While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare．It's estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994．
In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half．But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour．T'he result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average,
For advocates（代言人） for the poor, that's an indication much more needs to be done．
"More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better," says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington．
A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down．
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory．
"Welfare was a poison．It was a toxin（毒素） that was poisoning the family," says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst．"The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities．It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important．"
Mr．Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked," then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards．Why don't people enjoy their better lives when they get jobs?
| A．Because they are used to relying on welfare to make livings． |
| B．Because the cost of living is higher than before． |
| C．Because many families are below average income． |
| D．Because their wages are very low． |
From the passage we know that the reconstruction of___ is the core of the reform．
| A．government aids |
| B．work ethic |
| C．welfare funds |
| D．moral awareness |
From the example of the Athens County, we know great efforts should be done for the poor to ___.
| A．improve their living standards |
| B．to help them be employed |
| C．to get them off welfare |
| D．to increase their wage |
From the passage, it can be inferred that the author ___．
| A．is completely certain about the success of welfare reform |
| B．thinks that welfare reform has done little good for the poor |
| C．insists welfare reform has increased the government's burden |
| D．considers welfare reform fundamentally successful |
JINTAN,JTANGSU:The 20 students 18 boys and 2 girls — had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯) out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)Tuesday evening.
The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
‘Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable! ‘said a teacher from Guangdong province.
Named after China’ s most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission (国家)as the country’s biggest and best contest of its kind.
1. This news story is mainly about .
A. when the contest started
B. how the contest got its name
C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest
D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest
2. This news story most probably appeared in a news paper in .
A.1995 B. 1987 C. 1986 D. 1997
3 Ii can be inferred from the text that the teacher from Guangdong province .
A. felt proud of the gold medal winners
B. wondered if the students were honest
C. thought that the problems were too difficult for the students
D. believed that the twenty winners could go to study at university
4 The underlined phrase ‘figure out’ in the text means .
A .guess B. add up C. work out D. study
In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence to hire a machine and an attendant (f~ ~). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine. Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed , the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she did not want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.
1. Who used the bathing machine?
A. Women bathers.
B. Both men and women bathers.
C. Bathers who couldn’t swim.
D. Bathers who couldn’t walk.
2. A bathing machine was mainly used for
A. giving the bather a pleasure ride on the beach
B. giving the bather some exercise before getting into the water
C. protecting the bather from catching cold from the sea wind
D. protecting the bather from being seen in bathing dress out of water
3. In the 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is the right order for doing them?
a. Changing into bathing clothes
b. Getting out of the bathing machine
c. Paying 2 pence
d. Getting into the bathing machine
e. Being taken down the beach
f. Getting into the water
A. e,d,a,b,f,c B. c,d,a,e,b,f
C. c,d,e,a,b,f D. d,a,e,b,f,c
Annealing
Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly, if metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping(浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle(脆)—that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not breaks as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass.
1. Annealing can make metal ____
A. hard and tough(韧) B. hard but brittle C. soft but tough D. soft and brittle
2. Why do people put hot metal in water?
A. To make it hard. B. To make it soft. C. To make it cool. D. To make it brittle
3. In annealing, the required hardness of a metal depends on ______
A. the quantity of water used B. the temperature of the metal
C. the softness of the metal D. the timing of the operation
4. As suggested by the text, how can glass be made less brittle?
A. It can be heated and then cooled quickly.
B. It can be cooled and then heated slowly.
C. It can be heated and then cooled slowly.
D. It can be cooled and then heated quickly.
When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions（感知，感觉）: 
Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience.
Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we've observed. It is not necessarily true that person's perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by some. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick（尺码） to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
Sometimes we see only what we want to see what may be obverse（正面的）to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary（临时的） emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory（相反的） information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus（刺激）-"He's basically a good boy, so what I saw was not shoplifting（入店行窃）." We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information -"All kids get into mischief（顽皮）. Taking a book from the bookstore isn't such a big deal." We call change the meaning of the contradictory information-"It wasn't shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later."...
| 1． |
Why might the observation of the same person by two people at the same time differ?
|
| 2． |
According the passage, our perceptions are formed by ________.
|
| 3． |
From the passage, we know _____ causes us to think a boy's shoplifting isn't serious.
|
| 4． |
What does the passage mainly talk about?
|
Shishmaref, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place-once well bufferedby sea ice-that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland. They are being called one of the first refugees（难民）of global warming. k+s-5#u 
"We tend to describe climate change in terms that are abstract-a one degree rise in temperature, an increase in greenhouse gases-but when waves wash away a village, that's concrete and very emotional," says Igor Krupnik, an expert at the National Museum of Natural History. "When they lose a piece of their land, they aren't just losing a certain number of square miles. They are losing part of their history and their memory. They are losing childhood events and grandparents' tales."
Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms. But the natives say the ice doesn't freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles, leaving the community of 600 people more exposed. Storms have swept houses into the ocean.
The villagers' plan is to move to Tin Creek, a site on the Alaska mainland 12 miles away, and they have received $180 million from the government. Residents hope that in their new community they'll be able to maintain their close ties, continue hunting animals, and keep fishing, much as their ancestors have done for centuries. "People are asking why the government should be spending so much money on so few people," said a government official. "But people in Alaska are like everyone else. We want to help keep their culture alive."
| 1． |
The underlined word "buffered" probably means "______".
|
| 2． |
From the passage what do we know about the sea ice around the village in the past?
|
| 3． |
According to the passage, _____ caused the village to be in danger of disappearing.
|
| 4． |
What's the villagers' main purpose to rebuild the community?
|
