What if I took that big jump on my bike?What’s the worst thing that could happen if I go out at midnight?Should try smoking?The teen years can play out like a choose-your-own-adventure novel.
Teenagers must act on an endless parade of choices.Some choices.including smoking.Come with serious consequences.As a result, adolescents often find themselves trapped between their impulsive tendencies（-Just try it!)and their newfound ability to make well-informed and logical choices（-Wait, maybe that’s not such a good idea!）.
So what makes the teenager’s brain so complex? What drives adolescents-more than any other age group-to sometimes make rash or questionable decisions?
If you have ever thought that the choices teenagers make are all about exploring and pushing limits, you are on to something. Experts Experts believe that this tendency marks a necessary period in teen development.The process helps prepare teenagers to confront the world on their own. It is something all humans have evolved to experience-yes, teens everywhere go through this exploratory period.Nor is it unique to people:Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development.
For example，laboratory experiments show that young mice stay close by their mothers for safety. As mice grow．their behavior does too．“When they reach puberty，they’re like，‘I’m gonna start checking out how this environment looks without my mom，…explains Beatriz Luna,of the University of Pittsburgh．
As a developmental cognitive neuroscientist，Luna studies those changes that occur in the brain as children develop into adults．She and other researchers are showing how the teen experience can lead to powerful advantages later in life．Take mice again：Young mice that explore most tend to live longest——that is，unless a cat eats them，Luna adds．What is the best title for the text?
| A．Teenagers make endless choices |
| B．The teenage brain drives them to be different |
| C．How the teenage brain develops |
| D．Researches about the teenagers |
What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
| A．It means “you are wrong”. |
| B．It means“you lose your way”． |
| C．It means“you get the point”． |
| D．It means“you are off the point”. |
According to the text,the teenager who explores most wiIl
| A．make no mistakes in his life． |
| B．have advantages over others. |
| C．loSe his confidence even his life. |
| D．experience no failure and live Iongest. |
What does the writer want to tell us by taking mice for example？
| A．young mice try to look for safety. |
| B．Young mice like to stay with their mothers. |
| C．Mice also experience a period to explore the world. |
| D．Mice experience different stages. |
What may the text discuss in the next part?
| A．How call a teenager make right choices |
| B．Why the parents shouldn’t allow teenagers to smoke |
| C．What has been discovered in the lab experiment． |
| D．What really goes on in the teenage brain. |
12-year-old John Thomas Robertson is a born train fan. “I’ve liked trains probably from the day I was born,” he told Good Morning America. “When I was very little,” he said, “my grandpa got me a train model. I would just watch it go round for hours and hours.”
When Robertson finally had the opportunity to ride on a train, he felt great. His journey was so mind-blowing that he couldn’t keep it to himself: he decided to take all his classmates to go on a ride with him. When he found that some of his classmates couldn’t pay the fares, he spent money he had saved by collecting cans（罐子）and bottles and raised more than ＄1,000 for them.
That train was such a happy one that he made it yearly action. “It never gets boring for some reason; it’s just very fun,” he said. “It really lets people get away from their busy life and have fun.”
Every October, Robertson takes a new group of disabled children to ride the train — but now, he has a problem. Several disabled children were refused because the train was not accessible（可用的）to disabled people. “He was angry to think that children of his own age couldn’t ride a train,” his mother said.
But he wouldn’t say no: he recently sent a letter to the train office for help. To his surprise, the leader, Ty Pennington, took the letter seriously. He said that he and his workers would work on making a train accessible to disabled people.The first time John Thomas Robertson took a train, he_______
| A．felt extremely happy. | B．was frightened by it. |
| C．watched it for hours. | D．acted as a driver. |
John Thomas Robertson is a born train fan, because he _______.
| A．was taken on a train the day he was born. |
| B．his grandpa once worked on the train. |
| C．took a group of disabled children on board a train. |
| D．was greatly attracted to trains since early childhood. |
The underlined word “mind-blowing” can be replaced by “_______”.
| A．exciting | B．frightening |
| C．surprising | D．disappointing |
The disabled children were refused to get on the train because _______.
| A．they couldn’t afford the train tickets |
| B．Robertson had not saved enough money for tickets |
| C．the train didn’t have special services for them |
| D．the workers there would not allow them to do so |
According to the passage, we can see that Robertson is a（n）_______ child.
| A．honest and crazy | B．kind and helpful |
| C．clever but boring | D．lazy but kind |
The word advertising refers to any kind of public announcement that brings products and services to the attention of people. Throughout history, advertising has been an effective way to promote（促进）the trading and selling of goods. In the Middle Ages, merchants employed town criers to the public messages aloud to promote their goods. When printing was invented in the fifteenth century, pages of advertisements（ads）could be printed easily and were either hung in public places or put in books.
By the end of the seventeenth century, when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people, printed materials became an important way to promote products and services. The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising. This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants.
Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century. Ad writers were starting to pay more attention to the design of the ad text. Everything, from clothes to drinks, was promoted with clever methods such as reception of the firm's name or product words organized in eye-catching patterns, the use of pretty pictures and expressions easy to remember.
