每空限填1个单词。HowtobeagoodlistenerE-优题课

“We see lots of adults being diagnosed as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (多动症) around age 38,” says Timothy Widens, MD, an professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “That’s right around the time people start doing more-tasks, juggling jobs, families, a home, and other personal duties，” he says.
But not everyone who slacks on work or forgets appointments has ADHD; there are plenty of other reasons you may be losing attentions. Here are five things that could be sucking your attention span dry.
1. Technology overload
Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted(心烦意乱)! To a certain point, your brain can act as secretary, keeping you organized and helping with time management. But the more tasks you try to do, the harder it is for you to stay focused on any single task, research shows. Learning basic organizational skills, like writing down responsibilities and maintaining a day planner, can help reduce these problems. So take a break from constant television, Internet, and email floods
2. Lack of sleep
If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye—most likely seven to eight hours a night—you’re probably easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty addressing daily tasks. That’s a normal reaction, says Dr. Widens.
3. Poor job satisfaction
Sure, everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time—maybe your customer presentation failed or your boss gave you a poor performance review. And if a disorganized working environment or a boring project make it difficult to focus, that's completely normal. But if you find that you often can't complete projects，you probably need medical attention, or a new job.
4. Too much stress
Stress takes side affects on concentration. Researchers at the University of Madison found that the relaxation technique can add to your ability to focus on your mind. Another study, from researchers at UCLA, suggests that in adults with ADHD, meditation improves attention and eases symptoms of anxiety and depression.
5. Too little exercise
Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory ability. It’s even more important in adults with ADHD. ” My patients who exercise all report that they see improvement in attention,” says Dr. Widens. Working up a sweat can also help you burn off the extra energy that causes you to feel uncomfortable, and it can help you sleep better at night.
Hopefully after you understand these helpful methods, you become more attentive on what you are doing.

Reasons that You Lose
Passage outline	Supporting details
The of the passage	To tell us we can improve our concentration by following the five things.
Technology overload	Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted! So yourself away from constant television, Internet, and email inundation— just for a break.
Lack of sleep	If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye, you areto be easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty solving daily tasks.
Poor job	Everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time. When in a disorganized environment or on a boring project, you find it difficult for you to complete projects.
Too much stress	Stress takes side effects on concentration. Relaxing yourself can your ability to focus on your mind.
Too little exercise	Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory.
	After these helpful methods, you are wished to be more attentive on what you are doing.

As Chinese President Xi Jinping leaves on Friday on his first overseas tour, which includes stops in Moscow and three African countries, Beijing’s media is very interested in Xi’s famous wife Peng Liyuan, who will be traveling with him.
China’s new First Lady, one of the country’s most famous folk singers and
a World Health Organization Goodwill Ambassador(亲善大使) for
Tuberculosis(结核病) and HIV/AIDS, has long been as well known
as her husband.
The news that she would come along with her husband on the trip has already attracted widespread attention on China’s micro-blogging service, where expectations(期望) are high about her ability to promote China’s image abroad.
“Each country’s First Lady has her own style and charm, and the thing that the world loves is color and difference,” says Tsinghua University political scientist Tang Xiaoyang.
As Peng and President Xi start their trip to Moscow, Tanzania, South Africa and the Republic of Congo, the outing is the president’s first chance to shape his image as China’s new leader before foreign audiences.
Renmin University journalism professor Zhong Xin says there are high expectations that Peng will help her husband pass on a friendly image of China.
“Mrs. Peng is beautiful and popular.” Zhong said, explaining that the new First Lady will not only have a good effect on herself, but the president and the whole country.

Peng Liyuan—China’s New First Lady
A brief__________	● Beautiful and popular. ● Famous for her folk __________. ● Well-known ________ a World Health Organization Goodwill Ambassador for Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS.
Her overseas tour	● Setting out with her __________—President Xi. ● Starting her overseas tour on Friday, __________stops in Moscow and three African countries.
Widespread attention on her	● Beijing’s media is__________ in her. ● On China’s micro-blogging service, people express that they look forward to her__________ China’s image abroad. ● The world expects her to be colorful and__________ from other countries’ First Ladies.
Possible effects	● Peng will help President Xi pass on a(n) ________ image of China. ● Peng will not only have a good__________ on herself, but the president and the whole country.

