Ⅲ. 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:阅读理解(共15题;每小题2分,满分30分)
Anyone who is addicted to reading bus tickets or cereal packets will understand the appeal of poems on the underground. Some years ago, a few acquaintances who lived and worked in London , who used the Tube and loved poetry, decided that it would be pleasant to read a few lines by their favorite poets as they traveled around by Tube, instead of just glancing upwards at the tiresome advertisements. The underground had a surplus (剩余的)of advertising space on the trains. They suggested filling the blank space on the trains, for the entertainment of the traveling public.
The poems took on a new life when they were removed from books and placed alongside the adverts. Commuters enjoyed the idea of reading Keats’“Much have I traveled in the realms of gold” on a crowded Central Line train, or trying to learn by heart a sonnet between Hammersmith and Piccadilly. The choice of poems wasn’t arbitrary (随机的)but specially chosen. It catered for all tastes including living and dead poems from the homeland and from all over the English-speaking world, and especially poems which have association with London.
The success of the poems on the underground enterprises confirmed that Britain was a nation of poetry lovers. Hundreds of people corresponded with London Underground suggesting poems, or just to say thank you. In January 1989, on the third anniversary after the first poems on the Underground, London Underground promised to donate all the spaces free, to increase the number available (at least one poem in each train carriage), and to pay for the production costs as well. They also updated the poems every few months. Posters of the poems decorated the British Council libraries throughout the world, but th
e best way to view the poems is to see them by yourselves, on whichever train you choose, in every zone of the network—for the price of an underground ticket.
41.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Shelly and Keat’s Poems
B. The Poems on the Underground
C. Travelling on the Tube in London
D. The Poems about London
42.The poems were _________.
A. removed from books and placed in empty advertising spaces
B. taken from throughout the English-speaking world and chosen to please everyone
C. including poems about London by Shelly, Burns, Keats and by the commuters themselves
D. meant to be read aloud and learnt by heart
43. Which is the closest in meaning to “association”?
A.Connection. B.Difference. C.Similarity. D.Comparison.
44. The best place to see the poem is ________.
A. in any train on the network
B. in libraries around the world
C. in trains on the Central Line and between Hammersmith and Piccadilly
D. in some carriage anywhere on the network
45. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage above?
A. People who like reading bus tickets advocate poems on the underground .
B. Spaces which were used for advertisements are now completely occupied by poems on the tube.
C. You can appreciate the poems you like at the cost of only a tube ticket in London.
D. The success of the poems on the underground indicates people’s love for the tube of London.
How to look good in a photo?
What should you do if you want to have a nice photo taken? Whether it's work or fun, the most important thing is lighting. If you get bad lighting, you will look bad, too. Know where the light is. You don't want it below you or above you, you want it to shine directly at you.
The key thing is no shadow. If you are being photographed outside, do it in the morning, or wait till the 2 o'clock shadow has passed. Also don't let pictures in the magazines stress you out--all the pictures are taken by great photographers. And all the faces have had pimples(丘疹, 粉刺) taken out by computers.
Tip your head and learn what angles work with your face; everyone is different. So you have to learn what suits you. You can practice in Photo Booth for as long as it is your turn, to learn what angles suit your face. Tip your neck to make it look longer, make eye contact with the camera. No one can look bad if they smile.
For long legs, point one leg into center of the frame and get the photographer to shoot looking up your body.
For just leg shots, lie upside down and raise legs in the air for the best angle. And your legs will look thinner and be in better shape.
Keep shoulders back.
Always have mouth slightly open, enough to put a penny between your lips, as this will make your lips look fuller.
Lower your eyes and then look up just as shutter(快门) is clicked for full eyes.
Delete any evidence of a less than perfect photogenic moment, everyone has off days.If you want to look good in a photo, the light should be ______.
| A.below you | B.directly at you |
| C.above you | D.right behind you |
According to the passage, we should consider all EXCEPT ______.
| A.light | B.shadow |
| C.photographers | D.angles |
What advice does the author give on taking photos?
| A.Raise legs on the wall. | B.Look down. |
| C.Put a penny between lips. | D.Keep shoulders back. |
The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a research paper. It can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.
Trevor, C. O., Lansford, B. and Black, J. W., 2004, "Employee turnover (人事变更) and job performance: monitoring the influences of salary growth and promotion", Journal of Armchair Psychology, vol. 113, no.1, pp. 56-64.
In this article Trevor et al. review the influences of pay and job opportunities in respect of job performance, turnover rates and employees' job attitude. The authors use data gained through organizational surveys of blue-chip companies in Vancouver, Canada to try to identify the main cause of employee turnover and whether it is linked to salary growth. Their research focuses on assessing a range of pay structures such as pay for performance and organizational reward plans. The article is useful as Trevor et al. suggest that there are numerous reasons for employee turnover and a variety of differences in employees' job attitude and performance. The main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management, thus the authors indicate that further, more extensive research needs to be undertaken to develop a more in-depth understanding of employee turnover and job performance. As this article was published in a professional journal, the findings can be considered reliable. It will be useful additional information for the research on pay structures.The research paper published is primarily concerned with_____
| A.the way of preventing employee turnover |
| B.methods of improving employee performance |
| C.factors affecting employee turnover and performance |
| D.pay structures based on employee performance |
As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that ____ .
| A.the data analysis is hardly reliable |
| B.the research sample is not wide enough |
| C.the findings are of no practical value |
| D.the research method is out-of-date |
Who might be most interested in this piece of information?
| A.Job hunters. |
| B.Employees in blue-chip companies. |
| C.Mid-level managers. |
| D.Researchers on employee turnover. |
Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates.
