So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
| A．it is one of the most difficult school courses |
| B．students spend endless hours in reading |
| C．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance |
| D．too much time is spent in teaching about reading |
The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.
| A．teachers can improve conditions at school for the students |
| B．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading |
| C．teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading |
| D．teachers can make their teaching activities observable |
The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“________”.
| A．inquiry | B．observation | C．control | D．suspicion |
According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
| A．children become highly motivated |
| B．teacher and learner roles are interchangeable |
| C．teaching helps children in the search for knowledge |
| D．reading enriches children’s experience |
The main idea of the passage is that ________.
| A．teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read |
| B．teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible |
| C．reading ability is something acquired rather than taught |
| D．reading is more complicated that generally believed |
Our first winter in Canada was the happiest we have experienced. We were living in the countryside then and had just arrived from Hong Kong that autumn. One evening in mid December snow began to fall. When we looked out of the window and saw that it was snowing, we all cheered. It was the first snow we had ever seen and we were excited. We could hardly wait for the snow to stop so that we could go out to play. Next morning when we woke up, it was still snowing. We switched on the radio and learned that more than ten inches of snow had falled during the night and that since the roads were blocked there would be no school that day. We jumped up and down for joy and begged mother to let us go outside to play in the snow. She said we could go out after breakfast if we dressed ourselves warmly and promised to come back as soon as we felt cold.
When we went out, the snow had almost stopped. The roads , paths, gardens, and playing grounds were all hidden under a white blanket of soft snow. It was the most beautiful sight we had ever seen. Just then, we saw some neighbour’s children coming out to play. We ran over to join them. Together we built a snowman and a snow house. After that, we took turns sliding down a hill on a large piece of cardboard. We were having so much fun when supper time came. Mother almost had to force us to go in and eat.The children all cheered when they saw the snow because ________.
| A．they knew they would have no school for the next day |
| B．it was the first time they had seen snow |
| C．they knew that winter had come |
| D．they liked cold weather |
The children didn’t have to go to school because ________.
| A．their teachers were sure that children liked snow |
| B．they wanted to play on the snow field |
| C．heavy snow blocked the roads |
| D．their mother allowed them to play truant |
The writer and his brothers and sisters built ________.
| A．a snowman and a cardboard house of their own |
| B．a snowman and a snow house for themselves to live in |
| C．a snowman and a snow house with their neighbors’ children |
| D．a white blanket on the roads |
A book review tells not only what a book is about, but also how successful it is at what it is trying to do. Professors often assign (布置) book reviews as practice in careful analytical (分析的) reading.
As a reviewer, you bring together the two parts of accurate, analytical reading and strong, personal response when you indicate what the book is about and what it might mean to a reader. In other words, reviewers answer not only the WHAT but the SO WHAT question about a book. Thus, in writing a review, you combine the skills of describing what is on the page，analyzing how the book tried to achieve its purpose, and expressing your own reactions.
Most book reviews start with a heading that includes all the basic information about the book, like:
Title.
Author.
Place of publication, publisher, date of publication.
Number of pages.
The review usually begins with an introduction that lets your readers know what the review will say. The first paragraph usually includes the author and title again, so your readers don't have to look up to find this information. You should also include a very brief description of the contents of the book, the purpose or audience for the book, and your reaction and evaluation.
Then you move into a section of background information that helps place the book in context and discusses how to judge the book. Next, you should give a summary of the main points, quoting (引用) and explaining key phrases from the author. Finally, you get to the heart of your review -- your evaluation of the book. In this section, you might discuss some of the following issues:
·How well the book has achieved its goal.
·What possibilities are suggested by the book.
·What the book has left out.
·How the book compares with others on the subject.
·What personal experiences you've had related to the subject.
It is important to use labels (标签) to carefully distinguish your views from the author's, so that you don't confuse your readers.
Then, like other essays, you can end with a direct comment on the book, and tie together issues raised in the review in a conclusion.
There is, of course, no set form, but a general rule is that the first one-half to two-thirds of the review should summarize the author's main ideas and at least one-third should evaluate the book. According to the text, personal response of a book reviewer refers to _______.
| A．accurate and analytical reading |
| B．the reviewer’s understanding about the background of the book |
| C．the reviewer's indication of what the book is about and what it means to a reader |
| D．skills of describing what is on the page |
What is the most important part of a book review?
| A．The heading. | B．The evaluation. |
| C．The conclusion. | D．The introduction. |
Readers will get puzzled if __________.
| A．there is no heading in a book review |
| B．the book review is not complex enough |
| C．the reviewer's point of view is mixed with the author's |
| D．there are some different issues listed in the book review |
What is suggested for a book review in this text?
| A．Quoting from other similar books. |
| B．Commenting on the book in a fixed form. |
| C．Analyzing the author's writing experience in the past. |
| D．Comparing the book with others on a similar subject. |
There are quite a few advantages of wearing school uniforms．The idea may seem disagreeable at first，but considering all the positive effects coming from wearing uniforms you would be more likely to enjoy them．
Teachers love school uniforms because it helps provide an orderly learning environment．Having students dressed in uniforms may teach them how to present themselves in a neat and professional manner．It gives students the opportunity to learn how to dress like young ladies and gentleman．And they can focus their attention on academics rather than style．
Purchasing(购买) school uniforms is easy and needs less hesitation and consideration．No matter what the school's policy is，there are only specific essential(基本的) pieces to the wardrobe(服装) that are necessary，so it won’t break the bank．A few wardrobe items can last a long time．Parents could also enjoy an easy morning，as it will take less time to choose a set of clothes for the school day．
Students wearing uniforms will feel less pressure about what to wear or not to wear when their classmates are dressed similarly．Getting dressed before school becomes less of a chore(琐事) when students are limited in their choices，so there shouldn’t be any trouble about choosing an outfit the day and getting ready quickly．Some students may not like the lack of individuality(个性) with a uniform，but some school dress code policies may offer them the opportunities to show their unique styles．
Uniforms today are also becoming trendier and can be seen in many areas of pop culture．Celebrities(名人)and fashion designers are using uniforms as inspiration for new looks which also appeal to students．What would be the best title for the text?
