The inhalation (吸入) of asbestos particles is associated with a number of lung diseases, such as asbestosis and ___50___ cancer.
Asbestosis is caused by the entry of asbestos particles into the wall of the alveoli, causing scarring which limits the functioning of the lungs. The lung ___51___ its elasticity and may change shape. The initial symptoms of asbestosis are a tightness in the chest and breathlessness. In its ___52___ stages, sufferers develop the barrel-shaped chests associated with emphysema, cyanosis, (where the skin takes a bluish ___53___ ) and club fingers.
Lung cancer, the generic ___54___ for malignant tumors（肿瘤）of the alveoli and bronchial tubes, has been shown to be directly ___55___ to the inhalation of asbestos particles. As in the case of asbestosis, there is generally a period of inactiveness which may ___56___ from 25 to 30 years after initial exposure, despite the ___57___of further exposure. Research suggests that there is a direct correlation between the degree of exposure to asbestos ___58___the incidence of lung cancer. Where exposure occurs, the level of risk is further ___59___ by cigarette smoking. Asbestos workers who smoke cigarettes have a 90% greater risk of catching lung cancer than workers who do not ___60___.
Exposure to blue asbestos has been shown to producemesothelioma, a rare cancer of the outer lining of the lung or pleura. In a normal population the incidence of mesothelioma is extremely ___61___. Where epidemiological surveys have revealed a higher incidence of the disease, it is almost always related to ___62___ exposure.
___63___ changes in lung tissue caused by exposure to asbestos are pleural plaques and effusions. The former refer to a thickening of the lining of the chest wall, ___64___ the latter consists of a collection of fluid in the chest region outside the lungs. Pleural plaques commonly remain undiagnosed and generally have no detrimental effect on health.
A．skin B．blood C．liver D．lung
A．loses B．gains C．improves D．tightens
A．early B．formal C．later D．final
A．size B．color C．sound D．smell
A．noun B．term C．way D．approach
A．related B．revealed C．compared D．exposed
A．disappear B．spread C．live D．extend
A．presence B．activeness C．absence D．intensity
A．and B．alongside C．as well as D．plus
A．decreased B．lost C．doubled D．increased
A．diet B．drink C．smoke D．fare
A．high B．low C．common D．frequent
A．lead B．asbestos C．carbon D．hydrogen
A．Three B．Some C．No D．Other
A．in case B．now that C．whereas D．unless
I was tired and hungry after a long day of work.
When I walked into the living-room, my 12-year-old son looked ____at me and said, “I love you.” I didn't know what to say. ____ several seconds all I could do was to stand there and ____ down at him . My first thought was that he must need ____ with his homework or he was trying to __5 __ me for some news.
Finally I asked, “What was that all about?”
“Nothing,”he said. “My teacher said we should____ our parents that we love them and see what they say. It’s____
The next day I called his teacher to find out more about this “experiment” and how the other parents had ____.
“Most of the fathers had the___ reacting as you did,”the teacher said. “When I first ___ we try this, I asked the children what they thought their parents would say. Some of them thought their parents would have heart trouble. The _ is,”the teacher explained, “feeling loved is an important part of ___It is something all people__. What I'm trying to tell the children is that it's too ___ we don't all express those feeling. A boy should be ____ to tell his dad he loves him.
The teacher, a middle - aged man, understands how ____ it is for some of us to say the things that would be good for us to say.
When my son came to me that evening, I held on to him for ____second. And just ____ he pulled away , I said in my deepest , most manly voice , “Hey , I love you , too . ”
I don't know if saying that made either of us healthier, but it did feel pretty good. Maybe next time one of my children said “I love you”, it would not take me a whole ____to think of the right ____.
A．down B．away C．out D．up
A．After B．For C．At D．On
A．sit B．get C．look D．knock
A．rest B．time C．help D．paper
A．report B．prepare C．answer D．excuse
A．help B．tell C．ask D．make
A．a matter B．an experiment C．a word D．a sentence
A．said B．reacted C．done D．explained
A．same B．different C．usual D．common
A．suggested B．agreed C．allowed D．planned
A．point B．idea C．way D．cause
A．body B．health C．life D．study
A．have B．know C．take D．need
A．bad B．good C．late D．early
A．fit B．ready C．worth D．able
A．easy B．much C．often D．difficult
A．a more B．after C．an exact D．an extra
A．before B．after C．because D．if
A．day B．week C．afternoon D．night
A．answer B．result C．reason D．experiment
My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of ．Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some to the area．
Last summer, I found a tiny little in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it growing until we could find out what it was.
Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to the weeds around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something . The sunflower had not where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big and grown under and around it to reach the ．
That’s when I that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing. If we ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we to go and get what we need for growth．
We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the to achieve our goals. Like the , it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks because it had in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be who and what we are, then the environment will begin to us. We will find a way to go under or any “rocks”in order to reach our goals．
A．flowers B．insects C．rocks D．vegetables
A．color B．water C．fertilizer D．shape
A．weed B．seed C．rock D．plant
A．stop B．continue C．improve D．escape
A．weak B．lonely C．strange D．pretty
A．remove B．tend C．watch D．collect
A．wonderful B．terrible C．valuable D．unusual
A．passed B．started C．left D．died
A．tree B．table C．rock D．wall
A．air B．top C．sun D．house
A．realized B．doubted C．regretted D．hoped
A．place B．way C．course D．process
A．fill in B．put in C．worry about D．believe in
A．forget B．hate C．aim D．wait
A．ability B．wish C．plan D．idea
A．yard B．sunflower C．home D．summer
A．energy B．virtue C．courage D．faith
A．aware of B．afraid of C．proud of D．tired of
A．support B．affect C．upset D．forgive
A．into B．around C．through D．from
Ten years ago, I moved to Chicago. As I was new to the area, I had friends and rarely went out to parties. But a month later, I was invited to a party and there I an elderly couple.
