BMeltsAwayBodyfatLikeMagicOkum-优题课

Television is a relatively stable advertising medium. In many ways, the television ads today are almost the same to those two decades ago. Most television ads still feature actors, still run 30 or 60 seconds, and still show a product. However, the different medium of the Internet causes unique challenges to advertisers, forcing them to adapt their practices and techniques.
In the early days of Internet marketing, online advertisers used banner (框式广告) and pop-up ads (弹出式广告) to attract customers. These techniques reached large audiences, led to many sales leads, and came at a low cost. However, a small number of Internet users began to consider these advertising techniques annoying. Yet because marketing strategies relying heavily on banners and pop-ups produced results, companies invested growing amounts of money into purchasing these ad types. As consumers became more complicated, frustration with these online advertising techniques grew. Independent programmers began to develop tools that blocked banner and pop-up ads.
A major development in online marketing came with the introduction of pay-per-click ads. Unlike banner or pop-up ads, which originally required companies to pay every time a website visitor saw an ad, pay-per-click ads allowed companies to pay only when an interested potential customer clicked on an ad. More importantly, however, these ads are not affected by the pop-up and banner blockers. As a result of these advantages and the incredible growth in the use of search engines, which provide excellent places for pay-per-click advertising, a great number of companies began turning to pay-per-click marketing. However, as with the banner and pop-up ads, pay-per-click ads came with their shortcomings. When companies began pouring billions of dollars into this emerging medium, online advertising specialists started to notice the presence of what would later be called click fraud (欺诈): representatives of a company with no interest in the product advertised by a competitor click on the competitor’s ads simply to increase the marketing cost of the competitor. Click fraud grew so rapidly that marketers sought to diversify (摆脱) their online positions away from pay-per-click marketing through new mediums.
Although pay-per-click advertising remains a common and effective advertising tool, marketers adapted yet again to the changing elements of the Internet by adopting new techniques such as pay-per-performance advertising. As the pace of the Internet’s evolution increases, it seems all the more likely that advertising successfully on the Internet will require a strategy that avoids constancy (持续性) and welcomes change.
What is the main idea of the passage?

A．The pace of the Internet’s evolution is increasing and will only increase in the future.

B．Internet advertising fails to reach Internet users, causing ads to be blocked.

C．The Internet has experienced dramatic changes in short periods of time.

D．Rapid development of the Internet calls for new advertising strategies and mediums.

As an advertising medium, the television and the Internet mainly differ in ________.

A．the type of individual each medium reaches

B．whether the medium is interactive

C．the pace at which the medium develops

D．the cost of advertising with each medium

According to the passage, which of the following is a typical click fraud?

A．Using software to block competitors’ advertisements.

B．Clicking on the pay-per-click ads of competitors.

C．Clicking on the banner advertisements of opponent companies.

D．Using search engine to attack the pages of competitors.

What does the author imply about the future of pay-per-performance advertising?

A．It will eventually become less popular just like other forms of Internet advertising.

B．It will not face shortcomings due to its differing approach to online marketing.

C．Internet users will develop free software to block its effectiveness.

D．Although it improves on pay-per-click advertising, it still suffers from click fraud.

Winter begins in the north on December 22^nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months. Squirrels (松鼠), for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.
They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees. The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels. The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.
Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. But they seldom remember where they buried every nut. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. Professor Swihart calls “death traps for seeds”.
Gray squirrels are native to Indiana. But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century.
The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees. They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana. Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.
The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is to ________.

A．find out the living conditions for squirrels

B．learn squirrels’ influence on black walnut trees

C．do something to get rid of squirrels

D．save the forests in the American state of Indiana

The difference between gray squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies in ________.

A．the way they gather the walnut

B．the time they have winter sleep

C．the place they have winter sleep

D．the place they store the walnuts

When Professor Swihart says “death traps for seeds”, he actually means that ________.

A．red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels

B．gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights

C．nuts above the ground will not develop into plants

D．seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest

According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A．The black walnut is equally attractive to both gray and red squirrels.

B．Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels.

C．Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees.

D．The cleaning of forest land benefits red squirrels directly.

