The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.
If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
| A．taxpayers | B．pressing calls | C．college graduates | D．government resources |
The author thinks that with full government funding ______.
| A．teachers are less satisfied | B．students are more demanding |
| C．students will become more competent | D．teachers will spend less time on teaching |
The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ______.
| A．argue against free university education | B．call on them to finance students' studies |
| C．encourage graduates to go into business | D．show their contribution to higher education |
BUY A JOINT TICKET AND VISIT THE HISTORIC ROYAL PALACES
THE TOWER OF LONDON
Royal Palace and fortress for over 900 years, scene of mystery, murder and home to the Crown Jewels.
KENSINGTON PALACE
Birthplace of Queen Victoria, this royal retreat is home to magnificent State Apartments and the stunning Royal Ceremonial Dress Collection, which includes dresses worn by HM Queen Elizabeth II and Diana, Princess of Wales.
HISTORIC ROYAL PALACES
Hampton Court Palace is part of Historic Royal Palaces, a registered charity ( No: 1068852 ) that receives no public funding. We rely on the income from admission tickets to the palaces to pay for vital protection work, necessary for the preservation of these national monuments and collections for future generations. Please ask at the ticket office for more information or visit www.hrp.org.uk.
VISITOR INFORMATION
CARRIAGE RIDES
Take a trip around Home Park in a horse-drawn carriage. Rides begin and end in Home Park at the entrance by the East Front Gardens. Available all day. 20 minutes duration. £10.00 per carriage. Subject to weather and ground conditions.
ENQUIRIES
For details of admission charges, group rates, the Friends of Hampton Court Palace and facilities for disabled visitors, call 0870-752-7777 or visit www. Hampton-court-palace.org.uk.
RESTAURANTS & SHOPS
Choose from the Tiltyard Tearooms or the Privy Kitchen Coffee Shop. There are also a number of ice-cream kiosks open in the summer. The palace shops offer a wide range of gifts and souvenirs.
AUDIO GUIDES
Audio guides are included in the palace ticket and are available in English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Japanese.
If you want to take a look at the dresses worn by some royal members, you go to __________.
| A．Kensington Palace | B．the Tower of London |
| C．Hampton Court Palace | D．Historic Royal Palaces |
You have to pay extra money if you want to __________.
| A．have an audio guide | B．visit the royal palace and fortress |
| C．take a horse-drawn carriage | D．visit Hampton Court Palace |
Which of the following information is NOT given in the passage?
| A．The protection of the national monuments. |
| B．Admission charges for group visitors. |
| C．Free gifts and souvenirs. |
| D．Conditions in which to take a horse-drawn carriage |
If you want to take your disabled sister for a visit, you can __________.
| A．get a free ticket for it |
| B．get help from Hampton Court Palace |
| C．visit www.hrp.org.uk |
| D．log on www.Hampton-court-palace.org.uk for information |
Many people think that the BBC news programs are better than those on other channels because the BBC is not a commercial company. It pays for its programs from the television license money which everyone must pay if they have a television.
The BBC, which is often known as "Auntie", is the biggest news collecting operation in the world. It has the world’s largest network of foreign correspondents (通讯员；记者）. Ten percent of the BBC’s annual budget is spent on news collecting, reporting and presenting. More than 1,700 people work for the BBC news service.
The BBC produces more than 214 hours of news and current affairs programs for radio and television each week. Each television news program costs about £78,000 per hour and each radio news program costs approximately £4,800 per hour. In the UK, about 19 million people ― almost 35% of the total population, watch the BBC television news progams every day.
Developments in technology are improving news collection and presentation every year. The BBC now uses special cameras in the TV news studios to film the news presenters, and captions― the words and sentences at the bottom of the screen, are now produced automatically by computer.
According to the first paragraph, we can learn that __________.
| A．many people are more content with the BBC than with other channels |
| B．the BBC news programs are better thought of than the news programs on other channels |
| C．the BBC news programs are better than other programs |
| D．if we have a television, we must pay the television license money. |
Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
| A．The number of the people working for the BBC news service is the largest in the world |
| B．The percentage of the BBC’s budget spent on news collecting is the largest in the world |
| C．The BBC has the largest network of foreign correspondents in the world |
| D．The BBC now uses special cameras to film the news presenters and captions |
We can infer from the passage that the UK has a population of about __________.
| A．54 million | B．19 million | C．5.4 million | D．6.6 million |
What’s the best title for the passage?
| A．The BBC News Service |
| B．The BBC Is Not Commercial |
| C．Developments in Technology Are Improving News Collection |
| D．The Biggest Operation in The World |
The first outstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman Laurent Clerc. He and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet founded America’s first school for the deaf.
When Laurent Clerc was one year old, he fell into a fire. As a result, he lost both his hearing and his sense of smell. At the age of 12, Laurent entered the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris. After he graduated, the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher.
Meanwhile, in America, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was studying to be a minister when he met a young deaf girl, Alice Cogswell. He was upset to learn that there were no schools for the deaf in America. Therefore, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed to London to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people. However, he was unable to get help. He met a French educator of the deaf who invited him to Paris to learn at the Royal Institution for the Deaf.
