Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralprobl-优题课

Despite all the reports of Internet security attacks over the years, including the recent ones on Google’s e-mail service, many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug（耸肩）.
　　Mr. Shulman and his company examined a list of 32 million passwords that an unknown hacker stole last month from RockYou, a company that makes software for users of social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace. The list was briefly posted on the Web, and hackers and security researchers downloaded it.
　　The list provided an unusually detailed window into computer users’ password habits. Typically, only government agencies like the F.B.I. or the National Security Agency have had access to such a large password list.
　　Some Web sites try to keep back the attackers by freezing an account for a certain period of time if too many incorrect passwords are typed. But experts say that the hackers simply learn to trick the system, by making guesses at an acceptable rate, for instance.
　　To improve security, some Web sites are forcing users to mix letters, numbers and even symbols in their passwords. Others, like Twitter, prevent people from picking common passwords.
　　Still, researchers say, social networking and entertainment Web sites often try to make life simpler for their users and are reluctant to put too many controls in place.
　　Even commercial sites like eBay must weigh the consequences of freezing accounts, since a hacker could, say, try to win an auction(拍卖) by freezing the accounts of other potential buyers.
　　But owing to the reality of our overcrowded brains, the experts suggest that everyone choose at least two different passwords — a complex one for Web sites where security is vital, such as banks and e-mail, and a simpler one for less risky places, such as social networking and entertainment sites.
　　Mr. Moss relies on passwords at least 12 characters long, figuring that those make him a more difficult target than the millions of people who choose five- and six-character passwords.
　　“It’s like the joke where the hikers run into a bear in the forest, and the hiker that survives is the one who outruns his companions,” Mr. Moss said. “You just want to run that bit faster.
59. The underlined sentence “Many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug” shows that many people ______.
don’t take seriously the hacker’s break-ins
are worried and frightened at the hacker’s break-ins
don’t know what to do with the hacker’s attacks
are eager to get helps from the experts
60. According to the passage, which of the following web sites needs a more complex password?
A social web site.
An entertainment web site.
A commercial web site.
A government web site.
61. The Internet users are advised to______ in order to keep back the hackers.
mix letters, numbers and symbols as well
choose passwords with at least 12 characters
choose passwords with 5 or 6 characters
choose at least two different passwords
62. Which would be the best title for the passage?
Password, Simple or Complex?
Popular Passwords, High Risk!
Clever Hackers, Stupid Netizens.
Hacker, the Enemy of Internet Security.

The young woman seated next to us at the sushi(寿司) bar gave off an alien air; her looks and style, we thought, made it likely that she was not American born.
But then she spoke in perfect American English, with the typical characteristic of many young Californians.
As it turns out, however, she wasn’t from these parts after all; she was born in Iran and spoke only Farsi(波斯语) until her arrival here two years ago. What classes, we wondered, had she attended to learn the language so well?
“I didn’t,” she said. “I used Rosetta Stone.”
Those yellow boxes sold at shopping-mall and airport newspaper stands may be the most recognizable example of PC-based language learning, but it certainly isn’t the only one.
With the growth of broadband connectivity and social networks, companies have introduced a wide range of Internet-based language learning products, both free and fee-based, that allow students to interact in real time with instructors in other countries, gain access to their lesson plans wherever they are in the world, and communicate with pen pals who are also trying to remember if bambino means baby.
Learning a language sometimes seems as difficult as dieting. The solution is to figure out how to stay interested after the curiosity wears off.
To fight against boredom, online language programs have introduced crossword puzzles, interactive(交互的) videos and other games to reward users for making progress.
Online courses are either fee-based, free or a combination. Starter kits(入门套件) of fee-based programs may cost just a few hundred dollars, but the cost to reach higher levels of comprehension and speaking can easily be $1,000.
While that may sound expensive, language company managers say it isn’t; college courses often cost many thousands of dollars to reach the same level.
So, cost aside, how do you choose which program to use? The answer is that one size doesn’t fit all.
55. Which of the following is the fact about “Rosetta Stone”?
A. Rosetta Stone is only a special stone with the name Rosetta on
B. Rosetta Stone is a free PC-based language learning product.
C. Rosetta Stone is a reference book for English learners to use.
D. Rosetta Stone is a language-learning software
56. The case of the young woman in the passage is meant to tell the reader that ______.
A. the woman is one of many successful language learners
B. the woman likes Rosetta Stone very much
C. many people are benefiting from the Internet language learning products
D. Rosetta Stone is one of the successful PC-based language instructors
57. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. they offer the English learners all kinds of free courses
B. learners can communicate with teachers at any time
C. students can compare notes with their e-pals about language study
D. advanced online courses usually cost more than the college ones of the same level
58. What information will be most probably provided following the last paragraph?
A. An introduction of different online language learning products.
B. An introduction of different language learning methods.
C. The strengths and weaknesses of Internet language learning products.
D. A comparison between online and college language learning.

