Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment. Children's relationships with peers (同龄人) strongly influence their success in school, and children with fewer friends are more likely dropping out of school, becoming sad and other problems.
Making and Keeping Friends Is More Than Child's Play
When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning, her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie. Though they were only separated by a weekend, the girls "ran right into each other's arms and hugged," recalls Rachel's mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert. "It was like a scene from a movie."
Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child. Experts agree that friendship is not simply child's play, but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life.
A Skill for Life
"Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood," says Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia, psychologist with the Center for Children's Health & Life Development.
Researcher William Hartup states, "Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (认知的) development." Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior, but rather, how well a child gets along with other children.
The work of Arizona State University proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids, so is the lack of friends detrimental.
Good Friendships Don't Just Happen
Experts agree that it is basic for children to develop high-quality friendships. But, researchers warn, these friendships don't necessarily just happen. Often, a good friendship begins with involved （卷入，牵连）parents.
Valley psychologist Dr. Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading.
Bad Company
Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child's friendships. "When she was in 1st grade, her supposed 'best friend' began calling her names and threatening to hurt her," says Mindy Miller. "My daughter wasn't allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class. It really crushed (压跨) her spirit. I told my daughter she didn't need a 'friend' like that."
"I'll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him," Adler-Tapia says. "I don't look at it as manipulation (操纵), just positive parental involvement. " The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to show that ________.
| A．childhood friendship is of great benefit to their growth |
| B．a positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems |
| C．it is a proven（被证明的） fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life |
| D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend |
The underlined word "detrimental" could be replaced by _______.
| A．valuable | B．disappointing | C．accurate | D．harmful |
We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from ______.
| A．social skills and good study habits |
| B．school grades and classroom behaviors |
| C．academic success and social adaptation |
| D．positive parental involvement and social skills |
From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr. Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that ______.
| A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens |
| B．it's wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships |
| C．parents only need to help their children to deal with difficult social situations |
| D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can |
第三节阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
Celebrations spread across China when Shanghai, the Oriental Pearl, was given the right to host the 2010 World Expo on December 3. Shanghai won the honor after beating rivals from Russia, Mexico, Poland and South Korea.
“I’m very proud of being Chinese,” said Wang Kaibo, a Senior 2 student of the Middle School Attached to Beijing Medical University. “The winning of the expo is a victory, not only for Shanghai residents, but for the people of the whole Chinese nation.”
Bidding for the expo shows that China is more confident of playing a more important role on the international stage. It’s competing for large events and the next one could be the World Cup, Wang said.
The World Expo 2010 and the 2008 Beijing Olympics will become the twin shining stars of China’s development over the next 10 years, said experts. The World Expo is known as “Olympics of the economic, cultural, scientific and technological fields.” It is usually held every five years and lasts for six months. The Olympics, World Cup and World Expo are considered three top international events in the world.
China is the first developing country to win the expo bid in the event’s about 159-year history. Not only will it attract more foreign investment to China, but experts say that the half-year-long exhibition will bring at least 70 million visitors to Shanghai.
The expo was first held in London in 1851. It has a history of global influence. The Eiffel Tower, built during the Paris World Expo in 1889, became the symbol of the French capital. Many historic inventions, such as the telephone and airplane, all made their first appearance at a World Expo.
41. What does the underlined word “rivals” probably mean in the 2nd paragraph?
A. competitors. B. enemies.C. players. D. supporters.
42. The winning of bidding for the World Expo 2010 and the 2008 Olympic Games implies ______.
A. China is beginning to play a more important part on the international stage.
B. China has played the most important role in the international affairs.
C. China has become a developed country for many years.
D. China is the first Asian country to win the expo bid in history.
43. As we know, in general, the Word Expo is usually held every ______ years, while the Olympics is usually held every ______ years.