The wife and I for a long time. She told me how she was about her husband who was a heart operation. At that time I was working as a researcher in the same where the husband would be going for his operation, I told her to set down my phone number and me to let me know when he was there. She phoned a few weeks later as and told me that her husband was admitted to the hospital and waiting. I told her that I would go and cheek on him every day when I was at . I thought that if it was my dad, I would do the same, so I was determined to keep with them. Weeks turned into months and it just became my to see them and keep track of how things were going before, during and after the heart operation.
Sometimes I’d bring a for him to read, or some food that we would together. As time went by, it seemed like I became part of the . Even after the husband returned from the hospital, we still often each other on holidays. Now, ten years later, I have my own .
Since our parents don’t close by, this couple has become my son’s “local” grandparents. My wife and I often feel truly to have this couple as our “local” parents! Sometimes family comes out of the most unexpected place.
A．some B．few C．several D．many
A．served B．supported C．met D．saved
A．talked B．looked C．worked D．searched
A．pleased B．mad C．worried D．guilty
A．giving up B．turning down C．paying for D．waiting for
A．hotel B．hospital C．restaurant D．office
A．so B．but C．or D．since
A．invite B．help C．ask D．call
A．required B．predicted C．imagined D．promised
A．ever B．never C．still D．already
A．work B．school C．home D．play
A．control B．company C．pace D．trust
A．problem B．purpose C．stress D．habit
A．book B．letter C．report D．post
A．order B．share C．cook D．prepare
A．guest B．member C．doctor D．head
A．missed B．followed C．watched D．visited
A．duty B．style C．family D．dream
A．walk B．come C．live D．drive
A．thankful B．interested C．surprised D．successful
In 1982, Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank．He got into a life boat, but his supplies were ．His chances of surviving were small． when three fishermen found him 76 days later, he was alive —much than he was when he started, but alive．
His of how he survived is fascinating．His cleverness —how he to catch fish, how he evaporated（蒸发） sea water to fresh water—is very interesting．
But the thing that my eye was how he managed to keep himself going when all hope seemed lost, and there seemed no in continuing the struggle .He was starved and9 worn-out．Giving up would have seemed the only possible choice．
When people these kinds of circumstances, they do something with their minds that gives them the courage to keep going．Many people in desperate circumstances in or go mad．Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the courage to carry on difficulties．
"I tell myself I can it," wrote Callahan in his book．-Compared to what others have been through, I'm fortunate．I tell myself these things over and over, up courage．．．"
I wrote that down after 1 read it．It me as something important．And I've told myself the same thing when my own goals seemed off or when my problems seemed too terrible．And every time I've said it, I have always come back to my ．
The truth is, our circumstances are only bad to something better．But others have been through the much worse, that is, in comparison with what others have been through, you're fortunate．Tell this to yourself over and over again, and it will help you through the rough situations with a little more courage．
A．full B．rich C．few D．enough
A．And B．Yet C．Still D．Thus
A．thinner B．stronger C．worse D．healthier
A．attitude B．assumption C．instruction D．account
A．assisted B．tended C．managed D．intended
A．make B．absorb C．select D．replace
A．attacked B．caught C．froze D．cheated
A．operation B．taste C．message D．point
A．firmly B．completely C．hardly D．generally
A．deal B．defend C．survive D．observe
A．similarly B．differently C．gradually D．commonly
A．pull B．take C．break D．give
A．for the lack of B．in the face of C．in exchange for D．As a result of
A．handle B．carry C．follow D．inspect
A．rolling B．using C．building D．making
A．defeated B．Recommended C．introduced D．struck
A．far B．long C．ever D．even
A．feeling B．senses C．plans D．influences
A．related B．measured C．contributed D．compared
A．see B．cut C．go D．think
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few . On their faces was confidence（自信）. This was their last exam—then on to and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) task. The professor had said they could bring books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not each other during the test.
they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles on the students’ faces as they noted there were only five essay-type questions.
Three hours had passed the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the faces before him, and then asked, “How many completed all five questions?” a hand was raised.
“How many answered four?” Still no hands.
“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats.
“One, then? Certainly somebody finished .” But the class remained silent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I ,” He said. “I just want to impress upon you that you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the you don’t know. These questions you couldn’t answer are relatively in everyday practice.” Then smiling, he added, “You will all this course, but remember—even though you are now college graduates, your education has just .”
Over years they have the name of his professor, but not the lesson he taught.
A．seconds B．hours C．minutes D．days
A．graduation B．interview C．discussion D．education
A．must B．had to C．would D．used to
A．hold B．charge C．place D．control
A．interesting B．necessary C．unusual D．easy
A．no B．any C．either D．all
A．listen to B．talk to C．look at D．refer to
A．Joyfully B．Nervously C．Quickly D．Curiously
A．changed B．appeared C．froze D．stopped
A．then B．before C．as D．after
A．pleased B．surprised C．worried D．moved
A．Once B．Not C．Only D．Even
A．one B．all C．none D．it
A．wondered B．enjoyed C．hated D．expected
A．right now B．as though C．even though D．now that
A．exam B．question C．college D．subject
A．valuable B．difficult C．strange D．common
A．pass B．fail C．take D．start
A．begun B．completed C．failed
A．understood B．forgotten C．remembered D．strengthened