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Leadership is the art of getting someone to do something you want done because he wants to do it. People naturally want to follow a good leader. After meeting with an effective leader it is not unusual to feel uplifted(情绪高涨), inspired, and motivated to work towards a common goal.
An effective leader makes others feel good about themselves, as well as the work they are doing. The leader has a vision(幻想)of what he or she wants to achieve, and can communicate that vision to others in a way that makes people want to be part of it. One thing a good leader typically does is to communicate the big picture, so that each employee can see how the particular role he or she plays makes a contribution to the final result.
Good leaders are positive and optimistic when they speak about the future. Their enthusiasm wins them plenty of supporters who help make their vision a reality.
Good leaders also understand that different people are motivated by different things. For employees motivated by a need for achievement, a leader explains how the task offers an opportunity to take on a challenge with an achievable goal. And employees are motivated by hearing how they will be part of a team of people working together.
Good leaders will introduce employees by name first, rather than job titles. They refer to employees as team members, companions, or colleagues, never as “servants”. Words have power, including the power to make people feel whether or not they are important to the success of an organization.
Good leaders believe that every team member matters and set up environments that make everyone feel important. It is no wonder they can attract the support they need to help them achieve their goals.
What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A.To tell us how to be a good leader at work.
B.To describe the proper relationship between leaders and employees.
C.To inform us of how leaders and employees should communicate.
D.To show the optimism of a leader.

What is the most important to be a good leader?

A.A good leader learns art very well.
B.A good leader can promote employees.
C.A good leader can satisfy all his or her employees.
D.A good leader can make employees happy and willing in their work.

What should a good leader do for an employee who wants to succeed at work?

A.To promote the employee to a leadership role.
B.To draw a beautiful picture of the employee’s future.
C.To encourage the employee to meet the challenges of his work.
D.To let the staff know the important role the employee plays.

We can infer from the passage that_________.

A.a good leader is always good at creating comfortable working conditions
B.the support of employees is necessary for a leader to reach his goal
C.names are much easier to remember than job titles
D.the motivation of the employees all comes from the leader
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 中等
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When Jackie Robinson walked onto Ebbets Field in Brooklyn, New York, on April 15, 1947, he changed baseball forever. As the first African American to play in the Major League in modern times, many believe he changed the country forever.
Robinson was born in 1919. He lived in a time when rules controlled what African Americans could do. He was a top athlete, playing football, basketball and baseball. But playing for a major league team was off limits to Robinson because of his race.
Branch Rickey, president and manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, signed(和…签约)Robinson in 1947. He believed that Robinson not only had the skills, but the courage to face the challenge of becoming modern baseball’s first black player.
It wasn’t easy. Robinson sometimes faced boos(嘘声)from fans. But he became a star, anyway. In 1962, he became the first African-American player chosen to enter the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 2005, he was awarded a Congressional Gold Medal, the highest award can give to an American.
By breaking baseball’s color barrier(肤色障碍), Robinson opened the door for many to follow his footsteps, not only in baseball, but in other areas of life as wall. After he stopped playing the game, Robinson worked as a manager for a coffee company. He wrote a newspaper column(专栏). He also started a bank.
According to Branch Rickey, Jackie Robinson was _____________.

A.poor but clever B.unlucky but confident
C.proud and strong D.brave and skilled

We can know that Jackie Robinson’s story _______________.

A.changed many African’s ideas
B.had an effect on many black people’s lives
C.encouraged black people to fight with whites
D.started a hot discussion about the color barrier

Which of the following is NOT what he once did?

A.a newspaper column writer B.a banker
C.a university teacher D.a manager in a company

For thousands of years, man has enjoyed the taste of apples. Apples, which are about 85 percent water, grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas. Among the leading countries in apple production are China, France and the United States.
There are various kinds of apples, but a very few make up the majority of those grown for sale. The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious, Golden Delicious, and McIntosh..
Apples are different in color, size and taste. The color of the skin may be red, green or yellow. They have various sizes, with Delicious apples being among the largest. The taste may be sweet or tart(酸的). Generally, sweet apples are tasted fresh while tart apples are used to make applesauce(果酱).
Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve meters. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.
It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are_______.

A.grown in France B.sold everywhere C.very big D.quite sweet

Cold winter weather is good for________.

A.the growth of apple trees
B.producing large apples
C.improving the taste of apples
D.the increase of water in apples

China, France and the United States are considered to_______.

