When we’re little, our mother is the center of our attention, and we are the center of hers. So our mother’s characteristics leave an indelible(持久的)impression, and we are forever attracted to people with her facial features, body type, personality, even sense of humor. If our mother is warm and giving, as adults we tend to be attracted to people who are warm and giving. If our mother is strong and even-tempered, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates.
The mother has an additional influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general. So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that’s the way women are. They will probably grow up to be warm and responsive lovers and also be cooperative around the house.
Conversely, a mother who has a depressive personality, and is sometimes friendly but then suddenly turns cold and rejecting, may raise a man who becomes a “dance-away lover”. Because he’s been so scared about love from his mother, he’s afraid of commitment and may pull away from a girlfriend for this reason.
While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it’s the father—the first male in our lives—who influences how we relate to the opposite sex. Fathers have an enormous effect on their children’s personalities and chances of marital happiness.
Just as mothers influence their son’s general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men. If a father lavishes praise on his daughter and demonstrates that she is a worthwhile person, she’ll feel very good about herself in relation to men. But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she’s not very lovable or attractive.
In addition, most of us grow up with people of similar social circumstances. We hang around with people in the same town; our friends have about the same educational backgrounds and career goals. We tend to be most comfortable with these people, and therefore we tend to link up with others whose families are often much like our own.Why do our mother’s characteristics leave us an indelible impression?
| A．Because we are likely to be attracted to people with her characteristics. |
| B．Because the mother and her child are the centers of each other when her child is very young. |
| C．Because our mother is better than our dad. |
| D．Because our mother is a woman who is kind to us. |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．If our mother is warm and giving, we love to be together with warm and generous people. |
| B．If our mother is strong and well-controlled, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates. |
| C．Mother not only gives her children clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general. |
| D．Fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men. |
What does the underlined word “lavishes” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
| A．Uses much. | B．Uses little. | C．Never uses. | D．Seldom uses. |
What does the passage mainly talk about?
| A．Mothers’ influence on their sons. |
| B．Parents’ influence on their children. |
| C．Parents’ impression on their children. |
| D．Fathers’ influence on their daughters. |
The first day of school always goes wrong. For many students in the United States, however, this year it was even more so. It was all due to one extra school policy – they are now required to follow a new standardized dress code.
According to the handbooks of all high schools in Allentown, Pennsylvania, students must wear short- or long-sleeve polo shirts and khaki (卡其色) or black pants. Skinny jeans, leggings and open-toe shoes are not allowed.
Allentown schools are not alone. At Edgewater High School in Florida, shirts must have collars or sleeves, and pants must not sag (下垂) and reach at least mid-thigh (大腿中部). No see-through shirts or T- shirts with references to sex on them are allowed.
Overall, more than half of US public schools now enforce dress codes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. About 57 percent of schools now have a “strict dress code”, up from more than 47 percent a decade earlier, USA Today said.
Among young people, there are mixed emotions. Some don’t mind wearing similar clothes every day while others aren’t happy. Despite dress codes in many school districts, some students still come to school – even on their first day – in skirts that are too short, necklines that are too low and sagging pants that don’t stay up on their hips.
But there are punishments. If they are out of dress code, students can be removed from the classroom until they fix the problem. In Florida, wearing sagging pants is illegal for youths according to a state law issued in 2011. Breaking the rule results in not being able to do after-school activities, and even being forbidden to attend class.
Some US schools go further and require students to wear uniforms. Many say that they simplify their jobs, saving teachers from having to punish students for wearing skirts or shorts that are too short, for instance. They can also prevent feelings of competition and envy among students.
“It takes away the daily fashion show and helps level the playing field a little bit with the haves and have-nots,” longtime school safety consultant Ken Trump told USA Today.
Critics of uniforms say they rob students of individuality. But for some people, that’s a lazy argument.
“Clothing isn’t the only form of self-expression. Students should know that it’s what they do that counts,” commented a parent named Beth Kassab in The Orlando Sentinel in Florida.According to the new standardized dress code, students in the US are allowed to wear.
| A．knee-length pants |
| B．shirts without sleeves |
| C．transparent T-shirts |
| D．jeans sticking to skin |
What is the main idea of Para 5?
| A．What the new dress code is. |
| B．How students dressed themselves. |
| C．What punishments students may receive. |
| D．How students responded to the code. |
Students in some US schools are required to wear uniforms Not to.
| A．pay less attention to their appearance |
| B．prevent comparison among students |
| C．bring out the best in students |
| D．spare teachers from punishing students for their improper dress |
What do Beth Kassab’s words imply?
| A．Uniforms limit the individuality of students. |
| B．Students should pay more attention to their behavior. |
| C．Clothing is of no importance to students. |
| D．Students should concentrate more on their study. |
Night after night, she came to tuck me in(掖好被子), even long after my childhood years. Following her longstanding custom, she'd lean down and push my long hair out of the way, then kiss my forehead.
