For centuries people dreamed of going into space. This dream began to seem possible when high-flying rockets were built in the early 1900s.
In 1903 a Russian teacher named Konstantin Tsiolkovsky figured out how to use rockets for space travel. His plan was the first one in rocket science to use correct scientific calculation. About 30 years later, a U.S. scientist named Robert Goddard built the first rockets that could reach high altitudes. During World War II, German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. After the war, scientists from Germany went to the United States and the Soviet Union to help those countries build space rockets.
These two countries were soon racing to get to space first. Each of these countries wanted to prove that it was stronger and more advanced than the other one. Both countries also had powerful bombs. People in the United States were worried when the Soviets were first to launch a space satellite, which was called Sputnik. The Soviets were also first to send a person into space. Yury Gagarin orbited the earth in the Vostok I spaceship in 1961.
The US government set a goal for its space program to be the first country to put a person on the Moon. The U.S. space program built a series of Apollo spaceship. These vehicles were powered by huge Saturn 5 rockets. In 1969 Apollo II took three men to the moon successfully. Nell Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon.
The Soviets may have lost the race to fly people to the Moon, but they built the first space station in 1971. The United States also built a space station. The space stations allowed people to live and work in space. Then the Soviet Union and the United States cooperated to hook two spaceships together in space. This action ended the "space race". Today a much larger space station, built by several countries together, orbits Earth.
Another new way to go to space is by space shuttle. A space shuttle, first made in the United States in 1981, looks like an airplane. Astronauts who fly spaceships have used shuttles to help put satellites into space.
| The (1)▲ of Space Travel |
||
| Time |
Events |
Information concerned |
| Early 1900s |
High-flying rockets were built. |
It made the ancient dream of going to space possible to come（2) ▲ |
| 1903 |
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (3)▲ a way to use rockets for space travel. |
He planned to put correct scientific calculation to use in rocket science. |
| Around 1933 |
Robert Goddard built new rockets. |
The rockets could fly very(3)▲ in the sky. |
| During and after World War II |
German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. |
Germany was ahead of all the other countries in building space rockets and later it even offered5) ▲ to the Soviet Union and the United States |
| |
The Soviet Union and the United States competed to get to space first. |
The Soviet Union became the6▲ of the race when it launched the first satellite and sent the first astronaut into space. |
| 1969 |
The United States (7▲ in putting a person on the moon. |
In one way, it 8) ▲ the Soviet Union by becoming the first country to fly people to the moon. |
| 1970s |
The Soviets built the first space station and was soon followed by Americans. And they finally ended the "space race" by (9) ▲ |
Astronauts can live and work in space stations. |
| 1980s-- |
Space shuttles are used as new vehicles for space （10) ▲ . |
Shuttles are also used to help put satellites into space. |
第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为31-40的相应位置。
Jean is a 17-year-old high school student. On Saturday mornings, Jean and her friends take part in the program 31 (call) SAVE THE KIDS. They travel to a poor area of Washington D.C. They help younger students learn 32 to read and to solve mathematics problems. Many American teenagers join in programs 33 serve their communities. On weekends Jean sometimes works at an ice-cream store. When she is not working, she gets together with her girlfriends. They might go to a movie, to a shopping mall or to an eating place. Or they might attend 34 sports event of their high school. They also often stay at one girl’s house for the night.
35 teenagers in most parts of the country, Jean began driving a car when she was 16 years old. She does not have her car, however. She must 36 the family car with her parents. About 70 percent of American teenagers have their own cars. Many of them drive their cars to school every day. Jean does not smoke cigarettes 37 drink alcohol. 38do her friends. But many teenagers at her school do. Drinking alcohol is a major problem there. Every weekend teenagers have parties, where they drink alcohol. Then they drive to other parties. People under the age of 21 39 (not allow) to drink alcohol in the United States. And it is 40 (danger) to drink and drive a car. Yet this does not stop some teenagers.
第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31—40的相应位置上。
Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by __31____ questions, “Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually, many of the teachers can’t give students 32__ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway, __33____ often simply say, “Read more and practise more, and you 34 __ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 35 __ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 36 __ not helpful to deal with the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally, I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 37__ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles, the science of reading and understanding may have a close relationship with writing. Reading comprehension can’t be independent from the knowledge of writing. So __38____ (do) better in reading comprehension, we should learn the knowledge of writing, study __39____ questions are designed and the relationship __40____ questions and the reading materials.
第二节：语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。
Many patients who don’t want to tell their doctor how much they really drink are often more honest with a computer. The computer __31__ (use) for this purpose is programmed to be friendly. For example, if a patient called Ann says that __32__ her parents are dead, the computer will say: “I’m sorry to hear that, Ann.” Apart from expressing sympathy, the computer __33___ also question and remind. If a patient says he __34__ drinks alcohol, the computer can ask him, “Never? Not even at parties or at Christmas?” Does this direct contact __35__the patient and the computer mean that we do not need doctors any more?
It depends. Computers are useful __36__ they do not look shocked if you say you drink two bottles of whisky __37__day. And they do not stop to talk on the phone as doctors often do.
But ___38___ a doctor said, “We smile and we give a patient a handkerchief or put arm around her shoulder if she __39__ (cry). That is ___40___ people will always want us.”
第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答卷标号为31~40的相应位置。
When someone says “Well, I guess I’ll face the music.”, he doesn’t mean that (31)_______
is planning to go to a concert. It is something far less happy, as you are (32)________ (call) in by your boss to explain why you did this or did that, or (33)______you did not do this or that.
At some time (34)______ another, every one of us has to “face the music”, (35)________
(especial) as children, we can all remember father’s angry words “I want to talk to you!” And it was only because we did not listen to him. (36)_____ a bad thing it was!
In the middle or at the end of every term, some students have to “face the music”. The result of the exam will decide (37)______they will have to face the music or not. There might be parents’ blame and the contempt (轻视) of the teachers and other (38)___________(classmate).
The phrase “to face the music” is well known to every American, (39)_____ or old. It is at least 100 years old. It originally means that you have to do something (40)_______ (brave), no matter how terrible the whole thing might be, because you know you have no choice.
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。
A clear, accurate summary only gives the vital information from a text. Any extra, irrelevant details are left out. 31 (summarize) will seriously improve your quick reading skills — so learn how to do it. You can’t summarize if you haven’t read 32 text carefully. Start by scanning the text, then reading it closely. 33 you understand the whole text, go through it again slowly, working out 34 is relevant, and which details can be left out. Write only the number of words you 35(tell) — no more. See what the title is, and look for any extra information on the paper 36 could be relevant, 37 the author’s name. Decide what the main theme of the text is.
If the question says how many words long the summary must be, you must never write more _38 __ that limit. You will 39 (definite) lose marks 40 you don’t follow the guidelines. Make sure that all the basic information is there —– don’t include detail when there isn’t room.