It makes no difference what you read or study if you can't remember it. You just waste your valuable time. One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading.
Why does a clerk in a store go away when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank you.I'm just looking.”? Both you and she know that if you aren't sure what you want, you are not likely to find it.But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you.I want a pair of sun glasses.” She says, “Right this way, please”
If you choose a book, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that--nothing.But if you do know what you want, you are almost sure to get it.Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”, “to understand the reasons for” and “to find out how”.
Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened to write about America”.Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.
At least two important processes go on at the same time.As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to
yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author.
This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions.Facts can be checked by evidence, opinions are one’s own personalreactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sources.Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.
A.Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting. |
B.It is important for students to have a positive attitude to their study. |
C.You remember better when you know what you' re reading. |
D.In other words, a good reader is a critical reader. |
E. It’s quite the same with your studying.
F. Reading is not one single activity.
G. This is the way it works.
根据短文内容,从下框的选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。(涂卡时,E涂AB,F涂AC)
Know your introduction and your conclusion. Channel your nervous energy. Know your audience. Use deep-breathing techniques. Be prepared Select an appropriate topic. |
How you calm yourself before giving a speech? Both modern research and centuries of experience from experienced public speakers suggest some practical advice._____
Know to whom you’ll be speaking, and learn as much about your audience as you can. The more you can anticipate the kind of reaction your listeners will have to your speech, the more comfortable you’ll be in delivering your message. Be audience-centered rather than speaker-centered._____
You will feel less nervous if you talk about something you are familiar with or have some personal experience of. Your comfort with the subject of the speech will be reflected in your delivery._____
The better prepared you are, the less anxiety you will experience. Being prepared means that you have researched your topic and practiced your speech several times before you deliver it._____
You are likely to feel the most anxious during the opening moments of your speech. Therefore, it is a good idea to have a clear plan for how you will start your speech. Being familiar with your introduction will help you feel more comfortable about the entire speech. If you know how you will end your speech, you will have a safe harbour in case you lose your place. If you need to end your speech ahead of time, a well-delivered conclusion can permit you to make a graceful exit.____
One of the symptoms(症状) of nervousness is a change in your breathing and heart rates. Nervous speakers tend to take short, shallow breaths. To help break the anxiety—reduce breathing pattern, consider taking a few slow deep breaths before you rise to speak.
根据短文内容,从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A.Ways to advertise a product B.Things to be advertised C.Advantages of advertising D.A scientific business E.Preparations for an advertisement F.Ways to try out an advertisement |
__________________
Advertising is a highly developed twentieth-century industry.The development of radio, television, cinema, magazines and newspapers has gone hand in hand with the development of advertising.Why is advertising so popular? Is it a waste of money? It has been proved again and again that repeated advertising increases product sales.Since it increases production, the price can be reduced.Therefore advertising, instead of making a product more expensive, makes it cheaper.______________________
What can you advertise ? You can advertise products of all kinds, such as shoes or umbrellas, or services like car repairs and travel.In Europe and USA political leaders often use recorded TV advertisements to persuade people to vote for them.Besides broadcast advertisements on radio and TV, there are other ways to advertise : cinemas,magazines and newspapers, for example.Large boards can be used for printed posters,especially near main roads.A sign outside or inside a shop is a form of advertising.Balloons and light planes can be used to pull huge signs as they fly slowly over a city.________________
Advertising is now a scientific business.Once managers would say jokingly, " I know that half of what I spend on advertising is wasted, but I don't know which half." Now, all parts of an advertising programme are properly measured and researched._________________
How are advertisements made? A company goes to an advertising firm to discuss the advertising of its product.The firm collects as much information as possible about product and the consumers who might buy it.The person at the advertising firm in charge of the matter then holds a meeting.Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement, and a person who will buy space in the newspapers or time on TV.There will be a writer writing the text for the advertisement and a designer who will design it, using pictures or photographs or the text._________________
When the advertisement is ready, it is shown to the company.If the company agrees, they may try it out in a small part of the country to see if product sales increases as a result of the advertisement.If they do, then it will be used throughout the country.If the advertisement fails, the whole program will be reviewed.Researchers will go out and interview possibles customers to find out the reasons for this failure.
根据短文内容,从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。注意:E涂AB F涂AC
A.Take a bus instead. B.Have a look at the map. C.Consider buying a Metrocard. D.Locate the closest subway station. E.Follow the rules of the subway station. F.The best way of traveling in New York City |
___________
When traveling in New York City, often the best way to travel is by subway.The New York City subway system has over 800 miles of track, making it.one of the most extensive subways in the world.At first, it may be complicated to ride the subway.However, after following a few tips, you can make it much easier.___________
You may worry about getting lost in this big and modem city.Firstly, you should figure out where you are coming from and where you want to go.Actually, the easiest way to do so is to view a map.At NYC Subway, org, you can find a route map, track map and historical maps.Simply go to the website and click on the map you want on the left side navigational panel (导航面板).___________
Another suggestion is to buy a special card for your traveling in New York City.You can buy a Metrocard you can recharge as you need it or you can buy an unlimited - use Metrocard.It will make riding the subway much more convenient.You can purchase Metrocards in subway stations or in stores which display a Metrocard sticker on their window.___________
If you get lost, don't worry.Stay calm and find out where you are.Then you should go to the nearest subway station.There are over 400 subway stations located in New York City.If you have any questions, you can ask the clerks at the subway stations.Subway maps list the subway stations, so just pick the one closest to you.___________
Like traveling by other means of transportation, you have to follow some rules while taking a subway.In some subway stations in New York, you may have your bags checked.Also be aware of other rules.The rules are posted at each subway station.If you are not clear, be sure to read the rules first.
根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
-Mary, do you want to see the pictures of my holiday in Italy?
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-Ah, it was great! The food was great! The wine was great! But the traffic was terrible!
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-Those Italians are crazy drivers! I don’t want to think about it!
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-Yes, so here’s a picture of the Tower of Pisa.
-How nice!
-It was raining that day, but it was still wonderful. We climbed to the top!
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-That’s a photo of the Arno River. That’s the “Ponte Vecchio”, the old bridge.
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-It was very interesting. There were beautiful old buildings in the city, and lots of wonderful museums.
-That’s nice.
A.And what’s this? |
B.Why was t so bad? |
C.Yes , it was wonderful. |
D.What was Florence like? |
E. Let’s return to the good parts.
F. Sure, what was your holiday like?
G.Well, did you like your hotel there?
____It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River.__
__The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west,and materials could pour into the east.The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.
The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York.____Between 1825,when the canal was opened,and 1882,when toll charges (过运河费) were stopped,the state collected $121,461,891.
For a hundred years before the Erie was built,people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean.The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton.Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(沟)”.____ He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal,but they were unsuccessful.
Clinton became governor of New York in 1817,and shortly afterwards,on July 4,1817,broke ground for the canal in Rome,N.Y.The first part of the canal was completed in 1820.___The length of the canal is 363 miles.
A.As the canal grew,towns along its course developed fast. |
B.It cost $ 7,143,789,but it soon gained its price many times over. |
C.The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US. |
D.More workers were needed to build the canal. |
E.Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it.
F.To dig the canal benefited Americans.
G.It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.