Goingtocollegeandlivingawayfro-优题课

We know that hugs make us feel easy inside. And this feeling, it turns out, could actually ward off stress and protect r the immune (免疫) system, according to a new research from Carnegie Mellon University.
It’s a well-known fact that stress can weaken the immune system. In this study, the researchers sought to determine whether hugs----like social support more broadly ----could protect individuals from the increased sensitivity to illness brought on by the particular stress that come with interpersonal conflict.
“We know that people experiencing ongoing conflicts with others are less able to fight off cold viruses. We also know that people who report having social support are partly protected from the effects of stress on psychological states, such as depression and anxiety, “the study’s lead author, psychologist Dr. Sheldon Cohen , said in a statement. “We tested whether awareness of social support is equally effective in protecting us from sensitivity to infection caused by stress and also whether receiving hugs might partially account for those feeling of support and thus protect a person against infection.”
In the experiment , over 400 healthy adults filled out a questionnaire about their perceived (感知) social support and also participated in a nightly phone interview for two weeks . They were asked the frequency they engaged in interpersonal conflicts and received bugs that day.
Then, the researchers exposed the participants to a common cold virus, and monitored them to assess signs of infection. They found that both perceived social support and more frequent hugs reduced the risk of infection associated with experiencing interpersonal conflict. Regardless of whether or not they experienced social conflicts, infected participants with greater perceived social support and more frequent hugs had less severe illness symptoms.
“This suggests that being hugged by a trusted person may act as an effective means of conveying support and that increasing the frequency of hugs might be an effective means of reducing the effects of stress,” Cohen said. “The apparent protective effect of hugs may result from the physical contact itself or hugging being a behavioral indicator of support and closeness. Either way, those who receive more hugs are somewhat more protected from infection.”
If you need any more reason to go wrap your arms around someone special, consider this: hugs also lower blood pressure, reduce fearsome around death and dying, improve heart health and decrease feeling of loneliness.
In Paragraph 1, the underlined words “ward off “can be replaced by ____.

A．produce	B．increase
C．prevent	D．support

Dr. Sheldon Cohen’s experiment shows that ____.

A．hugs can hide serious illness symptoms

B．social conflicts can monitor signs of infection

C．social support can reduce the risk of having a cold

D．depression and anxiety result from less social support

The passage aims to convey that ____.

A．hugs can have protective effects

B．social support can sure diseases

C．interpersonal conflicts cause infections

D．stress can weaken our immune system

The passage is most likely to be found in ____.

A．a social science magazine

B．a commercial brochure

C．a medical report

D．an academic essay

While you may think that being smart and talented would logically make someone successful in running a business, unfortunately, this is often not the case.
This problem starts back in school when the stressful “group projects” are first assigned .The smartest don’t want to risk their grade in the class by dividing the work equally and hoping that an average student does his part well. They just take over and do the whole project themselves.
And thus begins the smart-people work cycle. The smartest people do just about everything better than most everyone else until it comes to running a business. They are not better. A smart person who can’t stand someone else doing a job badly does everything himself. Then, he is stuck with the one-man band “job-business” and ends up not being able to grow. However, it is quite interesting and strange that some “slackers” ( a person who is lazy and avoids work) are better suited to be a business leader than the “smart” people.
Smart and talented people often have a gift for the unusual, complicated or different. They don’t like to follow the KISS principle (keep it simple, stupid), which is required to make a business succeed. Maybe you think the global presence of McDonald’s complex, but in reality, in the company, every single task is broken down into easy-to-follow steps and everything has been standardized. These successful companies have just a few smart enough people to run the majority of the tasks in a way that can’t be screwed up by their average employees. So, being smart or talented isn’t going to help you unless you can use those smarts to figure out a way to simplify those tasks that will make a business successful.
Another issue with the smart people starting businesses is that they often have the most to lose. The smarter you are, the more options you have available to you. You will be able to make a lot of money in various fields and have room in your career to become promoted. This means that when you start a business, you have a lot more to risk than those who are not equally smart. This is often referred to as the “golden handcuffs” dilemma.
So, don’t be surprised when the person “MOST Likely to Succeed” from high school ends up as an employee and it is one average student that finds success in his or her own business.
In group work, smart students often take over the whole project because they believe ____.

A．the work is not divided equally

B．they can perform better than others

C．the group projects are too stressful

D．average students are unwilling to participate

McDonald’s is used as an example to prove that ____.

A．a business calls for smart people’s talent

B．average employees can perform complex tasks

C．smart people are important for a successful business

D．simplified tasks are required for the success of a business

The underlined expression in Paragraph 5 refers to the situation where smart people ____.

A．have fewer options in a company

B．risk more when starting business

C．are unwilling to put money to a business

D．can have a good income in many different fields

What is the best title for the passage?

A．Potentials for Success

B．Bases for Business

C．The Ordinary Achieve Bigger Success?

D．Talent Means Successful Business?

The Evergreen Teen Book Club invites you to join us and take full advantage of our limited-time introductory offer.
If you join our club, you will receive a certificate for 3 free books. These are yours to keep, even if you decide to cancel your membership. However, if you decide to purchase just one book at the regular club price, you will receive a certificate for an additional 3 free selections after your first order is placed.
As our member, you can benefit from all of our super sales and our Bonus Program. You accumulate 2 bonus points with each cash purchase of one book. Every 6 bonus points will earn you a certificate for one free book!
To join our club, fill in the brief application listing your name, address, and phone number on the postage-paid card at the bottom of this page. Then drop the card in the mail and our present catalogue will be immediately mailed out to you for your 3 free selections!
This catalogue offers a wide selection of over 500 books in every issue, including mysteries, adventures, biographies, cookbooks, sports, and many more. Our catalogue also contains interviews with your favorite authors, reviews of newly published novels, and a teen top-ten list for both fiction and nonfiction.
Once you are a member, you will receive our catalogue monthly, but you don’t need to purchase any selections. We send you only exactly what you order.
If you join before June 30th, we will also provide complimentary shipping (免费送货)，even if you choose to order nothing except your 3 free books.
You can build a great book collection!
Begin now by taking advantage of this great offer.
If you join the Evergreen Teen Book Club, you can __________.

