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Why do some people have many friends while others do not? However, it is not so. Let’s look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.
The first experiment is called the “Hawthorne effect” after Hawthorne, Illinois, where the experiment took place. A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company. The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone. They were surprised to find that productivity increased on both occasions and in both groups. They concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management. It had increased their motivation and so they had worked harder. In other words, if you take an interest in others, they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.
After Martin Luther King, Jr was killed in 1960s, a teacher, Jane Elliott, living in an all-white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.
She divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and other with brown eyes. Other eye colors such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise. Then she told the class that brown-eyed people were cleverer than blue-eyed ones because of an agent for brown color found in their blood. Blue-eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted. Jane Elliott did not need to say any more. The brown-eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class. The blue-eyed students became quiet and withdrawn. Then she discovered something very interesting. Four poor brown-eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before. So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates. Congratulate them on their success and sympathize with them in their troubles.
| A．Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them. |
| B．Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behavior to you. |
| C．The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore others. |
| D．The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others. |
E. Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behavior but also their confidence and their performance.
F. You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.
G. The second experiment tells us what teachers said had a great effect on the students.
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1Many students feel stressed around big moments in their lives like during final exams or when applying to college. Stress can be a pretty dangerous thing, because it can cause you to become sick.. Here are some ways to cope with stress:
Laugh Laughter is really one of the best medicines. When things get stressful, do things that make you laugh. Watch a funny movie. 2Chat with friends and family.
Take a Deep Breath Breathing is a great way to reduce your stress. Taking deep breaths or doing breathing exercises may seem silly, but it do help you relax and clear up your mind.
Plan Ahead Most students tend to study hard when test time comes close or do their homework right before it is due. However, having a plan will do a lot to decrease your stress. 3
Sleep Sleep is another great tool in reducing stress. 4 You should be getting at least 6 to 8 hours of sleep each night. As you know, a lack of sleep can be bad for your health.
Learn to Say “No” 5So there are times when it is okay to say “no” to the requests of friends, families and teachers. If it is going to add too much to your stress level, just say so.
| A．There are a lot of ways to deal with stress. |
| B．Sometimes life gets pretty stressful. |
| C．Read an interesting book. |
| D．Some stress comes from doing everything you’re asked to do. |
E. It is essential that we allow our bodies to recover from daily stress.
F. Give yourself the appropriate amount of time to complete tasks, and break those tasks down into manageable portions.
G. You can lose yourself for a while in the music.
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Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems, and possibly cancer.
1Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙）， They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood，etc. 2
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
3 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say. ___4___ Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. 5
| A．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. |
| B．They said that laughter is much healthier than anger, |
| C．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it. |
| D．Anger may cause you a cancer. |
E.Do not express your anger while angry.
F.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
G.Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内内容，从A、B、C、D、E中，选出最适合放入短文空缺处的选项。选项中有一项是多余的。
A.Make the important points
B.Understand the lessons
C.Study at the right time
D.Gather study materials
E.Study in advance
Tips on taking exams
The following are a few study tips for high school students and college students, which will help you answer your exam papers with confidence. _________
It is better to have all the study materials available to you before you start reading. This not only includes your texts and notes but also the previous years’ notes and things like a dictionary and reference books. This has two advantages. Firstly, you do not need to break your concentration (专心) by searching for books. It saves time. Secondly, it gives you a feeling of being prepared for the exams, as you have all the necessary things and the only thing left its to start studying .__________
The most common mistake that students make is that they start studying a day or two before exams. You can’t revise (复习) all the notes if you study only two days before exams. Therefore, what most of the students do is study only the “so-called” important points. As a result , even if the test paper is easy , you get a low score only because you don’t know the entire syllabus （课程提纲）. So start studying at least a month before the exams._________
If you have descriptive subjects, do not just remember the answers. Try to understand what you are reading, for this is the best methods for good recall at the time of exams. The major disadvantage of reciting is that if you forget one word of the answer during your exam, you tend to go completely blank. On the contrary (相反地), if you understand the subjects well, you can write the answer on your own at any time. For exams like math , practice at least five sums every day. Math cannot be learned in a day .________
The last tips is to study when you are in your best mentally active state. Some people are comfortable studying in the early morning, while some like studying at night. Find out the time when you are fresh and relaxed and choose that time for your studies.
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If you think you’ve gained too much weight or are too skinny, you can talk to a doctor. Your doctor will tell you 1. ______________.
If it is concerned about your height, weight, or BMI (体重指数), your doctor may ask questions 2. ______________. Your doctor may also ask about your family background to find out if you’ve received something from your parents that might make you taller, shorter, or a late bloomer (someone who develops later than other people of the same age). The doctor can then put all the information together to decide 3. _____________.
If your weight isn’t in a healthy range, you will probably get specific diet and exercise recommendations based on your individual needs. Following a doctor’s or dietitian’s plan designed especially for you will work much better than following fad (时尚) diets. For teens, fad diets or starvation plans can actually slow down growth, and the weight loss usually doesn’t last.
What 4. ______________? Most teens who weigh less than other teens of their age are just fine. They may be going through puberty on a different schedule than kids of the same age, and their bodies may be growing and changing at a different rate. Most underweight teens catch up in weight as they finish puberty during their later teen years so there’s rarely a need to try to gain weight.
In a few cases, teenagers can be underweight because of a health problem that needs treatment. If you feel tired or ill a lot, or 5. ____________, or other problems that have lasted for more than a week or two, be sure to let your parents or your doctor know.
| A．whether you might have a weight or growth problem. |
| B．if you have symptoms like a cough, stomachache |
| C．about your health, physical activity, and eating habits |
| D．if you’re worried about being too skinny |
E. if you take care of it
F. whether you’re growing normally
G. about your dieting
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What is a big dream? (1) Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment? Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realizing dreams. They often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.
The Self
Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It’s there for protecting and should be listened to. (2) Most people are influenced by the inside voice. That’s why only a handful of people make their dream come true.
(3)
Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.
The World
If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. (4)In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world. Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.
The way to realize a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action, they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well. (5)
| A．Family and Friends |
| B．How Big Dreams Die |
| C．Does a big dream show one’s future? |
| D．They simply fail until they succeed. |
E.It is the last and the most terrible barrier.
F.Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong
G.And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.