I don't remember when it first started annoying me — her hands pushing my hair that way. But it did annoy me, for they felt work-worn and rough against my young skin. Finally, one night, I shouted at her: "Don't do that anymore — your hands are too rough!" She didn't say anything in reply. But never again did my mother close out my day with that familiar expression of her love. Lying awake long afterward, my words rang in my mind. But pride overwhelmed my conscience, and I didn't tell her I was sorry.
Time after time, with the passing years, my thoughts returned to that night. I missed my mother's hands, missed her goodnight kiss upon my forehead. Sometimes the incident seemed very close, sometimes far away. But always it appeared in the back of my mind.
Well, the years have passed, and I'm not a little girl any more. Mom is in her mid-seventies, and those hands I once thought to be so rough are still doing things for me and my family. She's been our doctor, reaching for medicine to calm a young girl's stomach or ease the pain of a boy's injured knee. She cooks the best fried chicken in the world…gets stains out of blue jeans like I never could…and still insists on dishing out ice cream at any hour of the day or night.
Through the years, my mother's hands have put in countless hours of toil, and most of hers were before automatic washers!
Now, my own children are grown and gone. Mom no longer has Dad, and on special occasions, I find myself drawn next door to spend the night with her. So it was that late on Thanksgiving Eve, as I drifted into sleep in the bedroom of my youth, a familiar hand hesitantly stole across my face to brush the hair from my forehead. Then a kiss, ever so gently, touched my brow.
In my memory, for the thousandth time, I recalled the night my surly young voice complained: “Don't do that any more —your hands are too rough!” Catching Mom's hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night. I thought she'd remember, as I did. But Mom didn't know what I was talking about. She had forgotten —and forgiven —long ago.
That night, I fell asleep with a new appreciation for my gentle mother and her caring hands. And the guilt I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.Why was the author annoyed with her mother?
| A．Her mother disturbed her rest by tucking her in. |
| B．She felt uncomfortable with her mother’s non-smooth hands. |
| C．Her mother leant down and kissed her forehead. |
| D．She was not accustomed to her mother’s action. |
Which of the following best describes the author’s mother?
| A．devoted and hardworking |
| B．caring and intelligent |
| C．thoughtful but stubborn |
| D．optimistic but careless |
We can learn from the passage that __________.
| A．The author lived separately from her mother |
| B．The author’s father has passed away |
| C．The author alone took care of her children |
| D．The author’s mother never kissed her again since that night |
What’s the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?
| A．To thank her mother’s help |
| B．To express her regret |
| C．To appreciate her mother’s love |
| D．To call up memories of her childhood. |
With only a click of the mouse, rumors can be forwarded between microblogs very quickly. As an example, recently, perceptive netizens discovered that some photos displayed on microblogs depicting Beijing’s June rainstorm had actually been fabricated.
Sina. com is one of the major internet portals(门户网站) in China with hundreds and thousands of users, and a majority of celebrities and renowned citizens have their microblog accounts on this portal. As recently as six months ago, the website decided to establish a specialized team to verify rumors and provide accurate information for its users. Tan Chao is in charge of the team.
“Before I took the job, I usually couldn’t identify what information was real and what was fake. But during the rumor verification process, we discovered that a lot of information was false, including fake photos, fake news stories and rumors that had been spread through microblogs.”
It‘s not just website portals which are taking on fact-checking responsibilities, but also a number of civic-minded netizens, who recently set up a Rumor Verification Federation on Sina.com’s microblog system to help netizens identify fake information online.
Dianzizheng is the team leader of the federation. He says they’ve publicized more than 150 pieces which refute rumors, which attracted more than 10 thousand visitors within two months.
“We live in an age of new media, so we can’t use the old methods to verify rumors. We can’t wait for the media to verify the facts with related administrative departments and then release a formal announcement. We can’t allow rumors to run rampant and then deal with it, we need to fight rumors while they’re spreading. I think that this is the best way to deal with rumors nowadays.”
Some experts say this demonstrates the advantages of the internet compared to other traditional media. The open platform allows information to be examined and clarified by netizens. But experts like Ding Wenguo, President of the Journalism and Communication College at the China University of Political Science and Law says this self-correction function of the internet is still quite limited.
“It’s still quite difficult to tell which information is true in such an open environment by just reading a number of different opinions on the same issue. This is something which we need to pay attention to. If society is deluged with too much false information, and it’s allowed to spread in such a fast manner, then people will be suspicious of all kinds of information including important information from authorities. It also exacerbates(恶化) problems relating to social communications and mutual-understanding, which in turn harms society as a whole.”