Benin is one of the smallest African states. It lies in West Africa on the Gulf (海湾) of Guinea, to the south of Burkina Faso and Niger, between Togo on the west and Nigeria on the east.
Benin used to be called Dahomey and was controlled and ruled by France from 1893 to 1960, when it became independent. In 1963 the army general Soglo overthrew (推翻) the first president Maga. Soglo set up an army government and called himself head of state in 1965, but was overthrown and replaced by a civilian (非军人) government in 1967. In December 1969 Benin had another change of power with the army again taking over. In May 1970, Maga and two other men set up a new government, with each of them acting as president in turn for two years. However, half a year after Maga turned over power to the second man Ahomadegbe, the three-man government was overthrown by the army once more and General Kerekou became president. In November 1975 Kerekou changed the name of the nation from Dahomey to Benin, Benin being the name of a 17th century kingdom covering the same place. Kerekou also announced that Benin would be a People’s Republic based on Marxism-Leninism.
Which of the following maps shows rightly the positions of Benin and its neighbouring countries?

Bn="Benin;"
Tg="Togo;"
Nr="Niger;"
BF="Burkina" Faso;
Na="Nigeria;"
GG="Gulf" of Guinea
For how long was Benin an independent state before it became a People’s Republic?

A．30 years.	B．25 years.
C．20 years.	D．15 years.

Choose the right order in which the following people ruled in Benin. (Ah="Ahomadegbe;" Ke="Kerekou;" Ma="Maga;" So=Soglo)

A．Ma, So, Ma, Ke, Ah	B．So, Ma, Ah, Ma, Ke
C．Ma, So, Ma, Ah, Ke	D．So, Ma, Ke, Ma, Ah

When and how did Benin get its two names — Benin and Dahomey?

A．Benin was its oldest name. The name Dahomey was used later, but has been replaced by Benin again.

B．Dahomey was its oldest name, but it has been replaced by Benin.

C．Dahomey was its oldest name. The name Benin was used later, but has been replaced by Dahomey again.

D．Benin was its oldest name, but it has been replaced by Dahomey.

On April 1st, Mike decided to fool(愚弄) his friends.
At lunch time he said to Tom, “I think we’re going to have a test this afternoon.” “Test?” said Tom, “Really?”
“Yes, it’s quite true,” said Mike. “When I was passing by Mr. Green’s room, he was talking with another teacher about the test. Tell John, Rose and Joan about it.”
Later Tom told them about the test. Soon almost all the students knew about it. “How foolish they are!” he thought.
When class began, Mr. Green said, “Class, we’re going to have a test today.” Mike was surprised. The test was too hard for him. After class, all his classmates thanked him very much. But he could only smile. “How foolish I was !”he thought.
It really was April Fools’ Day for Mike.
Mike decided to fool his friends because ________ .

A．they were talking about the test

B．they began to prepare (准备) their lessons

C．it was April Fools’ Day

D．they were foolish

________ his classmates believe (相信) him before class.

A．Almost all	B．None of
C．Only a few	D．Some of

Mike didn’t prepare his lessons because _______

A．he didn’t like to

B．it was his holiday

C．he thought the test was easy for him

D．he believed there wasn’t going to be a test

Mike was surprised to see ________ .

A．the test was too hard for him

B．the teacher really gave them a test

C．Tom didn’t believe him

D．his classmates were so foolish

Which of the following is wrong?

A．Mike thought he himself was foolish.

B．All his classmates thanked him.

C．Mr. Green was talking with another teacher about the test.

D．Nearly everyone knew the test before long(不久).

Tom was going home at five yesterday. He got on a bus. A mother with her little boy was sitting nearby. Suddenly the boy cried. His mother tried her best to make the boy stop crying. But the boy would not do so. At last Tom said angrily, “Oh, how that boy cried! Why don’t you give him what he wanted?” “I would if I could." answered the mother quietly,“But he wanted your cap.”
What time was Tom going home yesterday?

A．At four

B．At five

C．At six

D．At seven

Who was sitting near Tom on the bus?

A．An old man with his little girl	B．A young woman
C．A woman with her little boy	D．A young man

The mother tried her best to make the boy ______.

A．wake up

B．go to sleep

C．not talk much

D．stop crying

When the boy cried, Tom ______

A．was very angry	B．was very hungry
C．was very happy	D．did not hear this

Why was the boy crying?

A．Because he wanted something to eat

B．Because he wanted to get off the bus.

C．Because he wanted to go home

D．Because he wanted Tom's cap