If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the water, if he isn't breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck, move his head back and press his chin upwards. This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn't work, start mouth-to-mouth breathing. Press his nostrils (the two holes at the end of your nose, through which you breathe and smell things) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing until professional help arrives.
To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and gently blow into his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your efforts, he starts turning a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse, then pressing is the last chance of saving his life.
With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don't be too hard or you may break a rib. Check how effective you are by seeing if his colour improves or his pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stop the pressing. Otherwise continue until rescue arrives.If you want to save someone drowning, you __________.
| A．have to pull off his clothes first . | B．should try to get him out of water as quickly as possible. |
| C．should first make out who he is. | D．ought to throw a life coat to him first . |
Once a person stops breathing, it means ___________.
| A．you have no more than 4 minutes to bring him to life again . |
| B．his brain is completely damaged . |
| C．he has passed away . |
| D．there is no way to save his life . |
To press his chin upwards is a way to _____________.
| A．keep the tongue from blocking the airway in the throat. |
| B．prevent the tongue from stopping the airway in the throat. |
| C．wipe the tongue out of the throat . |
| D．see if he can possibly be saved . |
If the drowning boy has no pulse,_____________.
| A．press his chin upwards is enough to get him breathing . |
| B．blow air into his mouth is sure to save his life . |
| C．press his nostrils together with your fingers can work . |
| D．press is the last chance of saving his life . |
Which of the following statement is true?
| A．Don’t stop pressing his chest, if the drowning man starts breathing again. |
| B．If you see someone drowning, you must give him mouth-to-mouth breathing. |
C．If a man does not breathe  for four minutes, his brain will be completely destroyed. |
| D．When pressing, you can do it as hard as you can. |
The Kingdome in Seattle was destroyed on March 26，2000．It was taken down to make room for a new stadium．The blast(爆破)from the failing building caused the earth to shake as if an earthquake had happened．
Scientists placed more than 200 earthquake recorders in the earth to measure the movement．They found which parts of the
city shook the most．This information helped them know which parts of the city would be damaged in a real earthquake at an early time．
A real earthquake happened on February 28, 2001 in Seattle．The Nisqually earthquake was 6.8 on the Richter scale(里氏6.8级)．It damaged the same parts of Seattle that scientists had predicted from the pulling down of the Kingdome．It was a plate quake．It started deep in the earth, 37 miles below the surface on the Juan de Fuca Plate．Sometimes，huge plates under the earth cause earthquakes when the plates move against each other suddenly．
Scientists have learned that deep earthquakes have very few aftershocks(余震)．The Nisqually earthquake had only 4 ones．Another earthquake in California that was close to the surface had over 120 aftershocks．Scientists do not know why the deep earthquakes have fewer aftershocks．
Scientists plan to blast in the ground near Seattle with the purpose of testing the plate．The shockwaves from the blast will jump off the plate and give them all idea of where the plate is and how it is moving．This will give them more information in case another real earthquake hits the area．
56．Why were the scientists interested in the pulling down of the Seattle Kingdome?
A．To predict what might happen in a real earthquake．
B．To see which areas near the Kingdome would shake the hardest．
C．To measure the movement of the Earth with earthquake recorders．
D．All of the above．
57．What will happen after a deep earthquake according to the scientists?
A．There will be little damage．
B．There will be many aftershocks．
C．There will be very few aftershocks．
D．The Richter scale of the quakes will be 6.8 or more．
58．According to the passage，have the most aftershocks．
A．deep earthquakes B．shockwave earthquakes
C．earthquakes close to the surface D．earthquakes more than 6.8 Richter scale
59．By studying the blast in the ground near Seattle, scientists hope to
A．destroy the Kingdome
B．learn where the plate is and how it is moving
C．find out how many plates there are in the ground there
D．know which places are likely to have the most damage
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60．This advertisement is written for people who want to ·
A．find out where the club is B. get something free from the club
C．develop stamp collection as a hobby D．make money through collecting stamps
61. From the advertisement we can learn．
A．Collectors Club is among the biggest clubs of its kind in the country
B．how much you must pay to become a member of the club
C．today is the last day for stamp collectors to join the club
D．members may receive a set of album pages every month
62．Where is this advertisement most probably found?
A．In a newspaper． B．On a web page．
C．In a magazine． D．On a TV program．
Climate has been a major driver of armed conflict in Africa, research shows—and future warming is likely to increase the number of deaths from war. US researchers found that across the continent, conflict was about 50% more likely in unusually warm years.
Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), they suggest conflict arises when the food supply is not enough in warm conditions. Climatic factors have been mentioned as a reason for several recent conflicts. One is the fighting in Darfur in Sudan that has killed 200,000 people and forced two million more from their homes. Previous research has shown an association between lack of rain and conflict, but this is thought to be the first clear evidence of a temperature link.
The researchers used databases of temperatures across sub-Saharan Africa for the period between 1981 and 2002, and looked for connections between above average warmth and civil conflict in the same country that left at least 1,000 people dead. "Studies show that crop output in the region is really sensitive to small shifts in temperature, even of half a degree or so," research leader Marshall Burke, from the University of California at Berkeley, told BBC News.
"Our findings provide strong motivation to increase investments in African adaptation to climate change by such steps as developing crop varieties less sensitive to extreme heat and promoting insurance plans to help protect farmers from negative effects of the hotter climate," said Dr Burke. "If the argument is that the trend towards rising temperatures will increase conflict, then we need to do something around climate change, but more fundamentally we need to resolve the conflicts in the first place."
If the sub-Saharan climate continues to warm and little is done to help its countries better adapt to high temperatures, the human costs are likely to be unimaginable. If temperatures rise across the continent as computer models project, future conflicts are likely to become more common, researchers suggest. Their study shows an increase of about 50% over the next 20 years.
