware of what he was doing, he spared no thought for the consequences. Today the possible outcome is alarmingly clear, but the experiment is unstoppable. Within the lifetime of many of us, the Earth may become warmer than it has been for a thousand years. By the middle of this century it may be warmer than it has been since the last Ice Age.
A warmer climate may seem welcome, but it could bring many dangers： damages to crops in the world’s main food-producing areas, famine(饥荒), economic instability, civil unrest and even war.
In the much longer term, melting of the great ice-caps of Greenland and Antarctica could raise sea-levels throughout the world. The average sea-level has already risen a foot since the turn of the last century, and if the ice-caps disappear completely, it would rise by nearly 200 feet. Complete melting might take many centuries, but even a small increase in sea-level would threaten low-lying parts of the world such as the Netherlands.
44. Long-term weather forecasts beyond the year 2050 may seem strange because ____.
A. none of us will be alive then
B. weathermen can even forecast next month’s weather correctly
C. weathermen can forecast much better than they used to
D. no one can stop engineering experiments
45. Weathermen believe that our future climate will be the direct result of ____.
A. the big scientific experiment B. clever long-term forecasts
C. the melting of the ice-caps D. planets changing course
46. One of the results of a warmer world climate could be ____.
A. an increase in food production
B. greater co-operation between countries
C. the death of millions of people from starvation
D. a reduction in the amount of oil we use
47. Scientists are fairly sure that by the year 2050, _______.
A. the sea-level will have risen obviously
B. there will have been the Third World War
C. most countries will have been flooded
D. the polar ice-caps will have melted completely
Hi, everybody! Welcome to our newly-opened Richards Cinema Bookstore!
Now let me introduce to you some of the new film books in our store. Are you Chinese film fans? OK, here comes the latest 25 New Takes about Chinese films. It is a collection of 25 fresh readings of different Chinese films from the 1930s to the present. In recent years, Chinese films are very popular in the States, such as Crouching Tiger and Hidden Dragon, Hero, and Flowers of Shanghai.
Do you like French films? Well, here is The French Cinema Book. It covers French films from the 1890s to the beginning of the 21st century. It is written for all lovers of French cinema: students and teachers, specialists and fans, and so on.
Maybe you are Indian film fans and star-chasers. Then here is Encyclopedia(百科全书) of Indian Cinema. The book is a complete introduction to all the best Indian films. It also offers a full list of names of the famous and successful film stars in the past ten years. You know, the Indian film industry is the largest in the world after our Hollywood.
If you like British films, we have The British Cinema Book. It is a good review of British cinema. This book contains a good many nice pictures.
In our bookstore, you can also find books about Mexican, Japanese, Australian, German and Italian films.
Well, please help yourselves to some coffee or tea, and have a good time here!
40. The speaker of the passage is most probably ____.
A. the author of 25 New Takes B. a client in the cinema bookstore
C. the manager of the cinema bookstore
D. a reader of Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema
41. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Indian cinema industry is second only to Hollywood.
B. The British Cinema Book includes a complete list of names of stars.
C. Crouching Tiger and Hidden Dragon is well received in the States.
D. The French Cinema Book covers over a century’s French films.
42. The purpose of the speaker is to ____.
A. satisfy the customers’ various tastes
B. keep the authors popular with the readers
C. offer the clients chances to meet the film stars
D. turn the readers into film producers
43. The speaker of this passage most probably comes from ____.
A. England B. India C. China D. America
We’d been flying for hours, deeper and deeper into the desert of southeastern Niger. The mission: to find what is probably the last wild population of the great Saharan antelope called the addax (旋角羚)—the most endangered animal of its size in Africa.
Pilot Peter Ragg flew our bright red helicopter low over two parallel dunes (沙丘). The pale sand below us was dotted by the black bushes, the plants that are favorite food for the addax. Then, almost as if the dune extruded (使突出) them, two perfect addaxes appeared. Their long tails swung from side to side as they ran, heads held high on thick necks, horns reaching for the sky. We made a few turns in the plane, then let them be. In just a few seconds they were swallowed again by the Sahara. Soon they could just as easily disappear from the planet.
In September 2004 the government of Niger and a small NGO called SOS Faune du Niger surveyed this last known pocket of wild addaxes. They counted 128 individuals. Since then, the number has dropped as hunters have taken more for meat. How many addaxes remain in the Sahara is anybody’s guess, but those that do survive could be considered the living dead: There may not be a viable (能生存的) population left to reproduce.