Gallaudet went to the Royal Institution for the Deaf, where Clerc became his Sign Language teacher. The two worked and studied well together. When the time came for Gallaudet to return to America, he asked Clerc to come with him.
The two men set sail on June 18, 1816. The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean took 52 days; however, Clerc and Gallaudet put the time to good use. They discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open. On the long trip, they had many conversations about education and deafness. The year after they arrived, they founded a school for the deaf in Harford, Connecticut.
America’s first school for the deaf was founded __________.
| A．in 1816 | B．in 1817 | C．by a Fenchman | D．by an American |
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sailed to London because __________.
| A．he wanted to study the system of deaf education |
| B．he needed to finish his studies to become a minister |
| C．he wanted to get help from Clerc |
| D．he wanted to find schools for the deaf |
." After he graduated, the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher." From this
sentence we can infer that __________.
| A．the school wanted to help Clerc to get a job |
| B．the school wanted Clerc to be prepared to teach Americans |
| C．the school was impressed with Clerc, and thought he would do a good job |
| D．the school wanted other deaf students to model after Clerc |
The main idea of this passage could best be stated as __________.
| A．Clerc was an intelligent man |
| B．Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was grateful to Clerc for all that he taught him |
| C．Clerc would teach the deaf in America rather than in Paris |
| D．Clerc, an educated Frenchman, made a difference to American Deaf Education |
A new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size. The findings are from an 8-year study of about 100,000 people. The people who were studied were between the age of 18 and 24 when the research began.
The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is linked to height. For example, fat women in the study were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms. Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms. The researchers say that more than 1,000,000 Americans are that big. The researchers found that fat young women were from wealthy families. The fat women also were 20% less likely to get married and they earned an average of about $6,700 a year less than other women. The study showed less severe effects on fat men. They earned an average of about $3,000 a year less than other men. Fat men also were 11% less likely to get married.
The passage mainly tells us __________.
| A．the standards of fat people | B．the number of fat Americans |
| C．fat people have fewer advantages | D．how long is the study |
From this study we know fat people in America __________.
| A．were respected | B．earned less |
| C．were more likely to get married | D．earned more |
. The underlined word "severe" here means __________.
| A．economic | B．social | C．good | D．serious |
The researchers consider the people fat if __________.
| A．they eat lots of food and do less exercise |
| B．they are fatter than others |
| C．they are in the top of 5% of the measurement of weight |
| D．they are in the top of the measurement in which weight is linked to height. |
A journey to China
14 days from just ￡2,090pp
Fully inclusive from the UK
Price cover international airfares, departure taxes, fuel charges, local transportation, accommodation, all meals, entrance fees, guides, daily tours and visas for UK citizens.
◆Days 1-3 UK-Shanghai
Fly to the great city of shanghai and in the evening sample traditional shanghai food. Visit the beautiful YU Gardens, Old Town. Shanghai Museum, cross the Great Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. Also explore Xintiandi with its 1920’s style Shikomen buildings and end your stay in shanghai with an amazing Huangpu river evening tour.
◆Days 4-7:Shanghai-Yangtze River Tour
Fly to Yichang and change （approx: one hour）to board your Yangtze River ship for the next four nights. Enjoy a tour of the three Gorges Dam（三峡大坝）before sailing on the grand Yangtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges. We take a side trip to the lesser Three Gorges or travel up the Shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way.
◆Day8 :Chongqing—Chengdu
Get off in Chongqing and drive to Chengdu for an overnight stay.
◆Day9-10;Chengdu-Xi’an
Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals We then fly to the historic city of Xi’an for two nights stay and enjoy traditional Shuijiao. Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20th century—the Terracotta Warriors（兵马俑），followed by the ancient City wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing.
◆Day11-13: Xi’an-Beijing
Visit little wild Goose pagoda and see the ancient objects at the well-known Shangxi Provincial museum before walking through the lively militia Quarter to see the Great Mosque. Later fly to Beijing for three nights’ stay and try Peking Duck. During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden city, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in china, and visit the summer palace. Next day we take a walk on the Great wall, tour the unique Temple of Heaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrzobatio show.
◆Day14:Beijing-UK
Fly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories.
The underlined word “sample” in the passage probably means “ ” .
| A．buy | B．reserve | C．taste | D．make |
The first and last scenic spots to he visited in Xi’an are .
| A．the Terracotta Warriors and the Great Mosque |
| B．the Terracotta Warriors and shanghai provincial Museum |
| C．Little wild goose Pagoda and Great Mosque |
| D．Little wild goose Pagoda and the Muslim Quarter |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?
| A．The tourists will have to pay extra for fuel and meals. |
| B．The tourists will visit the 1920’s Shikumen buildings in Beijing. |
| C．The tourists will take a side trip to the Three Gorges Dam during the tour. |
| D．The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK. |
The ad is mainly intended to .
| A．encourage the British to travel in China |
| B．attract the British to traditional Chinese food |
| C．offer service of booking air tickets to tourists |
| D．provide the British with a better understanding of China. |