第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Tell me, Wally,” my amazed friend asked the driver, “have you always served customers like this?”
Wally smiled into the back-view mirror.
“No, not always. In fact, it’s only been in the last two years. My first five years driving, I spent most of my time complaining like all the rest of the taxi drivers do. Then I heard the personal growth of Wayne Dyer, on the radio one day. He had just written a book called You’ll See It When You Believe It. Dyer said that if you get up in the morning expecting to have a bad day, you’ll rarely disappoint yourself. He said, ‘Stop complaining!Distinguish yourself from your competition. Don’t be a duck. Be an eagle. Ducks quack and complain. Eagles fly high above the crowd.’”
“That hit me right between the eyes. Dyer was really talking about me. I was always quacking and complaining, so I decided to change my attitude and become an eagle. I looked around at the other taxis and their drivers. The taxis were dirty, the drivers were unfriendly, and the customers were unhappy. So I decided to make some changes. I put in a few at a time. When my customers responded well, I did more.”
“I take it that has paid off for you,” I said.
“It sure has,” Wally replied. “My first year as an eagle, I doubled my income from the previous year. This year I’ll probably quadruple(增四倍) it. You were lucky to get me today. I don’t sit at taxi-stands anymore. My customers call me for appointments on my cell phone or leave a message on my answering machine. If I can’t pick them up myself, I get a trustworthy friend to do it and I take a piece of the action.”
Wally was phenomenal. He was running a first-class service out of a Yellow Taxi.
I’ve probably told that story to more than fifty taxi drivers over the years, and only two took the idea and ran with it. Whenever I go to their cities, I give them a call. The rest of the drivers quacked like ducks and told me all the reasons they couldn’t do any of what I was suggesting.
Wally, the Taxi Driver, made a different choice.
51. The underlined word “phenomenal” means ______.
A．easy-going B．warm-hearted C．flexible D．remarkable
52. Wally doesn’t park his taxi at taxi-stands just because _______.
A．his income doubles.
B．his taxi is usually fully booked
C．he has a company of his own.
D．he has a look of a disgusting eagle
53. Wally’s income doubled when he improved his service about ______.
A．one year ago B．two years ago
C．five years ago D．seven years ago
54. After reading the passage we may draw a safe conclusion that ______.
A．kindness must be rewarded
B．it’s easy to say but hard to do
C．good service pays off in the end
D．the early bird catches the worm