Near the end of the nineteenth century, companies that were devoted to the production of ads came to be known as "advertising agencies（广告商）." The agencies developed new ways to get people to think of themselves as members of a group. Throughout the twentieth century, advertising agencies promoted consumerism（消费主义 as a way of life. Spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the "right" products.What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?
| A．Merchants were employed to promote products. |
| B．Ad messages were shouted out in public places. |
| C．Product information was included in books. |
| D．Ad signs were put up in towns. |
What does the word "This" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
| A．Advertising in newspapers. | B．Including pictures in ads. |
| C．selling goods in markets. | D．Working with ad agencies. |
The 18th century advertising was special in its ________.
| A．growing spending | B．printing materials |
| C．advertising companies | D．attractive designs |
Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
| A．The Story of Advertising |
| B．The Value of Advertising Designs |
| C．The Role of Newspaper Advertising |
| D．The Development of Printing for Advertising |
which of the following statements about the London Gazette is true?
| A．It was a newspaper for advertising |
| B．It was the first newspaper in London |
| C．It was successful in promoting products and services |
| D．It was the most popular newspaper in London |
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission（录取）to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon（外科医师）, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?
| A．She couldn’t get admitted to medical school |
| B．She decided to further her education in Paris |
| C．A serious eye problem stopped her |
| D．It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States |
What main obstacle（障碍） almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?
| A．She was a woman. |
| B．She wrote too many letters. |
| C．She couldn’t graduate from medical school. |
| D．She couldn’t set up her hospital. |
How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?
| A．Eight years | B．Ten years |
| C．Nineteen years | D．Thirty-six years |
According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell, except that she ______.
| A．became the first woman physician |
| B．was the first woman doctor |
| C．and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children |
| D．set up the first medical school for women |
Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her life in _______.
| A．England | B．Paris |
| C．the United States | D．New York City |
The Evergreen Teen Book Club invites you to join us and take full advantage of our limited-time introductory offer.
If you join our club, you will receive a certificate for 3 free books. These are yours to keep, even if you decide to cancel your membership. However, if you decide to purchase just one book at the regular club price, you will receive a certificate for an additional 3 free selections after your first order is placed.
As our member, you can benefit from all of our super sales and our Bonus(奖励) Program. You accumulate 2 bonus points with each cash purchase of one book. Every 6 bonus points will earn you a certificate for one free book!
To join our club, fill in the brief application listing your name, address, and phone number on the postage-paid card at the bottom of this page. Then drop the card in the mail and our present catalogue will be immediately mailed out to you for your 3 free selections!
This catalogue offers a wide selection of over 500 books in every issue, including mysteries, adventures, biographies, cookbooks, sports, and many more. Our catalogue also contains interviews with your favorite authors, reviews of newly published novels, and a teen top-ten list for both fiction and nonfiction.
Once you are a member, you will receive our catalogue monthly, but you don’t need to purchase any selections. We send you only exactly what you order.
If you join before June 30th, we will also provide complimentary shipping (免费送货)，even if you choose to order nothing except your 3 free books.
You can build a great book collection!
Begin now by taking advantage of this great offer.If you join the Evergreen Teen Book Club, you can __________.
| A．buy books at cost price |
| B．get one free book for a cash purchase of 3 books |
| C．receive a gift after each order |
| D．expect 3 free books each month |
If Lily wants to get free delivery, she should __________.
| A．accumulate 6 bonus points |
| B．order at least 3 books |
| C．purchase the catalogue |
| D．join the club before June 30th |
The purpose of the text is to get more people to __________.
| A．join the club and order books |
| B．read different kinds of books |
| C．collect books for the club |
| D．learn from famous writers |
Minimalism(简约主义)is a term that describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is reduced to its most basic features．As for me, minimalism functions well not in art or design, but in my daily life．
When I was packing for university, I found it extremely difficult to let go of some of the things I owned．I knew I couldn’t take everything with me, but I kept asking myself “how could I possibly throw this away?”, “what if I need it one day?”, and “what about all of the memories?” Now that I’ve moved, and left that stuff behind, I don’t even miss it. Whether or not I got rid of it, it barely makes a bit of difference to me now．I’ve learned that over time people forget, or their need for a particular object eventually disappears. Either they store it away or they get rid of it．
You might think nostalgically（怀旧的）about the toys you cared about when you were a child, but what is making you smile now is not the thing itself but the memory of it. I’ve heard it a hundred times, “you don’t need things to make you happy.” It takes something life-changing like moving across the country to realize how true this is．
Speaking of which, for a lot of people, minimalism is about able to move．It’s about being able to go almost anywhere at any time because you don’t have many possessions to carry. When you keep things you don’t need, they become a burden that ties you to a place. Moving to university was a good time to let go of a lot of stuff．And when I visit for the holidays, I’ll probably get rid of even more, to lighten the burden．
Of course there are exceptions. There are some things that are irreplaceable, very rare or expensive or we simply love and cherish for some reason or another, since we are humans．But after we keep those, how much is left that we don’t really need?
Hence, minimalism．And why does minimalism bring happiness? That’s because what really makes me happy is freedom．And the key to freedom is minimalism because minimalism reduces our attachment to things．
Attachment to too many objects creates a great mess and can severely hold back our freedom to do whatever we want, while minimalism helps us start new projects, move, travel, learn new things, work, expand, be debt-free, be healthy – really living life to our full potential．
I left the nest to fly onwards and upwards. I can’t do it with old things weighing me down. And that is why I have adopted minimalism with open arms．In paragraph l, the writer gives the definition of minimalism to ________．
| A．introduce a topic | B．present his own idea |
| C．describe a scene | D．offer an argument |
Many people don’t want to let go of some of their belongings because ________．
| A．they haven’t had any life-changing experiences |
| B．they hope to live life to their full potential by storing things away |
| C．they fear their memories will be gone with the thrown-away stuff |
| D．they may have to change their lifestyle because of the loss of them |
Which of the following is NOT the reason why the writer favors “minimalism” in life?
| A．It takes the burden off her while she is moving． |
| B．It reduces her attachment to her personal things． |
| C．It enables her to gain the freedom that she desires． |
| D．It helps her to realize how true life is． |
What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．Minimalism brings happiness． |
| B．Minimalism is applied in many fields． |
| C．Minimalism makes people think nostalgically． |
| D．Minimalism is about able to move． |