Many people think a telephone is a necessity. But I think it is of great harm and a time waste. Very often you find it impossible to escape from it. If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you least want it to ring: when you are asleep or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are in your bath. Are you strong-minded enough to ignore it? You are not. You think there may be some important news or message for you. I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later. Have you ever gone to answer a telephone in a hurry from the bath, or from the table, or from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number?
But you will say, you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls. Besides, you will say, isn’t it important to have a telephone in case of sudden emergency---illness, accident, or fire? Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity.
I think perhaps I had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what I like is good. I admit that in different circumstances---if I were a wealthy and powerful businessperson, for instance, or badly ill and had to lie in bed. I might find a telephone a necessity. But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car a necessity. Let me put it another way: there are two things for which the English seem to show particular talent: one is mechanical invention, the other literature. My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them. For I have had just been handed a piece of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone. I think I had better answer it. After all, one never knows, it may be something important.

Title: The 
Differenttowards it	Many people: It is when one wants to make a call, especially in time of emergency. The author: It can time and even be . Not everyone, a businessperson or a sick person who has to stay in bed, needs it.
Problems with it	Itto ring when one doesn’t want it to ring. Almost can ignore it even if they want to. One to answer it only to find that he is a wrong number. Anyway, one has to answer it, because it may be something.

The emotional bond a child secures with its parents has a greater impact on its education than previously thought, a report suggests. The Sutton Trust study says children’s early attachment to parents has far-reaching consequences for their ability to speak, learn and think. Parents who are insecure themselves find it harder to provide children with security, it says. And the report calls for more help so parents can develop such crucial bonds. The study focuses on the application of the theory of attachment—a key theory in child developement and psychology. This says the degree to which children are secure and resilient as they grow up depends on their own early experiences with their mothers and fathers and how they have bonded.
The report from the Sutton Trust education charity, entitled Baby Bonds, makes the case that it has an important impact on children’s future educational chances as well as their emotional well-being. It is based on an analysis of more than 100 studies on the issue, including home visits and assessments and observations of children in a range of countries. The trust argues that although psychologists have been aware of attachment theory, it has not been seen by policy makers as a key influence on educational attainment. And it asks them to take this into account. The report says when babies and toddlers do not form these strong parental bonds—known as secure attachment—they are more likely to exhibit poor language and poor behavior before they reach school.
And it cites international studies which suggest this continues late into life, with insecure children more likely to leave school early or duck out of employment or training. They are also more likely to suffer from aggression, defiance and hyperactivity later in life.
The Sutton Trust says its analysis of the research suggests that about 40% of children in the UK lack a secure attachment with their parents. Lead author Sophie Moullin said that when her team looked at large scale representative studies in a number of countries they all found, from their observations, that between 38% and 42% of children suffered from poor attachment in all the different study locations. She added: “Secure attachment really helps children with emotional and social development and at school it really helps them to manage their behavior. Shouting, looking out of the window, hitting each other…These are the things that teachers will tell you that are stopping children from learning. It’s really only as we understand more about these behavior problems that we have decided that a lot of it goes back to this early bonding with parents. ”
Research director at the trust Conor Ryan said: “Better bonding between parents and babies could lead to more social mobility, as there is such a clear link to education, behavior and future employment. The educational divide emerges early in life, with a 19—month school readiness gap between the most and least advantaged children by the age of five.
This report clearly identifies the fundamental role secure attachment could have in narrowing that school readiness gap and improving children’s life chances. “More support from health visitors, children’s centers together with local authorities in helping parents improve how they bond with young children could play a role in narrowing the education gap. ”

