. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, 71 .
Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term “friendship” . In all cases ,two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that ,the degree of closeness between them and the reasons for their interest in each other change greatly.
At the beginning, much depends on how people meet ,and on good first impressions .As we get to know people, 72 . Although these factors are not of the greatest importance ,it is more difficult to have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background.
Then, 73 . Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than ordinary friends .Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness ,and it is because they may give the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty making friends . A friendly look with a wrong facial expression can turn into an unfriendly stare ,and nervousness may be wrongly understood as unfriendliness.
Some friendly relationships are a result of argument and discussion ,but it is usual for close friends to have the same ideas and beliefs , the same opinion and interests. The more closely involved people become ,the more they depend on each other. And 74 . Equally ,friends have to learn to make allowances for each oth
er ,to put up with annoying habits ,and to accept differences in opinion.
In contrast with marriage, 75 . But the support and understanding that results from shared 
experiences and affections does seem to create a close and lasting relationship.
| A．we are usually friends with only a very few |
| B．many factors can affect friendship and relationship |
| C．people want to do friends favors and hate to let them down |
| D．argument and discussion can improve personal relationships |
E．we consider things like age ,race ,looks ,economic and social status , etc
F．we pay attention to actual behavior ,facial expression ,and the way a person speaks
G．there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people
It was a physical class. But it was nothing like previous ones — the class was “attended”
by over 60 million students across China, and the teacher was not even on the planet: she was 340 kilometers above the earth.
“Hello, everyone. I’m Wang Yaping. I’ll host your lecture today.” Smiling to the camera, Wang, China’s second female astronaut, started her video class on June 20 on board the Tiangong-1 space station.
To show how Newton’s Laws work in space, Wang and her fellow astronauts used simple items like balls and spinning tops. The highlight of the lecture was when Wang made a film of water using a metal ring, something that only happens in zero gravity, where the surface tension(张力) of water is much higher than it is on the earth. She then took it a step further by pouring more water onto the film and turning it into a water ball, leaving the audience amazed by what they saw.
The 40-minute lesson seemed to have passed too quickly for students to see enough of those magical experiments. But sending stuff into space is really expensive. According to The Beijing Times, every kilogram launched into space cost 20,000 dollars. The experimental items taken this time were all strictly selected and weighed about 2.9 kilograms in total. This adds up to quite a large price tag.
The organizers of the event also had to consider the time of day: the communication signal between the earth and Tiangong-1 was best during that specific 40 minutes, when the spacecraft was flying within the coverage of all of the ground-based testing stations.Why is the class different from a common one?
| A．Because it took 40 minutes. |
| B．Because over 60 million students across the world attended it. |
| C．Because the teacher was on the planet. |
| D．Because the lecturer was in space. |
One of the experiments shows .
| A．object motion under weight conditions |
| B．laws of physics under weightless conditions |
| C．laws of physics under weight conditions |
| D．how Newton’s Laws work on the earth |
Which phrase can best replace the underlined words in the passage?
| A．took a photo of water. |
| B．recorded moving pictures of water. |
| C．made a thin layer of water. |
| D．all the above. |
Which of the following statements can be the best title of the passage?
| A．Teaching from the Sky. | B．Teaching on Physics. |
| C．Teaching Experiments. | D．Teaching by an Astronaut. |
阅读使人充实，阅读对于每个人的成长至关重要。请认真阅读下面的引言(quotation)，按要求用英语写一篇短文。
Reading makes a full man．一Francis Bacon
内容要求：
1．你对该引言的理解；
2．举例说明；
3．恰当的结尾。
注意：
1．短文开头己给出，不计入总词数；
2．文中不能出现考生的具体信息；
3．词数：120左右。
As Francis Bacon puts it，reading makes a full man．
Will money make kids pass exams? A new report says___________(承诺)children money does not help exam grades．It could be a
wof money using cash to get kids to study more．
____________, taking kids on a trip somewhere nice could encourage them to
______________,(努力)and do better at sch001．Of 10,000 pupils
_________ (调查)in the research，there has been an improvement in class work and homework，but this does not result in better test scores．
Lead researcher Dr．Burgess suggests the research doesn’t look at the things________,really get kids to increase their effort．He adds that clearly some kids believe that education is a way to
a ,their dreams, but there are other kids who think one’s efforts make little
d , These kids might think exam success is because
___________ genes and their family background．Education expert Dr．Collins holds the view that what really
m , is how students are taught．Good teachers are better than rewards，especially for children from low-income families．
In China，cultural differences arose from growing rice or wheat．Different thinking styles between northern and southern Chinese people can trace(追溯)their roots to rice fields and wheat fields．
Rice farming promotes a holistic(整体的)focus on distinguishing relationships among people and objects，and valuing others as much as or more than oneself, say psychologist Thomas Talhelm of the University of Virginia and his colleagues．Holistic thinking among many modem Chinese people partly reflects regional histories of building communal irrigation systems(共有灌溉系统)and cooperatively planting and harvesting rice fields over thousands of years．
They draw that conclusion based on studies of college students from regions with different agricultural practices．Students from southern and central China’s rice．growing provinces think holistically, even though they have probably never farmed rice，Talhelm’s group reports．In contrast，students from northern and central Chinese provinces that have specialized in wheat growing exhibit a preference for abstract analysis and self over others，the scientists find．Wheat is less labor-intensive(劳动密集型)to grow than rice，SO farmers can plant and harvest crops without much help from neighbors．Analytical，individualistic thinking is not more common among students from richer
Provinces, contrary to the argument that this attitude springs from modernization. ”Rice theory might explain why East Asia is so much less individualistic than expected based on its wealth, ” Talhelm says.
