第二部分：阅读理解
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Almost 40 years ago , a community servies organization started providing eye care in Gujarat State , in western India .
The Rgtary Club of Navsari operates an eye hospital and 9 area eye centers in and around Navssri , whose services are for the poorest people . The group opened the hospital , the Rotary Eye Institute of Navsari , in 1970 . India has only about one ophthalmologist for every 120,000 people . The Institute , however , has ten such specially trained eye doctors . It has restored or improved the eyesight of thousands of patients . Many people with eye problems cannot easily get to a big city for examinations and treatment . They live in villages and have no transportation. The Institute established eye centers called camps in places far from the city . Teams from it travel as far as 150 kilometers to see patients . People go to their nearest camp , where medical workers examine their eyes . The workers look for conditions including glaucoma , night blindness and other problems.Some people are found to have cataracts ,abnormal growths on the eye that can lead to loss of eyesight . India has about 13 million people with the condition . Cataract patients get free operations to correct the problem.
Rotary groups also operate eye banks . Doctors at these centers replace damaged eyes with the healthy eyes of donors who have just died . One such center is the Rotary Rajah Eye Bank . It operates in cooperation with the Rajah Eye Care Hospital in Chennai . The Eye Bank opened in 1996 . Hundreds of patients have received new corneas from donors since then . The cornea is the clear front part of the eye that transmits light . 2 million people in India are blind because of problens of the cornea . The Rotary Rajah Eye Bank holds continuing eye donation campaigns . It urges people to leave the gift of sight to others when they die .
1. Which of the following is True about the Rotary Club of Navsari ?
A.The Rotary Club of Navsari is a community service organization .
B.The Rotary Eye Institute of Navsari has only one eye doctor .
C.The Rotary Club of Navsari includes 9 area eye centers in big cities .
D.The Rotary Club of Navsari offers free operations to all the poor patients .
2.The underlined word “ophthalmologist” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A.a physician who specializes in eyes B.a worker working in countryside
C.a patient suffering eye problems D.a volunteer working in eye centers
3.We can infer from the passage that .
A.there are 13 million Indians having eye problems in total
B.the Rotary Eye Institute of Navsari is located in the center of India
C.the medical treatment is convenient for the local residents
D.communications in Navsari are difficult
4.According to the last paragraph ,the Rotary Rajan Eye Bank gets new corneas mainly by_____.
A.cloning B.donating C.cooperating D.forcing
5.The author develops the passage mainly by ______.
A.providing typical examples
B.making a definition
C.comparing two different areas
D.presenting two examples and drawing a conclusion
Throughout July 1945, the Japanese mainland, from Tokyo on Honshu northward to the coast of Hokkaido, were bombed as if an invasion were about to take place. In fact, something far more threatening was at hand, as the Americans were telling Stalin at Potsdam.（伯茨坦）
In 1939 physicists in the United States had learned of experiments in Germany showing the possibility of atomic power and understood the coming damage of an atomic bomb. On August 2, 1939, Albert Einstein warned President Roosevelt of the danger of Nazi Germany’s advances in development of the atomic bomb. Eventually, the U.S. Office of Scientific Research Development was created in June 1941 and given combined responsibility with the War Department in the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear bomb. After four years of research and development efforts, an atomic device was set off on July 16, 1945, in a desert area at Alamogordo, New Mexico, producing an explosive power equal to that of more than 15,000 tons of TNT. Thus, the atomic bomb was born. Truman, the new U.S. president, believed that this terrible object might be used to defeat Japan in a way less costly of U.S. lives than an ordinary invasion of the Japanese homeland. Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration decided the matter.
On August 6, 1945, an atomic bomb, carried from Tinian Island in the Mariana in a specially equipped B-29 was dropped on Hiroshima, at the southern end of Honshu. The combined heat and explosion destroyed everything in the explosion’s immediate neighbourhood , produced fires that burned out almost 4.4 square miles completely, and killed between 70,000 and 80,000 people, in addition to injuring more than 70,000 others. A second bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, killed between 35,000 and 40,000 people, injured a like number and ruined 1.8 square miles.What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．An atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
| B．After research and development efforts, an atomic bomb was born. |
| C．An invasion was about to take place with the use of the atomic bomb. |
| D．The birth and use of the atomic bomb ended the Second World War. |
Albert Einstein warned Roosevelt of _________.
| A．Nazi Germany’ success in making an atomic bomb |
| B．the possibility of atomic power from Nazi Germany |
| C．Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration |
| D．destruction of everything from the explosion of the atomic bomb |
What made the U.S. decide to drop the atomic bombs over Japan?
| A．Truman’s becoming the president of the United States. |
| B．The great destruction power of the atomic bomb. |
| C．Reducing the cost of its lives. |
| D．Not being content with Japan’s reply. |
How many people were killed by the two bombs dropped in Japan?
| A．Between 105,000 and 120,000 people. |
| B．Between 35,000 and 40,000 people. |
| C．Between 70,000 and 80,000 people. |
| D．Between 140,000 and 150,000 people. |
A desert is a beautiful land of silence and space. The sun shines, the wind blows, and time and space seem endless. Nothing is soft. The sand and rocks are hard, and many of the plants even have hard needles instead of leaves.