The amount of time children spend in institutional care（机构式照顾）may affect how their brains develop. That’s the conclusion of a new study carried out by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Harvard Medical School and the University of Minnesota. The study is published in Child Development in the journal’s January/ February 2010 issue.
To learn how the lack of care and material needs that institutionalized children often experience affect brain development, the researchers looked at 132 8- and 9-year-olds. Some of them were adopted into U.S. homes after spending at least a year and three quarters of their lives in institutions in Asia, Latin America, Russia and Eastern Europe, and Africa. Others were adopted by the time they were 8 months old into U.S. homes from foster care（寄养）in Asia and Latin America; most of these children had spent no time in institutional care, while some had spent a month or two in institutions prior to foster placement. On average, the internationally adopted children had been living with their families for more than 6 years. These children were compared to a group of American children raised in their birth families.
Children adopted early from foster care didn't differ from children raised in their birth families in the United States. Children adopted from institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse （冲动）control. Yet these children performed at developmentally appropriate levels on tests involving sequencing and planning.
The take-home message: Children make tremendous advances in cognitive（认知的） functioning once they reach their adoptive families, but the early impact on their brains' development is difficult to change completely.
"We identified basic learning processes that are affected by early institutionalization," notes Seth Pollak, professor of psychology and pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin, who was the study's lead author. "Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning problems later in children's lives."
67．The passage is mainly written to___________.
A．compare two childcare systems B．criticize the institutional childcare
C．present a new research finding D．introduce the basic learning process
68．Children have their brain development affected in institutional care because__________.
A．they suffer form poor living conditions
B．they spend too much time learning
C．they don’t have freedom staying there
D．they are neither physically nor mentally satisfied
69．Compared with home-raised children, institutionalized children didn’t do as well in tasks like__________.
A．thinking in pictures and self-control
B．working in teams and self-expression
C．putting things in order and self-defense
D．adapting to the environment and self-panning.
70．It can be concluded form the passage that__________.
A．the United States is a good place for children’s all-round development
B．a perfect family is beneficial to children’s all-round development
C．children in institutional care can hardly achieve anything great
D．nothing has been done to help children in institutional care

About 70 scientists were working on a very busy project. All of them felt really desperate due to the pressure of work and the demands of their boss but everyone was loyal to him and did not think of quitting their job.
One day, one scientist came to his boss and told him, “Sir, I’ve promised to take my children to the exhibition going on in our township so I want to leave at 5:30 p. m.” His boss replied, “OK. You’re permitted to leave the office early today.”
The scientist started working. He continued his work after lunch. As usual, he got involved to such an extent that he looked at his watch only when he \felt he was close to completion. The time was 8:30 p. m. suddenly he remembered his promise to the children. He looked for his boss but he was not there. Having told him in the morning himself, he closed everything and left for home. Deep within himself, hw was feeling guilty for having disappointed his children. He reached home. The children were not there. His wife alone was sitting in the hall and reading magazines. The situation was explosive; any talk would boomerang on him. His wife asked him, “Would you like to have coffee or shall I straight away serve dinner if you are hungry?” The man replied, “If you would like to have coffee, I too will have but what about the children?” His wife replied, “You don’t know? Your boss came here at 5:15 p. m. and has taken them to the exhibition.”
What had really happened was the boss who gave him permission was observing him working seriously at 5:00 p. m. He thought to himself: this person will not leave the work, but he’s promised to take his children to the exhibition. So he took the lead in taking them there. The boss does not have to do it every time. But once it’s done, loyalty is established.
That is why all the scientists at Thumba continued to work under their boss even though the stress was extraordinarily huge. By the way ,can you boldly guess who the boss was? He was none other that the mastermind behind India’s successful nuclear weapons program, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, former president of India.
63．The scientist asked for an early leave because_____________.
A．he felt increasingly desperate about his work
B．he meant to accompany his wife at dinner
C．the task at hand was close to completion
D．he’d promised to take his kids to a show
64．The underlined sentence implies that the scientist thought his wife was___________.
A．dissatisfied with his coming home late
B．ready to serve dinner for him
C．grateful to his kind-hearted boss
D．delighted to see him back home
65．The boss took children to the exhibition__________.
A．when it was too late for the scientist to do so
B．because the scientist was absorbed in his work
C．because he also wanted to see what was on show
D．when the man’s wife asked him to do so
66．All the scientists stayed loyal to their boss____________ .
A．out of gratefulness for his thoughtfulness
B．because he had power over them
C．to learn how to live under pressure
D．every time he took the children to the show