Talhelm，s team tested 1,162 Chinese students，who Viewed lists of three items，such as a rabbit，a dog and a carrot. For each list，students chose two items that belonged together. Earlier research found that analytical thinkers often group items according to categories，so rabbits and dogs go together．Holistic thinkers tend to 1ook for relationships，such as rabbits eating carrots. Students from rice-growing areas made an average of around seven to nine holistic matches of 10 possible matches，compared with roughly f1ve to seven holistic matches for those from Wheat-growing areas.
Talhelm’s team also analyzed national statistics in China from 1 996，2000 and 2010 and found a higher divorce rate and a greater number of successful patents for new inventions in wheat-growing provinces than in rice-growing provinces. That trend is in line with the ides that analytical thinking develops both individualism and creativity.People who think holistically probably_____________.
| A．come from wheat—growing areas |
| B．1ive in northern and central China |
| C．rely more on themselves |
| D．think of others before themselves |
Which of the following statements is true?
| A．East Asia is poorer than the other areas of Asia. |
| B．Modernization contributes to analytic al thinking. |
| C．Analytical thinkers tend to pick out items by type. |
| D．Richer people show more individualistic thinking. |
The author develops the passage mainly by____________.
| A．making comparisons |
| B．listing examples |
| C．telling his personal experience |
| D．presenting problem and solution |
What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．Cultural differences in China |
| B．1isting examples |
| C．Chinese people tracing their roots |
| D．Farming influences thinking styles |
The passages below discuss the retirement age．
Passage 1：
In the United States，the financial crisis has left the country with 11 million fewer jobs than Americans need now．No matter how tough the policy ,we are not going to find 11 million new jobs soon．So common sense suggests we should make some decisions about who should come first：older people，who have already worked three or four decades at hard jobs? Or younger people，many just out of school，with fresh skills and ambitions?
The answer is obvious．Older people who would like to retire and would do so if they could afford it should get some help．The right step is to reduce，not increase，the retirement age．As a rough cut，why not make it a law to set a three—year window during which the age for receiving full Social Security benefits would drop to 62——providing a voluntary ,one—time，grab-it-now bonus for leaving work? Let them go home! With a secure pension(退休金)and medical care，they will be happier．Young people who need work will be happier．And there will also be more jobs．With pension security, older people will consume services until the end of their lives．They will become．each and every one，an employer．
Passage 2：
Too many people see longer working lives as a worry rather than an opportunity—and not just because they are going to be chained to their desks．Some worry that there will not be enough jobs to go around．This misunderstanding，known to economists as the“lump of labour fallacy(劳动总量固定的谬论)”，was once used to argue that women should stay at home and leave all the jobs for breadwinning males．Now lump-of-labourites say that keeping the old at work would deprive(剥夺)the young of employment．The idea that society can become
better-off by paying more of its citizens to be idle(无所事事的)is clearly ridiculous．On that reasoning，if the retirement age came down to 25 we would all be as rich as Bill Gates．In Passage 1，one reason for suggesting earlier retirement in the US is the_______
| A．tough policy | B．stable pension |
| C．high unemployment | D．free medical care |
In Passage I，the writer suggests encouraging older people to retire earlier by____________.
| A．cutting their pension if they remain at work |
| B．giving them an extra sum o f money on retiring |
| C．convincing them that young people need work |
| D．offering them a bonus each year for three years |
Lump-of-laborites believe that____________．
| A．young citizens should be better paid |
| B．the old should leave jobs for the young |
| C．males should earn bread for the family |
| D．earlier retirement will lead to a poorer society |
What is the author’s attitude towards earlier retirement in Passage 2?
| A．Negative． | B．Positive． |
| C．Unconcerned． | D．Tolerant． |