When projections of social trends such as population increase and economic development were included in their model of a future Africa, temperature rise still emerged as a likely major cause of increasing armed conflict. At next month's UN climate summit (峰会) in Copenhagen, governments are due to debate how much money to put into helping African countries prepare for and adapt to negative effects of climate change.
68. According to the passage, which of the following is one of the reasons for the fighting in Darfur in Sudan?
A. Shortage of drinking water. B. Racial discrimination.
C. Rising temperature. D. Demand for planting land.
69. What can we know from the research done by the US researchers?
A. There is no close relation between rainfall and conflict.
B. Temperature greatly affects crop production in sub-Saharan Africa.
C. Temperature will rise by about 50% in Africa over the next two decades.
D. With world cooperation, conflicts in Africa will be reduced by half 20 years later.
70. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Something must be done to help sub-Saharan countries with better adaptation to climate change to avoid disaster.
B. Conflicts in sub-Saharan countries are sure to be on the rise in future.
C. Temperature in sub-Saharan countries will rise at a faster speed.
D. High temperatures will make sub-Saharan countries unfit to live in.
Still want a laptop? That was so yesterday. Get ready for the next stage in the personal computer revolution: It's the ultrathin (超薄的), cheap netbook.
According to a New York Times report last week, personal computers are about to go through their biggest change since the rise of the laptop. By the end of the year, consumers are likely to see laptops the size of thin paperback books that can run all day on a single charge and are equipped with touch screens or slide-out keyboards. The netbook is a kind of portable computer with learner functions for online surfing and basic computing activities, for example, word processing. To cut the cost and weight, they usually have a low-powered processor, small screen, narrow keyboard, and no ODD.
Currently, some of the devices look more like a toy than a full-feature computer. That's because most of the netbooks sold today run on an Intel chip called Atom. This is a lower-power version of the company's standard laptop chip, so they have trouble running demanding software like games and photo-editing programs.
This year, a group of companies who make cheap, power-saving chips used in cell phones are applying that expert skill to PCs. That means they will break Atom's netbook dominance (统治地位) and reduce the size while letting it run complicated programs.
The big winner in the rise of netbooks will be the consumer. AT&T announced last week that customers in Atlanta, Georgia, US, could get a netbook for just $50 (342 yuan) if they signed up for an Internet service plan. This trend will soon spread to Asia, according to industry experts.
University campuses are a major target of Shanzhai netbooks—uncopyrighted (无版权的) domestic copies of foreign brands. These products are usually sold at less than 2,000 yuan. But industry insiders suggest students not use these nameless products because many of them don't provide good after-safes services.
64. The following are all advantages of netbooks EXCEPT that.
A. people can easily edit photographs with them B. they cost less than other personal computers
C. they are very thin and easy to carry D. they save power
65. Why are students advised not to use Shanzhai netbooks?
A. Because they are of poor quality.B. Because they are not easy to operate.
C. Because they will soon be out of date. D. Because they lack good after-sales services.
66. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Laptops are becoming more and more popular.
B. University students seldom buy Shanzhai netbooks.
C. Shanzhai netbooks are sold better than those of famous foreign brands.
D. Atom's netbooks make up the largest part of the sales of portable computers at present.
67. What is the general idea of this passage?
A. Shanzhai netbooks are taking control of laptop market.
B. Netbooks have advantages over laptops in everything.
C. Netbooks are becoming the trend of personal computers.
D. Most of the netbooks sold today run on an Intel chip called Atom.
Across the United States, there are several places where two independent towns grew together to become one city — but kept both their names.
WinstonSalem is one of them. It’s a midsized city in what’s called the plateau（high land）, between the Atlantic Coast and the inland mountains in the state of North Carolina. The Winston part is a relatively new place, founded early this century. It’s home to the nation’s biggest openair tobacco market.
The giant R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company’s headquarters is in WinstonSalem, and Winston is the name of one of Reynolds’ bestknown cigarette brands. Fast-growing Winston soon surrounded the much older town of Salem, so in 1913, people in the area voted to combine them into a single place.
From a historical and tourist point of view, Salem, or Old Salem, as it’s called today, is the interesting and unusual part of town.
Salem was founded in the 1700s by the Moravians. They spoke German, and their community was religiously based, with single men and single women living apart in separate dormitories. The Moravians greatly valued women’s work and brainpower. In fact, one of the nation’s oldest boarding schools for young women— the Moravians’ Salem Academy founded in 1772 — is still in operation.
Over the years, Salem lost its Moravian character. That all changed, though, when a nonprofit group began to rehabilitate the historic area. These days Old Salem is what’s called a living history museum, with exhibits, music, and tours of 18th-century houses, taverns and Moravian dormitory buildings just seven blocks from the tallest skyscraper in Winston-Salem.
The historic community is booming again. Just as R. J. Reynolds is taking in millions of dollars making cigarettes across town, Old Salem is generating about $15 million a year in tourism revenue and donations.
60. From the passage we can know that____________.
A. Winston-Salem is the name of a cityB. Salem is home to the tobacco market
C. the city Winston-alem has two namesD. Old Salem is the name of a tobacco brand
61. The city Salem is special for its__________.
A. boarding schoolB. lifestyle and traditionC. respect for brainpower D. religious belief
62. The underlined word “rehabilitate” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A. reconstruct B. evaluate C. enlarge D. decorate
63. What will probably be talked about in the following part?
A. Some other attractions in Winston-Salem. B. How Winston makes profits from tourism.
C. Other examples of cities combined by two parts.D. Something about the boarding school for women.