A. 4；5 B. 5；4 C. 4；4 D. 5；5
44. By bidding for the expo and the Olympics, we are sure that ______.
A. China will beat rivals from Russia, Mexico, Poland and South Korea
B. China will become a super country in the United Nations
C. China will build a famous tower like Eiffel Tower as the symbol of the capital
D. China will develop more quickly than before and will benefit a lot from them
Are you a student in Pickering? Do you like to write? Can yo
u imagine Pickering in the year 2025? If you say yes to these questions then you should enter the “In Your Words ”writing contest. You can write an essay, story or a poem on the topic “Imagine my diverse community in the year 2025”
Guidelines :
1. Students are to submit a piece of writing (e.g. poem , story , essay ) on the topic.
2. Entries will be separated into three categories : Elementary : Grades 2-5, Elementary : Grades 6-8, Secondary: Grades 9-12.
3. Entries should speak to issues of diversity(差异/多样性), equality and or race relations. Entries that speak to personal experiences or personal thoughts about the topic are recommended(推荐/建议).
4. Entries are to be 600 words at most . Typed. Double spaced . Size 12 front.
5. First, second and third places will be chosen for each category to award an “Honourable Mention”.
6. One submission per student will be accepted.
Timelines :
All entries must be submitted(上交) by 4:00 pm on December 3,2009.
Only mailed or hand-delivered original submissions will be accepted ( no faxes or emails ).
Judges will review entries and select winners in each category by February 2010.
Incentives(奖励)：
Contest winners will be invited to share their submissions at the Race Relations Forum hosted by the Pickering Advisory.
Winning entries will be displayed in the lob
by of the Pickering Civic Complex and featured on the city of Pickering website for the month of March 2010.
The winners of each category will have their entries printed in the News Advertiser and other possible publications.
72. Which of the follo
wing is NOT a topic of the writing contest ?
AFamily responsibilities B. Social justice(正义)
C. Relationship between different racesD. Various races in the same community(社区)
73. According to the passage, if you join in the contest, you_______.
A. must base your writing on your personal experiences
B. should write an article of at least 600 words
C. can submit several pieces of writing
D.will be free to choose a writing style
74. If an entry is awarded, it will be ______.
A. advertised in a newspaper B. used as learning material
C. posted on the Pickering website D. presented at an international forum
75. How many contestants at least will be awarded in all ?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 9
It was two years ago in winter when I went
with my family to Engadine in Switzerland. The journey by car was pleasant until we reached the bottom of the Julier Pass(尤里尔隘口) when it began to snow.
Suddenly, the weather became very bad and soon we found ourselves in a storm. On the top of the pass, the visibility(能见度) was almost zero and we had to guess where the crash barrier(防撞护栏) was. It was terrible, the snow turned into ice and stuck to the windows despite the heating being set at full blast. Several times I had to get out of the car to clear the ice from the windshield(挡风玻璃).
But the way down towards Silvaplana was less stressful and we knew that we would arrive in paradise(乐园). It snowed without interruption the first day of our holidays and not being used to this natural weather, we found it simply magical to watch so much snow falling down on the mountains.
The following day, in this large, amazing area made up of frozen lakes and rivers between white mountains, we discovered a little hut next to the cross-country ski tracks, close to a farm. There was a fridge in this heated wooden cabin that contained milk, cheese and yoghurts for self-service. There was a list of prices for each item. You took what you wanted, then wrote down the total on a notebook what you had taken and put the money into an open box and if necessary took the change.
Where else could you find such trust? As I’ve already told you, Engadine is a paradise.
69.The author and his family were caught in a storm when they_______.
A. began the visit to Engadine B. were in Silvaplana
C. were passing the Julier Pass D. crashed into barriers
70. According to the passage, in the little hut________.
A. foods were offered to tourists for free B. tourists had to serve themselves
C. tourists had to enjoy their own food D. there were several persons on duty every day
71. What may impress the author most?
A. The white mountains. B. The Julier Pass.
C. The frozen lake . D. The little hut.
While scientists are worried that hu
mans are causing higher temperatures on the Earth, a Maryland man, Ace, thinks we can save the world by spraying（喷射）huge amounts of water into the air.
Ace told the McClatchy News Service that at least 1,000 places should be chosen to spray water. The water would be sprayed between 20 and 200 feet into the air. Thousands of tons of seawater would be sprayed for years at a time.
