第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读-优题课

Many people often lose their chance to live life to the fullest because of procrastination, which means that they always delay doing something that must be done at once. Moreover, because they often put off their plans till “tomorrow”, they are less likely to achieve their goals and will give up their dreams and goals finally. As a result, we can say that procrastination is the enemy of a progressive lifestyle.
Now that we know procrastination is something bad, why do some people not take immediate action? Well, there are some things that result in procrastination. Depending on someone else rather than doing by oneself is one of the things. Whenever you wait for something to happen before you act, you make it easier to delay your goals and dreams until “someday”. Another cause of procrastination is that people do not value each moment in their day. Actually, it’s surprising how much you can do if you just decide to do little things with the little time you have. Also those who often procrastinate can always find a good reason for something they refuse to do at once.
If you are one of those who often delay, then it’s time for you to make a decision to act now because things happen only when we decide to act. Get down to doing something like losing weight, saving money or spending more time with family. Don’t let these things continue to be a desire for you to do “someday”, but make a decision to do it now.
Once you have made your decision, write down the plan and take action immediately. Making plans can help you think carefully about how you are going to do what you need to do. After understanding how to do what you want to do, get doing with the plan. It doesn’t matter how small the move you make is as the little things you do accumulate over time and move you to be closer to your goals. So, don’t wait until tomorrow; instead, start now! Just make use of every moment you have to do something that is helpful in realizing your dreams and goals.
Here is a challenge that will also move you to be closer to your dreams and goals if taken seriously. Make a list of ten things you have been putting off. It could be anything from getting a health examination, calling a friend or family member, to getting the car fixed and cleaning up the garbage, etc. And then try to develop the habit of doing them immediately!

Stay away from procrastination
Paragraph outline	Supporting details
_______ with procrastination	Procrastination can make one_______ to live life to the fullest. Procrastination can prevent one from achieving his goals. Some people don’t make progress just because of procrastination.
_______ why people procrastinate	People who delay doing things are usually not_______because they always ask for help from others. People don’t realize that each _______ in a day is very valuable. Procrastination also has something to do with making_______ .
Ways to stop procrastination	Make a decision.	If you want to do something, do it _______ and never just desire it.
Plan and act.	Make a plan and have it _______out after understanding how to do what you need to do. Make the best of your time to do things that is helpful in turning your dream into a_______.
Make a list.	List ten things you like to delay. Make it a _______to finish them on time.

Things adults should learn from kids
Children can teach adults a lot. In other words, there are many things adults can learn from children. For example, kids tend to show love. Every action they do for parents, friends, pets, and people they like, is filled with love. They don’t think twice before loving, and they just love. So adults can learn this: the best way to receive love is to first give it. Unfortunately, most of us have developed the habit of questioning everything. We often try too hard with love, and connect it with weakness. Actually, the only way to experience love is to have the smallest expectations, and love your dear ones unconditionally(无条件地).
Kids never hide feelings. They cry when they hurt themselves, and express displeasure when things don’t go their way. On the contrary, we adults always try to hide our feelings, and never express ourselves sincerely. We often feel happy for others with negative thoughts in our hearts. Crying or expressing oneself is what normal people do. Never hold back tears or happiness. If you want to cry, cry your eyes out, and if you are happy or pleased about something, don’t be afraid to show or share it.
Kids are curious (好奇的) little beings, who always try to understand their surroundings by completely involving themselves in every task they do. They have a huge appetite for knowledge, and ask lots of questions every day. This curious nature guides their life, and often leads them to simple yet wonderful discoveries. Are adults as curious as kids? Well, most of us aren’t. Also, they no longer have the thirst for knowledge, and don’t even ask questions if they don’t understand something. Adults often forget that it isn’t talent or skill but our curiosity and a huge appetite for knowledge that makes us worthy.
Kids live in the present, and give 100% to any task they are doing. They never worry about the future, and since they are so busy enjoying their present, life is great today. However, with a job, money, and relationships, it does get hard for an adult to enjoy life. The best thing to do here is to change oneself, and if that isn’t possible, we can live like a child. Just don’t be worried about the future, because it isn’t in your control. The only thing you can control is your present, so work hard toward it.
As kids treat everyone equally, they make friends soon and also play a lot with them. Through playing, they make a lot of astonishing discoveries about their friends and surroundings. They also learn a lot about life, because they are out in the open and are playing with all their hearts. So how long has it been since you played outdoors for fun as an adult? Not some serious sporting event or activity, just kicking a ball, running in the park, or any other silly game! Playing doesn’t mean that you have to achieve a purpose. Sometimes, it is healthy to just have some fun.