I’m now helping to make an emergency plan for the last wild addaxes. With a few hundred thousand dollars, some trucks, and a strong group with the local Toubou guides, we may just be able to save these guys from extinction.
36. What do the addaxes in the passage usually eat?
A. Vegetables. B. Black bushes. C. Grass. D. Fruits.
37. All of the following descriptions of the addax are true EXCEPT that ____.
A. its tail is long B. its neck is thick
C. its legs are short D. its horns are long
38. What does the writer probably mean by saying that “There may not be a viable population left to reproduce”?
A. Wild addaxes will die out soon unless effective measures are taken.
B. The number of wild addaxes will increase if they are not hunted.
C. Wild addaxes cannot support themselves any longer.
D. Humans cannot survive without enough addaxes.
39. It can be inferred that the writer of the passage might be ____.
A. a journalist B. an official C. an engineer D. a zoologist
It doesn't take a rocket scientist long time to figure out that there are better things you could do for your health than take deep breaths on a smoggy（烟雾的）day. A growing pile of research suggests that even relatively low levels of air pollution may be more harmful than previously realized, to both heart and lungs(肺). The latest articles from researchers, published this week in the New England Journal of Medicine, focuses on how particulate (微粒) matter from air pollution affects lung function.
“The effect of low levels of particulate pollution found in many urban areas is not unlike secondhand smoke,” experts say. Studies show that short-term effects from particulates include diminished（减少） lung function, coughing, wheezing, and heart attacks. Long-term exposure can also slow normal lung growth, damage lung airways, and increase the risk of dying from lung cancer.
Certain populations, such as the very old and the very young, are the most vulnerable to air pollution. However, even the most alarming studies conducted in the most polluted areas suggest that the average person's individual risk from exposure (暴露) is very slight. Relative risk numbers often seem more frightening than they actually are. For example, an earlier study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled ( 成为3倍) the risk of heart attacks in heart-attack survivors.
Short of moving to the countryside or at least away from busy roads, shielding yourself from the effects of air pollution is not easy. Masks won't work. “At the very least,” suggests Murray Mittleman, a cardiologist at Harvard University, “people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.”
66. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?
A. Rocket scientists are making researches on people’s health.
B. It's obvious that air pollution has a bad effect on people’s health.
C. People aren't sure whether taking deep breaths on a smoggy day is bad.
D. People often have a hard time when taking deep breaths on a smoggy day.
67. The word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.
A. easy to be hurtB. easy to be protected
C. easy to be usedD. easy to be saved
68. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _________.
A. that even small risk from particulate causes big problems
B. that air pollution often leads to heart attack
C. who are most likely to get affected
D. that we shouldn't worry about the average low risk
69. In order to be healthier, you'd better _________.
A. take deep breaths B. wear a mask
C. live in a countryside D. clean the busy road
70. The passage is written in a(n) _________ tone.
A. subjective B. humorousC. doubtful D. objective
Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer, saying studies showed a clear link. “Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake (吸入，摄入), through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr. Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.
Garland's research team reviewed 63 studies, including several large long-term ones, on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004. “There's nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said, urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增强) foods with vitamin D. Garland is part of a University of California at San Diego Moores Cancer Center team that published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health. Vitamin D is found in milk, as well as in some fortified orange juice, yogurt and cheeses, usually at around 100 international units（IU）a serving. “People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1000 IUs per day” Garland said， adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.
The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.
“African Americans, who don't produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour, could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.
61. According to the passage, people are advised to take more Vitamin D, because__.
A. it is nutritious B. it can‘t harm people’s health
C. it can lower cancer risk D. it is not taken enough every day
62. Which of the following can not help people get more Vitamin D?
A. Have some sunshine B. Have more meat
C. Have more fortified cheese D. Have a vitamin supplement
63.Who can Garland probably be?
A. A health researcherB. A doctor
C. A scientistD. A public health official
64.Which of the following food can lower people‘s chance of getting cancer?
A. MilkB. Fortified orange juice
C. Fortified yogurtD. All of the above
65.People from which area should take more Vitamin D according to the passage?
A. Asian peopleB. African people
C. American peopleD. European people