Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams to rivers to oceans. But downhill isn’t the only way that water moves .A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption. This flow isn’t the type we usually think about .These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports. They call this a flow of“virtual water（虚拟水）”.
We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap. However,92％of the water used by people goes into growing crops，according to water researcher Arjen Hoekstra. He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats .These products are shipped around the world.
For example．consider a sugary soft drink. Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of the drink requires between 170 and 310litersofthewater—about 95％—is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料).Another 4％goes into the packaging and labeling. In Hoekstra’s calculation, when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad，it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator．
According to Hoekstra’s new report，dry countries like Israel and Kuwait，both in the Middle East, get the majority of their virtual water from other countries，through imported products. More surprisingly, some wetter countries，like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, also get the majority of their virtual water from other places. That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.
In the United States most of the virtual water used comes from American sources .In China even less of the water associated with its productsWhat is the best title for the passage?
| A．Crops and Virtual Water | B．Import and Export of Water |
| C．Benefits of Virtual Water | D．Water’s worldwide travels |
The first paragraph is intended to talk about__________.
| A．how water flows |
| B．what virtual water is |
| C．where virtual water exists |
| D．why water is imported and exported |
The example of a sugary soft drink in Paragraph 3 is given to show_________.
| A．how drinks are made |
| B．how virtual water is used |
| C．how virtual water is exported |
| D．how drinks are shipped |
In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside?
| A．lsrael and America |
| B．America and the Netherlands |
| C．China and the United Kingdom |
| D．Kuwait and the Netherlands |
The passage is most probably a_________.
| A．science news report | B．book review |
| C．newspaper advertisement | D．science fiction story |
Three high students become heroes after their act of saving a baby’s life.
Andrew Willis, 15, his brother Chris, 13, and friend Reece Galea, 14, were walking along Swallow Drive on their way to school on May 23, when Nicholle Price ran out of her house, shouting for help. Her six-month-old son Corey had swallowed (吞下) an earring （耳环） and the young mother couldn’t ring for help because something was wrong with her phone. The three teenagers rushed to the aid of Ms Price, called an ambulance (救护车), calmed her down and waited with her until the ambulance arrived before heading to school.
Ms Price, Corey and his grandmother Joyce Finnie visited the school last Thursday to thank the boys for their kind action. “It’s good to know that there are still some good people who will stop and help,” Ms Price said. “While I was shouting for help, a woman walking her dog went straight past, without stopping. I don’t know what would have happened if these boys had not stopped.”
The teenagers were shocked at the attention they received at school for their heroic act but admitted that the incident was nerve-racking(刺激神经的). “We heard her shouting so we knew something wasn’t right,” Andrew said. “We thought someone had died. It was scary （惊慌的） but we just did what we had to do.”
Just as proud as the boys’ parents is their principal, Tim McCallum.
After two days in hospital, Corey has now fully recovered. “He’s got two new teeth to show,” Ms Price said. “I have to keep a closer eye on him. He’s into everything now and grabs whatever he finds to put it straight into his mouth.”The three high students were _____ when a woman ran out of her house shouting for help.
| A．playing near the house |
| B．on their way to school |
| C．walking their dogs nearby |
| D．on their way back from school |
Ms Price spoke of a woman walking her dog without stopping to show _____.
| A．how dangerous the case was |
| B．how brave the three boys were |
| C．why the three teenagers’ action was heroic |
| D．how clever the three boys were |
The underlined sentence in the 4th paragraph probably means “_____”.
| A．they didn’t expect they would be given so much praise |
| B．they felt excited to have become so famous after the incident |
| C．they were supposed to receive so many prizes for their good deed |
| D．they were proud of the attention they received at school for their heroic deed |
Which would be the best title for this passage?
| A．How a baby was saved after swallowing an earring |
| B．Why the mother shouted for help |
| C．Baby life saved: teenage heroes earn high praise |
| D．A mother came to school to thank 3 teenagers |
Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn’t take much further thought to know that adults will feel better and do better at work as well. Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to have no breakfast.
If we have no breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel (食物). By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee or eat a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunch time we are hungry. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day.
Having no breakfast is a popular way to lose weight, but not a smart one. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they have no meals, but that just isn’t true; the body expects to be refueled a few times a day, starting with a healthy breakfast. Eating breakfast is good for losing weight. In fact, people who eat breakfast are more likely to keep a healthy weight.
A healthy breakfast should have some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维). Protein can come from low fat meats, eggs, or beans. Fiber can be found in whole grains, vegetables and fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with low fat milk. Stay away from sugary foods and white bread because they are digested (消化) quickly and will leave you hungry and tired in several hours. Protein and fiber will keep you feeling full until lunch time.The first paragraph mainly tells us that ______.
| A．it is necessary to have a good breakfast every day |
| B．many adults are too busy to have breakfast every day |
| C．many adults go to work without having breakfast |
| D．many children go to school without breakfast |
According to the passage, we feel tired at work probably because __.
| A．we need to have a cup of coffee |
| B．we don’t have a good breakfast |
| C．our brains don’t work any longer |
| D．we don’t have enough sleep at night |
What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
| A．Having a good breakfast can help you to finish your work. |
| B．Eating a good breakfast is enough for the whole day. |
| C．Breakfast is really the most important meal in a day. |
| D．You will be happier if you have a good breakfast. |
We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.
| A．it is healthy only to have beans and eggs for your breakfast |
| B．you mustn’t have meat for your breakfast |
| C．you should eat sugary foods if you feel hungry |
| D．you should eat something which has protein and fiber for breakfast |
（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is your skin that keeps your insides from falling out. It helps you warm up when you are cold, and it can cool you off when you are hot. It lets you feel things by touch.