The size and location of the world's deserts are always changing. Over millions of years, as climates change and mountains rise, new dry and wet areas develop. But within the last 100 years, deserts have been growing at a frightening speed. This is partly because of natural changes, but the greatest makers are humans.
Humans can make deserts, but humans can also prevent their growth. Mauritania is planting a similar wall around Nouakchott, the capital. Iran puts a thin covering of oil on sandy areas and plants trees. The oil keeps the water and small trees in the land, and men on motorcycles keep the sheep and goats away. The USSR and India are building long canals to bring water to desert areas.In this passage, the underlined word “needles” refers to ________.
| A．small, thin pieces of steel |
| B．long, thin pieces of branches |
| C．thin, hard, pointed leaf |
| D．small, thin pieces of sticks |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The greatest desert makers are human beings. |
| B．There aren't any living things in the deserts. |
| C．Deserts have been changing quickly. |
| D．The size of the deserts is always growing. |
People in some countries are fighting a battle against ________.
| A．the growth of deserts |
| B．desert climate |
| C．natural changes |
| D．the disappearance of desert |
What does the author want to tell us?
| A．Deserts are lands of hardness, silence and space. |
| B．The deserts of the world are changing from time to time. |
| C．Man is to take measures to control the growth of deserts. |
| D．Deserts have grown at a fast pace in the past 10 years. |
Years ago there was a group of kids who would hang around at some local ponds（池塘） in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island. In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldn’t wait to go skating. Time passed, and the ponds became the only open space for the kids to enjoy themselves in that neighborhood.
One day a thirteen-year-old boy from this group of kids read in the local newspaper that a developer wanted to fill in the ponds and build over a hundred small houses called apartments. So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures to stop the development. A group of citizens met and decided to support him.
At the meeting of the town planning organization，the boy was quite nervous at first and spoke very softly. But when he saw the faces of his friends and neighbors in the crowd and thought about what was happening to their favorite ponds，his voice grew louder. He told the town officials that they should speak for the citizens. He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children. A few days later，the developer stopped his plan.
Nine years later, when that teen was a senior in college, he was informed that the developer was back with his proposal to build apartments. Now twenty-two years old, he was studying wetlands ecology. He again appeared before the town planning organization. This time as an expert, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help to improve the development. Finally some apartments were built, but less than half the number the developer wanted. The ponds where those kids used to hang around were protected by a piece of natural land, and are still there today.The kids liked to ___________ at the local ponds in winter.
| A．make a snowman | B．throw snowballs |
| C．go skating | D．go skiing |
The boy thought that the town officials should be ___________ for the citizens.
| A．responsible | B．modest | C．anxious | D．thankful |
Which statement is true according to the passage?
| A．The apartments were built as the developer had planned. |
| B．The grown-up boy helped to protect the wetlands as an expert. |
| C．The developer stopped the boy’s plan at the meeting years ago. |
| D．The ponds were filled in and some apartments were built on them. |
The underlined word “restrictions” in the last paragraph probably means________.
| A．rules | B．plans |
| C．advantages | D．limitations |
Do you love your holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? Your are not alone.
Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods, Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. That idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you.
Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a feast(宴会), have a small, low-fat snack（小吃）. This may help to keep you away from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.
Better not have high-fat foods. Dished that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.
Choose lean meat（瘦肉）. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints（薄荷） and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate .
Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess（过多的） calories.
| A．bring weight problems |
| B．bring you much trouble in your life |
| C．make you worried about your foods |
| D．make you hate delicious foods |
| A．drink much water and have vegetables only |
| B．not eat the food in high fat |
| C．no t accept invitations to feasts |
| D．turn away from delicious foods |
| A．vegetables | B．water |
| C．calories of energy | D．physical exercise |
| A．enjoy delicious foods |
| B．go to many feasts |
| C．can’t control themselves . |
| D．can’t help turning away from the foods |
| A．how to eat properly during holidays |
| B．what you should remember in a feast |
| C．how to control your weight during holidays |
| D．the benefits of doing sports during holidays |
The Internet has become part of teenage life. There’s a report on 3375 students in seven Chinese cities. It says that 38% of them believe they use the Internet often. While most of them get useful information and use the Internet to help in their studies, some are not using it in a good way. Many are playing online games too much. A few even visit websites they should not look at. Bad things can happen if young people spend too much time on the Internet.
In order to help young people use the Internet in a good way, a textbook has been used in some Shanghai middle schools this term. It uses real examples to teach students all about good ways of using the Internet. It gives useful advice such as it’s good to read news or find helpful information to study. Some students also make online friends.
Teachers and parents all think the book is a very good idea. It will teach students how to be a good person in the online world. It will be a guide for teens using the Internet and keep students away from bad sites.
| A．38% | B．most | C．many | D．a few |
| A．With real examples. | B．With pictures. |
| C．With music. | D．With tapes. |
| A．Read news. | B．Find information. |
| C．Make friends. | D．Watch films. |
| A．It’s a very good idea. |
| B．It’s a foolish idea. |
| C．It keeps students looking at bad sites. |
| D．It can’t teach students how to be good. |
| A．all the students can use the Internet in a right way |
| B．when the teenagers use the Internet, they don’t need any guidance |
| C．The Internet plays an important part in teenagers’ lives |
| D．The Internet can always be good for teenagers |