The Sutton Trust study
Introduction	The study reveals children’s early attachment to parents _______ affects their ability to speak, learn and think.
Method of the study	Researchers_______ more than 100 case studies on the issue through visiting homes, assessing children and ________children.
Statistics of the study	·In the UK, only about 60% of children have a secure attachment with their parents. ·In other countries where the studies were carried out, the numbers are quite________.
Negative effects of insecure _______	·A________ of secure parental bonding may lead to poor language and behavior for preschool children. At the age of five, the_______ school readiness gap between children can be 19 months. ·Without secure attachment, future life difficulties such as quitting school, _________ from work and other emotional issues would emerge.
The significance of parental attachment	Better bonding between parents and babies could lead to a change in people’s social ________ because it narrows children’s school readiness gap and it improves children’s life chances.
Suggestion	A_____ effort is needed for strong parent-child bonding.

An E-ticket ride is an especially thrilling amusement park ride. The term now can refer to anything extraordinary. What distinguishes this from any other ride is the level of detail, technology, and entertainment value.
From 1955-1982, the Disneyland theme park in Anaheim, California, sold individual ride tickets with admission to the park. In 1972, simple rides like the King Arthur Carousel took A-tickets, while Alice In Wonderland was B-tickets. C and D-ticket rides were a bit more advanced, including Peter Pan’s Flight, and Flight to the Moon. The biggest, best, and newest rides in the park were reserved for the 85 cent E-ticket. In the 1970s, this list included Pirates of the Caribbean, and the Haunted Mansion.
One interesting thing about the tickets is that Disney officials consistently referred to them as coupons, while guests insisted they should be called tickets. In 1982, the tickets — or coupons — were phased out of the Disneyland world, as the park introduced a pay-one-price admission.
As a replacement of sorts for the ticketing system, Disney introduced the FASTPASS® for some of the rides. Generally, the FASTPASS® is used on the most popular rides. Rumors often circulate to suggest that Disneyland is planning to stop using this system in favor of VIP tickets, outraging some fans.
From 1997-2004, the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida offered an experience called E-ride Nights. This popular, although costly, extra allowed ticket-holding visitors to stay in the park three hours after closing and ride some of the most popular attractions.
Today, although the tickets no longer officially exist, Disney fans still classify rides by their ticket status. In the 2007 announcement of expansions to the California Adventure Park, at least two new E-ticket attractions were announced, the Little Mermaid ride and a test-track racing ride based on the Pixar movie Cars. Recent criticisms of the re-opened Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage suggest that some fans think the ride has been downgraded to a D-ticket from its former glory.
In popular culture, the phrase has been used to refer to an extraordinary experience. American astronaut Sally Ride famously referred to riding the space shuttle as an E-ticket experience. The phrase has appeared in several movies. Fans of the Disney parks have also produced a ride-based fan magazine called The “E” Ticket since 1986. Although the term no longer applies to the Disney method of ride admission, it is still consistently popular as a popular phrase.
What Is an E-Ticket Ride?

Outlines	Supporting Details
______ of E-Ticket Ride	●It is a thrilling amusement park ride. ●It______ from any other ride in the level of detail, technology, and entertainment value.
______ of ride tickets	●From 1955-1982, A, B, C and D-ticket rides______ up in the Disneyland theme park. ●FASTPASS® was introduced to Disney to______ for the ticketing system. ●From 1997-2004, people could go ______E-ride Nights in the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. ●Disney officials referred to them as coupons all the time. ●In 2007, at least two new E-ticket attractions were announced to ______ to the California Adventure Park.
Present situation	●In popular culture, the term can refer to extraordinary______. ●American astronaut Sally Ride______ riding the space shuttle as an E-ticket experience. ●Although the term no longer applies to the Disney method of ride admission, it______ consistently popular as a popular phrase.

__________ of good listening	__________ hurts. Building __________. Allowing us to__________ and empathize, and viewing the world in an all-round way. Bringing us wisdom over and above mere intelligence. _________ the people around us feel worthy.
Components of effective listening	● Good listening consists of two key communication skills: __________ and verifying.
__________ to be a good listener	Listening to the speaker _________. Trying to be a _______ listener. Avoiding being affected by your emotions. Waiting before you take_________. Verifying. Empathizing