A．buy books at cost price

B．get one free book for a cash purchase of 3 books

C．receive a gift after each order

D．expect 3 free books each month

If Lily wants to get free delivery, she should __________.

A．accumulate 6 bonus points

B．order at least 3 books

C．purchase the catalogue

D．join the club before June 30th

The purpose of the text is to get more people to __________.

A．collect books for the club

B．read different kinds of books

C．join the club and order books

D．learn from famous writers

Yesterday I started the Year of Giving, my first day of a year-long journey into exploring the act of giving and the meaning of charity. I chose December 15 as the starting date, which marked three years since my mother died from heart disease. She was one of the most generous people that I have ever known. She always thought of others first and certainly serves as an inspiration to me.
I had a rather busy day yesterday, ironic (具有讽刺意义的) for someone who is unemployed right now. In the morning I went to the gym, and unsuccessfully got the phone call from the unemployment office for some job searching. Before I knew it, it was noon. I grabbed a quick lunch and rushed down to a meeting. On my way to Connecticut, I wondered if I would see someone that I would feel forced to give my first $ 10 to. I was running late and decided to do it afterwards.
After the meeting I had about half an hour to find the first person of my Year of Giving! I decided to check out DuPont Circle. I had met a guy there named Jerry once and thought he would willing accept my $ 10. He wasn’t there, but I did see a man sitting by himself who looked really lonely, so I approached him. Now I had to figure out what I was going to say, I think I said something like, “Hi, can I sit down here?” “I would like to know if I could give you $ 10?” He asked me to repeat what I had said, I did, then he looked at me funny, got up and left.
I then started walking south where I spotted a man standing by the bus stop on Connecticut Ave. He appeared to be in his 60s. I don’t know what drew me to him, but I thought I would make my second attempt. I was a bit nervous and asked him which bus came by that stop. Then I explained that I was starting a year-long project to give $ 10 to someone every day and that I wanted to give my $ 10 for today to him. The gentleman, I later found out that his name was Ed, responded without hesitation that he could not accept my offer and that there were many people more deserving the money than him. This was exactly one of the things that I hoped would happen. People would think of others before themselves.
The author set the starting date on December 15 to ____.

A．help the charity	B．remember his mother
C．make an explosion	D．fulfill a wish if his mum

In the author’s first attempt to give away the money, ____.

A．he was considered ridiculous

B．he hesitated for a long time

C．he was forced to donate the money

D．he had no time to take action

In the author’s second attempt, the gentleman refused his offer because ____.

A．he didn’t need other’s help

B．he thought more for others

C．he didn’t care about money

D．he wanted to get more money

We can refer that the author was inspired by ____.

A．true friendship	B．his own kindness
C．generous donations	D．human’s good nature

Scientists are fond of running the evolutionary clock backward, using DNA analysis and the fossil record to figure out when our ancestors stood straight and split off from the rest of the primate evolutionary tree. But the clock is running forward as well. So where are humans headed? Here's a thoughtless assessment of possible paths, ranging from similar humans to alien-looking hybrids bred for interstellar (星际的) travel.
Different populations of a species have to be separated from each other in order for those populations to diverge into separate species. Populations are increasingly in contact with each other， leading to greater gene-mixing. It's believable that separate species would appear. Evolution is still at work and the trend may well be accelerating. Cultural diversity is fading as human society becomes more interconnected globally.
The radical king of evolution moves much more quickly than biological evolution. High-tech improvements are ranging from Supermen, to camera-equipped flying drones（遥控飞机）, to pills that keep soldiers going without sleep or food for days. To date, genetic medicine has focused on therapies that work on only one person at a time. The effects of those therapies aren't carried on to future generations. Tinkering with the germline could conceivably produce a superhuman species in a single generation-but could also conceivably create a race of monsters.
Today the rapid pace of cybernetic(计算机控制论的) change has led to worry that artificial intelligence may outpace human’s natural smarts. In some fields, artificial intelligence has already bested human. We're already making machines that can be assimilated (同化) including artificial limbs, mechanical hearts, and artificial retinas (视网膜).
If humans survive long enough, there's one sure way to grow new branches on our evolutionary family tree by spreading out to other planets. If humans established a permanent settlement on other planets, the radically different living conditions would change the evolutionary equation (方程式) What will be inconceivable millions of years from now? Two intelligent species, human and machine, definitely work together to spread life through the universe.
Scientists study the evolution according to .

A．different populations of a species

B．DNA analysis and the fossil record

C．cultural diversity and greater gene-mixing

D．high-tech enhancements and biological evolution

Which is NOT true about human beings' evolution?

A．New species will appear.

B．Human's evolution is faster than biological evolution

C．Cultures will become more colorful.

D．The evolution might create a race of monsters.

What might bring threat to human beings?

A．Supermen.	B．Monsters.
C．Alien.	D．Artificial intelligence.

Which of the following must happen in the future?

A．Humans survive long enough.

B．Humans spread out to other planets.

C．Human and machine work together.

D．Living conditions change the evolutionary equation.

A．Greet people everywhere．	B．Meet new friends．
C．Share your hobbies.	D．Adjust to college life．

A．find study partners	B．join clubs
C．call your parents	D．talk to new friends

A．Style and fashion．	B．Science and technology．
C．Sports and health．	D．Culture and education．