The 1,000 sites would be picked after more studies. They would be mostly in the Northern Hemisphere(北半球). Ace says he would avoid tropical（热带的）areas of the globe. He says water turns to rain too quic
kly in these areas for his plan to work.
The water would be changed into vapor. That process requires heat. The water vapor would rise above the Earth. The water vapor would form clouds. The clouds would help in several ways. They would cool the Earth by reflecting sunlight. They would later turn into rains. The rains would provide another way of cooling the Earth.
Ace’s plan has gotten some support from a limited scientific study. Kenneth Caldeira is a climate scientist. He works at the Carnegie Institution’s Department of Global Ecology at Stanford University in California. Caldeira tested some of the Ace’s figures on a computer program. The computer model is used by top scientists to study global climate change. The model showed that the plan might work.
“More tests are planned in 2009. Ideas like Ace’s should be considered carefully and with an open mind,” Cal
derira said. “Every brilliant（卓越的）invention in the history of technology looked a little bit mad when first put forward.”
65.What’s the purpose of Ace’s plan?
A. To reduce air pollution.
B. To make summer cooler.
C. To offer dry areas more rain.
D. To solve the problem of global warming.
66.According to Ace’s plan,___________.
A. planes would be used to spray water.
B. it would be best to spray water on rainy days.
C. se
awater would be sprayed high into the sky
D.1,000 sites in the Southern Hemisphere would be chosen.
67.Why wouldn’t Ace spray water in tropical areas?
A. Water is changed into vapor too quickly.
B. Water turns to rain too quickly.
C. It is hard for vapor to form clouds.
D. It is bad for local plants to have too much rain.
68. It seems that Caldeira ____________.
A. takes Ace’s plan seriously
B. thinks Ace’s idea too crazy
C. doesn’t believe the computer’s result
D. agrees to carry out Ace’s plan right away
Arguing with your parents is totally natural for teens. From your hairstyle to your friends, to your marks at school, to your television habits, to your future plans, it might just seem like you argue with your parents about everything. While this is not generally a pleasant state of affairs, it is normal and it will most likely pass.
Argue fairly
Arguments between teens and parents generally come about when both parties believe that they know what is best for the teen. Parents have been caring for their teens for over a decade, but teens are quickly becoming adults and believe that they are able to take care of themselves. If you must agree with them, argue fairly by: Allowing each person to speak their mind. Refusing to interrupt others when they are speaking. Sticking only to the topic at hand.
Argue respectfully
No matter how heated things may get during an argument, try to remember that your parents still are worthy of your attention, respect and love. During arguments, be respectful by: Keeping your voice lowered at all times and refusing to shout. Sitting still and staying calm. Refusing to engage in angry actions such as kicking, throwing or hitting anything. Reasonably explaining the reasons for your opinions.
_________
There is a thin line between having a discussion and engaging in an argument, but smart teens know that keeping their interactions with their parents at the discussion level practically guarantees that they will be taken more seriously. No one likes to argue, and the parents of teens can be especially weary of it, so keeping things at the discussion level will work to everyone's advantage.
Arguing with parents is practically a sign of the teenaged years, but out-of-control arguments don't serve anyone well. Before arguing with your parents, decide what type of teen you want to be and what compromises (妥协)you are willing to make in order to achieve your goals. You never know, you might just avoid an argument a
ll together.
60.This passage mainly tells teens______.
A. arguments don't solve any problem
B. arguing with parents may hurt them
C. some tips on arguing with parents
D. how to avoid arguing with parents
61. When arguing with your parents, you should______.
A. make up your mind not to give in
B. show your respect for them
C. express your opinions through actions
D. make full preparations for it
62. Which of the following is proper for the blank in the passage?
A. Take discussion seriously B. Argue seriously
C. To be smart teens D. Argue only when needed
63. The underlined phrase "be weary of "in the passage probably means_ ___.
A. be proud of .B. be interested in
C. be tired of D. be satisfied of
64.It seems that the author thinks teens' arguing with parents is_______
A. normal B. practical C. shameful D. impolite