Li Wen,a junior 2 student from No.2 Middle School,could not understand his teacher and was doing badly in his lessons. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his finger with a knife.
Another student,16-year-old Yang Fang from No.1 Middle School,was afraid of exams. She got very worried in one,and when she looked at the exam paper,she couldn't think of anything to write.
A recent report from Jiefang Daily says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental problems. Their troubles include being worried and very unhappy,and having problems in learning and getting on with people. Many students who have problems won't go for advice or help. Some think the y will look stupid if they go to see a doctor. Others don't want to talk about their secrets.
Liang Yuezhu,an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital has the following advice for teenagers:
Talk to your parents or teachers often.
Take part in group activities and play sports.
Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell.The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ________.
| A.no parents | B.a headache |
| C.knife with them | D.mental problems |
Li Wen cut his finger with a knife because ________.
| A.he was afraid of his teacher |
| B.he was so worried about his studies |
| C.he wanted to frighten his parents |
| D.his finger was badly hurt |
Yang Fang's problem happened when ________.
| A.she had exams |
| B.she studied very hard |
| C.she talked with her parents |
| D.she thought of something |
Students who have problems won't ask others for help because ________.
| A.they won't let others think they are stupid |
| B.they don't think doctors can help them |
| C.they don't want to talk about their secrets |
| D.both A and C |
Recovery from bulimia(贪食症)is difficult,but a beautiful journey!You'll come across many challenges—but once you've beaten them,the world will look much more beautiful. You can recover from this illness—I promise!Remember:If I recovered—you can too!
I began throwing up(呕吐)when I was just a kid. Back then I didn't know why I did that. But now I can see that it was the result of my seeking so called fashionable diets.
I was only 8 years old when my aunty phoned my mom saying that I'd thrown up my dinner.I told them it was just a party trick,and they ignored it. Their reaction made me realize that this “trick” of mine should be a secret. I would continue doing it,but would never let anyone know.
As I got older,this secret habit got more and more serious,and this carried on for years. During my first year of university,at the age of 20,I wasted over $20,000 on food from the school dining hall.
Finally,after having had bulimia for nearly 12 years,I decided enough was enough. I was close to death—I could feel it in every part of my body. I needed help,and I made an appointment with a counselor(顾问)of my university. One year later,I graduated from university. I was proud of myself for getting my degree. But there was a deeper pride and strength inside my mind. I had beaten bulimia. It had been a long and difficult road—but I'd done it.What might cause the writer's bulimia according to the text?
| A.Her improper diets. |
| B.Lack of her parents' love. |
| C.Lack of communication with others. |
| D.Her bad habit of throwing up. |
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
| A.The author almost felt hopeless at that time. |
| B.The author only believed her university counselor. |
| C.The author's university counselor offered to help her. |
| D.The author's university counselor majored in bulimia. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A.The author's bulimia didn't grow worse as she grew older. |
| B.The author believed that nobody could beat bulimia completely. |
| C.The author's bulimia helped her save money when at university. |
| D.The author had beaten bulimia when she graduated from university. |
The passage is written for people ______.
| A.who also suffer from bulimia |
| B.who major in bulimia at university |
| C.who want to form a good habit of dieting |
| D.who are eager to get a degree at university |
On Tuesday,a new study published in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation:Heart Failure revealed that women who ate five or more dishes of baked fish a month had a thirty percent lower risk of heart failure in comparison to women who ate less than one dish a month.
Researchers examined the diets of 84,493 women,whose ages ranged from 50 to 79.The women who had eaten lots of baked fish like salmon(鲑鱼),were more healthy than those who mostly ate tuna(金枪鱼)or white fish. Eating baked fish also appeared to provide a protection against high blood pressure. The study also found that those women who ate more baked fish were likely to have a lower weight,exercise more and eat more fruits and vegetables in comparison to those who ate fried fish.
Researchers noted that past research had discovered the fatty acids(脂肪酸)in fish probably decreased the risk of high blood pressure by improving blood pressure along with heart and blood functioning. This study showed the link between eating fish and heart failure risk but it was not designed to show cause and effect.
This study also showed that just by eating one dish of fried fish a week led to a 49% greater risk of heart failure,and eating fried fish led to lower fiber(纤维)intake and higher calorie(卡路里)intake.
The American Heart Association suggested eating a minimum of two dishes of fish especially fatty fish each week.Compared to the women who ate fried fish those who ate more baked fish could ______.
| A.be more relaxed | B.be more healthy |
| C.eat more every day | D.raise blood pressure |
Which kind of fish is best for you according to the author?
| A.Baked tuna. | B.Baked salmon. |
| C.Boiled salmon. | D.Fried white fish. |
According to this passage,which one is correct?
| A.The fatty acids in fish can make one's heart bigger. |
| B.Eating fish probably helps you take in more calories |
| C.The fatty acids in fish can improve blood functioning. |
| D.The fatty acids in fish can raise blood pressure. |
If a person eats one dish of fried fish a week,he or she ______.
| A.will take in more fatty acids |
| B.is less likely to get heart failure |
| C.will like eating more vegetables |
| D.has a greater risk of heart failure |