| A．How to dress properly． |
| B．The history of school uniforms． |
| C．The advantages of school uniforms． |
| D．How to deal with pressure in school． |
Teachers think that wearing school uniforms __________．
| A．is just a tradition that students should follow |
| B．makes students feel less pressure in study |
| C．helps students put more effort into their studies |
| D．makes students lose their independence and identity |
The underlined part “it won't break the bank” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_______”．
| A．a school uniform doesn’t cost a lot of money |
| B．a school uniform should be worn every day |
| C．parents will have to go to the bank many times |
| D．parents who work in a bank can afford the uniform |
We can infer from the text that school uniform __________．
| A．are not popular with fashion designers |
| B．were not accepted by parents in the past |
| C．will be designed by students themselves |
| D．will be more fashionable in the future |
Each of us can live strong，healthy，energetic lives for a long time to come．The key？Actually，there are many of them．
Eat fewer calories，but more food
Slimming down can help prevent disease，and cutting way back on the amount you eat may even slow the aging process．When nutrition researchers invited themselves over for dinner in kitchens across the globe-from Greece to Japan to the state of Pennsylvania--they discovered a stomach-satisfying secret to good health：Pile your plate high with vegetables and fruits，add respectable parts of beans and whole grains，and ignore high-calorie food like cheeseburgers，cream sauces，and fatty meats．
Use exercise as an anti-aging vaccine
Exercise can help you gain a better quality of life as you age．It's no secret that physical activity strengthens muscles，burn calories，and puts a happy bounce in your step．But recently，researchers discovered a new，extra benefit：Exercise acts as a powerful way against the aging process itself. When exercise physiologists put healthy people aged 60 to 85 on Weight-training programs for six months then tested them for signs of free-radical(自由基) damage，they were surprised by the results．By the end of the study，low-intensity exercisers had a drop in free-radical damage，while high-intensity exercisers had a slight increase．
Find something interesting to do
Life is always busy no matter what your age．But the truth is，when people are retired，time usually does become more available for adults after 60．With this time come choices．The easy one is merely to relax：watch more TV，eat out more often，talk on the phone as much as you want．The better choice? Discover something more meaningful to devote yourself to and do it wholeheartedly．Which of the following is what you should eat more?
| A．Fatty meats． | B．Whole grains． |
| C．Cream sauces． | D．Cheeseburgers． |
The new discovery of exercise probably is that__________．
| A．it can help you live a better life |
| B．it can strengthen muscles |
| C．it can burn calories |
| D．it can prevent aging process |
When do you have more free time according to this text?
| A．In your fifties． | B．Beyond sixty． |
| C．Over seventy | D．Before sixty． |
The best title of this text should be "_______"．
| A．How to Keep a Balanced Diet |
| B．The Importance of Your Health |
| C．Keys to living Longer and Better |
| D．Hobbies making Your Healthy |
Are you learning a foreign 1anguage? Do you find it challenging to learn a foreign language? However，there are a few tips you can use in order to earn a top grade--as well as actually use the skills you've learned．
One of the most important and basic lessons in dealing with a foreign language is to learn and understand each concept and lesson before moving on to the next one．If you don’t understand one concept but move on to the next chapter anyway，you're less likely to understand the new material．
Learning a new language is not only an academic tool，but can help you in your everyday life as well．Being good at another language can help you communicate with other people，aid you when traveling to foreign countries，and even make your resume look better．
And it is important to learn correct pronunciation as soon as possible for poor pronunciation can be hard to break．Native speakers of the language as well as others fluent in the language you are 1earning will appreciate your efforts to learn correct pronunciation．
Gather outside materials such as books，study guides，books on tape，and travel books to aid you in learning the language．Your textbooks can't possibly teach you everything you need to know，so seeking out—side sources is generally a good rule of thumb to keep in mind．
A significant motivator in learning a foreign language is traveling to the country where the language is spoken．That way，you can see firsthand how the language is used，learn the culture，and meet native speakers of the language．Native speakers appreciate sincere attempts of others who take the time to learn their language．
Seek out native speakers of your new language in your school or neighborhood．They can help you with many skills，including pronunciation，and they can provide immediate feedback on your progress．This passage is written to __________.
| A．explain why learning a foreign language is challenging |
| B．tell us the importance of learning foreign 1anguages |
| C．tell us some ways of earning a top grade |
| D．give us some tips on learning foreign languages |
What's the best subtitle of Paragraph 3?
| A．Think beyond academic tool. |
| B．Learn each concept. |
| C．Plan a trip to use your skills． |
| D．Consider a language as an academic tool. |
We can learn from the passage that __________.
| A．textbooks are not good for us when 1earning a foreign language |
| B．1earning pronunciation well from the very beginning is very important |
| C．poor pronunciation can be easy to break with the help of native speakers |
| D．seeking too many outside sources will be more harmful than beneficial |