TheAntarcticIcecapisthelargest-优题课

There are many types of reports.A report is simply an account of something that has happened.The commonest are news reports.We get them in newspapers，over radio and on television.Sometimes cinemas also show us newsreels.
The main purpose of a newspaper is to provide news.If you examine a newspaper closely，you will find that there are all types of news:accidents，floods，fires，wars，fashions(服装)，sports，books，etc.The news covers everything that happens to people and their surroundings.Sometimes there are news items which are very amusing.
A news report is usually very short，except when it is about something very important，but it contains(包含) a lot of information.It is also written in short paragraphs.The first paragraph is in fact a summary(总结) of the news item.It gives all the necessary information，what，when，where，how and why.The other paragraphs give full details of the subject.There may also be interviews with people.The words actually spoken by them are within inverted commas(引号).
Often there are photographs to go with the news to make it more interesting.
The easiest way to get today’s news is_________.

A．to go to the cinema	B．to watch a color TV
C．to read today’s newspapers	D．to listen to the music over radio

Newspapers sell well mainly because_________.

A．they cost very little

B．they are easy to get

C．they have got pictures to go with the news

D．they provide all sorts of news in them

This passage mainly talks about _________.

A．different types of reports

B．news reports

C．happenings to people and their surroundings

D．the length of a news reports

Manhattan Island is surrounded on the east by the East and Harlem Rivers and on the west by the North and Hudson Rivers.It links with the other four towns which make up New York City and with New Jersey are by means of subways,underground tunnels and bridges which lead into Manhanttan from the surrounding area.
The Brooklyn Bridge was the first suspension bridge to link Brooklyn to Manhanttan.It is also the second oldest bridge in New York.The architect was John Augustus Roebling,who was the chief engineer of the suspended Railroad Bridge at Niagara Falls.
Misfortune accompanied the building of the bridge,which took place from 1869 to 1883.The architect died as a result of an accident early during the construction.His son,Washington Roebling,carried on his father’s work,using the most advanced engineering techniques of the day.He also fell ill during the construction of the bridge and was obliged to direct the work on it from an apartment window overlooking the site.
Since its construction the Brooklyn Bridge has remained a busy and important passage in New York.
The Brooklyn Bridge is 6775 feet long and 1595 feet wide.The suspended part is 3450 feet long and 85 feet wide.It has a clearance of 133 feet above water level.Four huge cables extend across the bridge,supported by two towers,each 272 feet high.Each of these cables is made up of 5700 wires.
If you want to go to Princeton University in New Jersey from Manhattan,you_________.

A．must drive across a bridge	B．must take a Metro train
C．have to go through a tunnel	D．can use any of the above means

The Brooklyn Bridge is _________.

A．the first suspended railway bridge in the USA

B．the first oldest bridge in New York

C．the first suspension bridge between Manhattan Island and Brooklyn

D．the first suspension bridge built in the USA

In the course of the construction of the bridge_________.

A．the chief engineer was in short of money

B．misfortune fell on the chief engineer

C．John Augustus Roebling fell ill

D．Washington Roebling met with an accident

Washington Roebling was forced to_________.

A．direct the building work on the bridge

B．lead the builders of the bridge in a hospital

C．give his directions to the workers from a flat nearby

D．direct the construction of the bridge by radio

I was six when I joined my father and two brothers at sunrise in the hayfields of Eufaula,Oklahoma.By the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up low-income rent properties.He gave me a penny for every nail I pulled out of old boards.
I got my first real job,at JM’s restaurant in town,when I was 12.My main responsibilities were cleaning tables and washing dishes,but sometimes I helped cook.
Every day after school I would head to JM’s and work until ten.On Saturdays I worked from two until eleven.At that age it was unlucky going to work and watching my friends run off to swim or play.I didn’t necessarily like work,but I love what working allowed me to have.Because of my job I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local bar Tastee Freez.This made me proud.
Word that I was honest and hard-working got around town.A local clothing store offered credit to me although I was only in the seventh grade.I immediately charged a $68 sports coat and a $22 pair of trousers.I was making only 65 cents an hour,and I was already $90 in debt!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.
My first job taught me discipline,responsibility and brought me a level of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced.As by father,who worked three jobs,once told me,“If you understand sacrifice and commitment,there are not many things in life you can’t have.”How right he was!
When the author was a child,he was made to help his father work because_________.

A．the retaurant was short for hands

B．his family belonged to the low-income group

C．he wanted to earn some money

D．he was stronger than his two brothers

At the age of 12,the author got a job at a restaurant and often worked till late at night because_________.

A．he liked that work

B．he didn’t like playing

C．he was hard-working

D．he felt rewarded by doing that work

When the author was in the seventh grade,he was in debt because_________.

A．he did not work any more

B．he bought clothes on credit

C．he was charged too much for the sports coat

D．he made little money at that time

What does the author want to tell the reader by this text?

A．If you know sacrifice and responsibility,you can have many things in life.

B．Children from poor families usually have a very unhappy childhood.

C．Children could be made to work and earn some money by themselves.

D．You will learn discipline and responsibity by working early in life.