A.be small producers of apples
B.be large producers of applesauce
C.have the longest history in apple production
D.have the coldest winter among apple production

The word yielded in the last sentence means________.

A.improved B.increased C.produced D.sold

Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again.They want to bring water to the deserts,so people can live and grow food.They are learning a lot about the deserts.But more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time.Scientists may not be able to change the desert in time.
Why is more and more land becoming desert?Scientists think that people make deserts.People are doing bad things to the earth.
Some places on the earth don’t get much rain. But they still don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants don’t let the sun make the earth even drier. Plants do not let the wind blow the dirt away. When a bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become desert more easily.
Deserts ________ .

A.never have any plants or animals in them
B.can all be turned into good land before long
C.are becoming smaller and smaller
D.get very little rain

Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplaces because _____ .

A.they don’t let the sun make the earth even drier
B.they don’t let the wind blow the soil away
C.they hold water
D.All of the above.

Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause ______.

A.plants can’t grow there
B.there is not enough rain
C.people haven’t done what scientists wish them to do
D.scientists know little about the deserts

Why is more and more land becoming desert according to this passage?

A.Earthquakes make deserts. B.Wind makes deserts.
C. Lack of water makes deserts. D.People make deserts.

Going Zero Waste means more than dealing with the rubbish we create. It means reducing it, too. People who go Zero Waste are careful about what they do. They never take more than they need, they reuse plastic bags, and they make good plans not to buy more than necessary before going shopping.
Kamikatsu, a Japanese village, has already gone Zero Waste. The 2,000 villagers recycle everything possible. There are 34 different boxes at the recycling center! The villagers sometimes just feel unhappy about what they have to do, but they also see the good side.
Let’s think about how to enjoy a Zero Waste Christmas. By sending recyclable cards, we can help our friends and family reduce(减少) waste. And wouldn’t it be better to enjoy the spirit of Christmas with a real tree that can be re-planted in spring?
Going Zero Waste requires us to think more about what happens before and after we act. It is not always easy. But just think how good it would be, both for ourselves and for the earth we live on, if we never had to waste anything.
The underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to __________.

A.a plastic bag B.the rubbish C.a difficult thing D.going Zero Waste

Which of the following is a way of going Zero Waste?

A.Plant trees at Christmas.
B.Using plastic bags when shopping.
C.Sending recyclable cards for Christmas.
D.Buying things when you are very hungry.

What is the purpose of this passage?

A.To persuade people to reduce waste.
B.To teach people how to enjoy Christmas.
C.To introduce the life of Japanese villagers.
D.To tell people how to deal with difficulties.

How is the passage developed?

A.Topic--Examples--Discussion B.Examples--Argument--Topic
C.Topic--explanation--Argument D.Examples--Explanation--Discussion

In today’s world, almost everyone knows that air pollution and water pollution are harmful to people’s health. However, not all know that noise is also a kind of pollution, and that is harmful to human, too.
People who work and live under noisy conditions usually become deaf(耳聋的). Today, however, scientists believe that 10% of workers in Britain are deafened by the noise where they work. Many of the workers who print newspapers and books, and who weave cloth become deaf. Quite a few people living near airports also become deaf. Recently it was discovered that many teenagers in America could hear no better than 65-year-old people, for these young people like to listen to “pop” music and most of “pop” music is a kind of noise. Besides, noise produced by jet plane or machines will make people’s life difficult and unpleasant, or even make people ill or even drive them mad. It is said that a continuous noise of over 85 decibels(分贝) can cause deafness.
Nowadays the governments in many countries have made laws to reduce or control noise and make it less than 85 decibels. In China, the people’s government is trying to solve not only air and water pollution problems but also the noise pollution problems.
In the world today, not every person knows .

A.water pollution B.air pollution C.harmful pollution D.noise pollution

Today scientists believe that.

A.90% of all the workers in Britain are not suffering from noise
B.10% of all the workers in Britain are working in noisy places
C.10% of all the workers in Britain are deafened by the noise where they work.
D.90% of all the workers are free from any noise

Those whousually have poorer hearing.

A.weave cloth B.sell newspapers
C.like listening to music D.often travel by plane

According to the passage, a continuous noise can make you deaf.

A.in working places B.of less then 85 decibels
C.of over 85 decibels D.of only 85 decibels

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