Experts suggest that the government should react more quickly in the internet age. Once a rumor begins to spread, administrative departments should make announcements as early as possible to dispel rumors before they lead to bad outcomes.Sina.com decided to found a specialized team to ____.
| A．limit the number of microblogs |
| B．advance the development of microblogs |
| C．prevent the spread of rumors on the Internet |
| D．urge the government to react quickly to the rumors |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
| A．All the rumors have been spread through microblogs. |
| B．Sina.com is the most popular Internet portal in China. |
| C．The photos displayed on microblogs might be fake. |
| D．Traditional media tend to get rumors examined and clarified. |
The underlined word "fabricated" in the first paragraph can be replaced by "__".
| A．dug out | B．made up |
| C．got round | D．given away |
The writer cited Ding Wenguo's words in Paragraph 8 to __.
| A．draw a conclusion | B．support an argument |
| C．introduce a topic | D．describe a scene |
Have you read " 'To Kill a Mockingbird’ The only novel by Harper Lee offers moral lessons about racial justice and respect．It tells the story of a young girl named Scout and her father, Atticus Finch, a lawyer．He defends a black man ．
Tom Robinson wrongfully accused of raping（强奸）
a white woman．In the end, an all-white- jury （陪审团）sentences Tom Robinson to death． The book is set in the American, South in the 1930s．
But it came out on July11th, 1960 as the civil rights movement in the United States was gaining strength.
Laws and customs in the South, however, still kept blacks and whites mostly separated．
A mockingbird is a land of gray songbird．The book
gets its title from something Atticus Finch was told in his
childhood when his father gave him a gun. Atticus Finch said, "I remember when my daddy first gave me that gun, he told me that I should never point at anything in the house, and that I could shoot all the blue jays I wanted, if I could hit them．But remember, it was a sin （罪过） to kill a mockingbird, for they don't hurt anyone, they just make music．"
Some people said, " 'To Kill a Mockingbird' treats racism in a way that is simplisite（过分单纯化的）, even offensive to blacks, and out of date in today's America．" Still, it has been translated into more than forty languages and has sold over forty million copies. It is often required reading in high schools. Harper Lee won a Pulitzer Prize in America in 1961 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom of the United States for her contribution to literature in 2007.
The story takes place in a town that Harper Lee called Maycomb. But she based the characters on real people she knew growing up．Since then her hometown Monroeville has changed a lot．A number of African-Americans serve m the local government．The courthouse, made famous by the book, is now a museum．A small shop and a fast-food restaurant called Mel's Dairy Dream have replaced Harper Lee's childhood home．
We can learn from the passage that Harper Lee __．
| A．has written more than-one novel in her life |
| B．lived in a town called Maycomb as a child |
| C．had been awarded two prizes in America by 2007 |
| D．likes a mockingbird very much that makes music |
According to the passage, __ in the novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” is compared to a Mockingbird．
| A．Harper Lee | B．Scout |
| C．Attricus Finch | D．Tom Robison |
What is the main idea of the 4th paragraph?
| A．A mockingbird doesn't hurt anyone at all． |
| B．To tell readers how the novel gets its title, |
| C．A mockingbird is a kind of gray songbird． |
| D．To kill a mockingbird is more than a hunting． |
We can infer from the passage that the novel "To Kill Mockingbird" __．
| A．was published about 60 years ago |
| B．was very popular in the late 1930s |
| C．has been read by millions of high school students |
| D．gets its title from a story told by Harper Lee's father |
Here is some information about several famous local bakeries(面包烤房) in Indiana, the US. They serve as a social gathering place for locals.
Maple Lane Bakery
At 8260 S. State Rd. Claypool, IN. (574) 566-2917, it offers a variety of cooked pies, cookies, and bread. With 20 years’ experience Maple Lane Bakery has specialized in the making of pies. The menu includes peach pie $7.19, berry pie $7.70, apple pie $7.19 and banana pie $6.99. Feel free to place an order at least 24 hours in advance.
Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop
At 816 E. Winona Avenue Warsaw, IN. (574) 269-1231, it specializes in cakes and offers cookies and candies. The chocolate cookies are sold at $8.99 a dozen. Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop, started half a century ago, specializes in wedding cakes and birthday cakes. Buying a cake from Betty’s will not disappoint you as they are always excellent.
Crepes’ Quality Bakery
At 217 S. Cavin Street Ligonier, IN. (260) 894-3024, this third generation bakery is located downtown Ligonier. It offers cookies and cupcakes, and specializes in rolls and bread. If you plan to buy cookies for the office or work area, you had better get there early as the building workers arrive just before 5:00 am waiting for the doors to open.
Olympia Candy Kitchen
At 136 N. Main Street Goshen, IN. (574) 533-5040, it has been welcoming visitors for almost a century in its unchanged location in downtown Goshen, Indiana. Its tradition began in 1912 when Greek Nicholas began making his own chocolates. Today this family-owned operation offers all kinds candies and boxed candies.
If you need an order, you should call ahead of time to see if they can meet your request.Which of the following pies is the most expensive?
| A．Peach pie. | B．Banana pie. |
| C．Apple pie. | D．Berry pie. |
If you want to order a birthday cake, you are advised to call _________.
| A．(574) 533-5040 | B．(574) 269-1231 |
| C．(260) 894-3024 | D．(574) 566-2917 |
Which of the following bakeries has the shortest history?
| A．Crepes’ Quality Bakery |
| B．Betty’s Cakes & Candy Shop |
| C．Olympia Candy Kitchen |
| D．Maple Lane Bakery |
The author wrote this passage mainly to __________.
| A．tell readers some travel information |
| B．persuade more people to eat pies |
| C．make the bakeries better known to readers |
| D．warn customers to order bakeries in advance |