Since long ago,greeting cards have been considered a time-saver.More than 150 years ago,a busy Englishman,Sir Henry,asked a friend to design a card so that he didn't have to labour to write holiday letters to his friends at the end of the year.Those paper cards are now the tradition.
But time,like sunlight,is still in short supply for December.That's why the Internet is ready to make a change in holiday greeting customs.Already,those,who are always busy,like sending video greetings by e-mail.So,don't be surprised to find a lively card in your electronic mail box at the end of the year or at any time you should have one.
A recent survey by the Shared Greetings Company found 50 percent of all the Internet users will send online cards especially during the holiday seasons.“That is a lot easier,and it is lively,”said Carol,a New Yorker,who had stopped at the Shared Greetings Company demonstration() online.With her children's help,she sent her first e-card before Thanksgiving Day.“It was the first time I had done something like this;it's quite enjoyable,”she said.
“I will send online Christmas cards to my friends,”said Marcos,a 22-year-old student.“It costs so little and you can even send numbers of greetings at a time.”But he added “the e-card also has its limits,and I don't think it is ready to replace the paper card for the more formal or traditional occasions.For some people,I would rather buy paper cards and mail them traditionally.I believe it is more personal and respectful in that way,”he said.
Well,for those who are very busy but still prefer to do a lot of greetings to different receivers in the holiday season,the Internet may have another way.“Now you can use the Net to decide and send as many as 50 beautiful cards,which allows the buyer to choose the inside saying,as well as the ink colour and typeface,only costing about 30 minutes,”said Julie,vice-president of marketing for an electronic card company-Hallmark Company.“And if you are in less of a hurry,you can spend another 30 minutes sitting in your home or office to create a photo card,showing off your kids,your pets or even your new house-anything as your favorite design for your relatives and friends.”
How can we understand “But time,like sunlight,is still in short supply for December”in Paragraph 2?

A．December cannot supply enough time for people because the sunlight in this month is short.

B．People are always busy at the end of the year,so time is precious like the sunlight in winter.

C．Time is short at the end of the year,like the sunlight in December.

D．Time passes quickly like the sunlight in winter as December comes.

According to the 22-year-old student,he would probably mail e-cards to everyone except_________.

A．the members of his family

B．his girlfriend

C．the teachers who have taught him

D．his schoolmates

If you are quite busy,but having many greetings to send,which of the following is your best choice?

A．Ordering a lot of cards you like online and sending them from the post office.

B．Getting as many cards from your electronic mail box and mailing them on the Net.

C．Sitting and writing lots of beautiful cards at home and sending them just in a traditional way.

D．Choosing personalized cards in numbers and mailing them directly on the Net.

There are new findings that not enough sleep may cause people to gain weight.Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal changes that increase feelings of hunger.
In one study,researchers in the United States examined information on more than 1000 people.The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleep disorders.
Some people slept less than five hours a night.They had 15 percent higher blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours.And they had 15 percent less of the hormone leptin.Experts say ghrelin helps make people feel hungry;leptin makes you feel full.
The scientists say these hormonal changes may be a cause of obesity in Western societies.They note the combination that limitation is common and is widely available.
The results were not affected by how much people exercised.People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy.But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods,so people gain weight.It seems that,for survival,the body may be designed to store more fat during times with less sleep.
Researchers from Stanford University in California and the University of Wisconsin did the study.They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.
The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine.Internet users can read the full study,free of charge,at plos.org.
Which of the following shows the right way in which lack of sleep causes weight gain?

A．more ghrelin and less leptin→feeling hungry→eating more

B．feeling hungry→eating more→more ghrelin and less leptin

C．burning more energy→feeling hungry→eating more

D．more leptin and less ghrelin→feeling full→less exercise

The two words missing in the 4th paragraph should be “_________”and “_________”.

A．weight;sleep

B．sleep;food

C．hunger;food

D．weight;work

When you sleep 7.7 hours a night,you will_________.

A．have your ghrelin level rise and leptin level drop

B．have your leptin level rise and ghrelin level drop

C．have your ghrelin and leptin levels properly balanced

D．feel neither hungry nor full

The writer wrote this passage to_________.

A．make a news report	B．offer a piece of medical advice
C．make an advertisement	D．keep a record of the research findings

	Surface area(sq mi)	Volume(cu mi)	Percentage of total
Salt water
The oceans	139,500,000	317,000,000	97.2％
Inland seas and saline lakes	270,000	25,000	0.008
Fresh water
Freshwater lakes	330,000	30,000	0.009
All rivers(average level)	－	300	0.0001
Antarctic Icecap	6,000,000	6,300,000	1.9
Arctic Icecap and glaciers	900,000	680,000	0. 21
Water in the atmosphere	197,000,000	3,100	0. 001
Ground water within half a mile from surface a mile from surface	－	1,000,000	0. 31
Deep-lying ground water	－	1,000,000	0. 31
Total (rounded)	－	326,000,000	100.00

A．Fresh Water in the World	B．Water Supply of the World
C．Salt Water of the Earth	D．Protection of the Water in the World

A．about 1,086,700 cu mi	B．about 6,300,000 cu mi
C．about 680,000 cu mi	D．about 2,000,000 cu mi

A．In Arctic Icecap and glaciers.	B．In Deep ground.
C．In the Antarctic Icecap.	D．In the atmosphere.