Paragraph outlines	Main points
Show love.	Adults should learn to give love first instead of love. In order to experience love, adults shouldless and love others unconditionally.
Never hide emotions.	Children aren’t afraid to display their emotions while adults alwaysto express themselves sincerely. It’s normal to express oneself, so try to show or share your emotions,you are happy or sad.
Be curious.	Kids are curious and arefor knowledge, so they ask questions every day. Most adults don’t ask questions even if they feelabout something. Actually, ourdepends on our curiosity and desire for knowledge.
Live in the present.	Kids live in the present happily, while adults havein enjoying life with many things to consider. Change yourself, or enjoy your present without worrying about the future that can’t be.
Play more.	Childrenand learn a lot through playing. Adults should also play outdoors for fun just like kids.

Here are some of our favorite tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder:
Recite As You Study
Reciting---saying things out loud----should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding.
Study the Middle
The best time to review is soon after you've learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review.
Take Fuller Notes
Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear. They should be tidy and easy to read. Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to re-write ideas in your own words.
Sleep on it
Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It's easier to remember material you've just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you've fallen asleep.
Combing Memory and Understanding
There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote(死记硬背)while ideas are best
learned by understanding.
The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have: the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it. Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts and then try to understand how they fit in with thing you already know. Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading. If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again.
Titles: Tips on in a smarter way.

Right things to be done	Details
	◆Help you study in anway ◆Make you aware of your mistakes and problems
Notes		◆brief and clear ◆tidy and easy to read
Advantages	You can benefit a lot more thanwhen you read.
Sleep on it	Studying before going to bed brings about betterfor material you've just learned.
of memory and understanding	◆Considering an idea in as many differentas possible. ◆similar ideas and concepts ◆Going back to what first cause yourand start again

Gratitude means thankfulness, noticing simple pleasures, and acknowledging everything that you receive. It shifts your focus from what your life lacks to the abundance that is already present. Psychological research has shown the surprising life improvements gained from the practice of gratitude.
Two psychologists, Michael McCollough and Robert Emmons, conducted an experience on gratitude and its effect on well being. The results of the study indicated that daily gratitude exercises resulted in higher reported levels of enthusiasm, determination, optimism, and energy. In addition, those who practiced gratitude experienced less depression and stress, were more likely to help others, worked out problems more regularly, and made greater progress toward achieving personal goals.
Therefore, it's important to practice gratitude. Here are a few reminders.
A common method is to get yourself a cute little notebook and write down 3-5 things that you're grateful for at the end of each day. They can be small things, or bigger things.
You can also send a handwritten letter or make a phone call to a person for whom you are thankful, expressing the gratitude. It will surely brighten their day, and in turn, yours.
Besides, for some, it may be a good idea to express their gratitude in person. It doesn't need to be formal. Just a simple gesture of thanks is only needed to feel the benefits of this kind of gratitude.
Finally, there are certain times you can devote to gratitude. For example, at the beginning of your meals, or at bedtime, or when your parents get home from work. Committing to a specific time establishes a practice of gratitude.
Once you become accustomed to looking for things to be grateful for, you will find that you begin to appreciate simple pleasures, which can make a day and even change a life.

Title	Gratitude
Introduction	Gratitude means being grateful and can help people. _____ on what they receive instead of what they don't have.
______of gratitude exercises	■Feeling more ______, optimistic, determined, and energetic. ■Becoming less depressed and stressed, but more willing to be ______. ■Working out problems more regularly. ■Achieving your ______ goals more easily.
_____to practise gratitude	■Putting down whatever you feel grateful for every day. ■Writing to or calling whoever you want to______ gratitude to. ■Giving thanks personally in a_____ way. ■Devoting a proper _____ to gratitude.
Conclusion	■_____ can make you and others happy and even change your life

Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people
traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?

Main comparisons	Contexts
are changing	In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first .
Nowadays, people seem to be more about themselves.
are changing too.	People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing（谦让的）
People may strive to achieve their ownat the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
for changes in author’s eyes	Fierceand great on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’stowards topic.	A relationship which cantwo sides should be established.