Like the heart, stomach and brain, your skin is an organ. In fact, it is the largest organ in your body. But it is still easy to take skin for granted.1But skin has an important job to do.
Your skin is constantly protecting you. 2When you take care of your skin, you are helping your skin do its job. And taking care of your skin today will help prevent future problems, like wrinkles(皱纹) and even skin cancer.
3Keeping your hands clean all the time is especially important because they can spread germs(细菌) to the skin on other parts of your body.
4Cold or hot water may hurt your skin. Wet your hands, then lather up with a mild soap (香皂). You should rub everywhere, including the palms, the wrists and the nails. Wash them well, dry thoroughly with a clean towel and you’re done.
You'll also want to use warm water when you take a bath. Use soap to clean your body. Don't forget under your arms and behind your ears! Your face needs attention, especially as you enter puberty(青春期) and the skin on your face gets more oily.5
| A．One simple way to take care of your skin is to keep it clean. |
| B．It is a good habit to wash your hands before and after meals. |
| C．When washing your hands, use water that’s comfortably warm. |
| D．It keeps infections out of your body and keeps you from getting sick. |
E.Unless there’s a problem, your may not think about your skin very much.
F.Your skin plays a more important role in keeping you healthy during your puberty.
G.It’s a good idea to wash your face once or twice daily with warm water and a mild soap.
February 4, 2012 saw the take-off of a new rising NBA star-Jeremy Lin.
Among professional basketball players, Jeremy Lin's background is not typical. He graduated from Harvard University, which sends few players to the NBA, and he is the only Chinese-American NBA player.
Lin's enjoyment of basketball actually began in Taiwan. When Lin's father moved to U.S., his interest in the sport only grew and he passed on this love of basketball to his son, introducing him to the game at the age of five. The young Lin spent much of his youth playing basketball for fun.
In high school, Lin dreamed of playing in the NBA. When he applied for college, he was not offered a single sports scholarship. However, after his admission to Harvard, he was offered a place on its college basketball team.
During Lin's time at Harvard, his basketball career began to speed up. He scored 1,482 points, making him one of the highest scorers in Ivy League history.
When he graduated, no professional teams offered Lin a contract, but he was invited to play in the NBA Summer League. He played well and ended up eagerly signing a contract with the Golden State Warriors.
At first，playing in professional games filled Lin with excitement. He treasured opportunities to meet players he had been watching on TV for years. But slowly, the excitement wore off and was replaced by anxiety. In a few very difficult months, he was cut by two teams before the New York Knicks picked him up.
But he had the courage and determination to stick to his dream, so he put himself into hard training to get ready for his opportunity to come. Then his moment arrived on February 4, 2012，on which his excellent performance made him famous overnight. After that, he led the Knicks to their fifth straight victory. Knicks fans developed the nickname for him "Linsanity" (林发疯）. Time magazine released its 2012 list of the 100 "Most Influential People in the World", Jeremy Lin included. WhichofthefollowingisoflittlehelpinLin’ssuccess?
| A．hisfather’sinfluence |
| B．hisdevotiontobasketball |
| C．hisyearsofhardwork |
| D．hisgraduationfromHarvardUniversity |
Whatdoesthephrases"woreoff"inseventhparagraphprobablymean?
| A．arose | B．disappeared | C．grew | D．remained |
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Linlearnedtoplaybasketballwhenhewaseight.
B.Linwasexcitedforprofessionalgamesanddidagoodjobatthebeginning.
C.BeforeLintherewasnoChinese-AmericanNBAplayers.
D.LinisthemostoutstandingplayerinNBA.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.
A.Lindidn’thaveasmoothroadinNBA.
B.LingotaneasyentryintoNBA.
C.Lindidn’tshowhisbasketballtalentsinHarvardUniversity.
D.NBAprefersgraduatesfromHarvardUniversity.
Parents who feel disappointed at their teenagers’ failure to pay attention in class, and inability to sit quietly long enough to finish homework or plan ahead, should take solace. Their children are not being lazy or careless, according to new research.
The research has found that teenagers’ brains continue developing far longer into adulthood than we used to think. Teens may look like young adults but their brain structure is similar to that of much younger children.
“It is not always easy for teens to pay attention in class without letting their minds wander, or to ignore distractions from their younger brothers or sisters when trying to solve a maths problem,” said Dr Iroise Dumon-theil. “But it’s not the fault of teenagers that they can’t pay attention and are easily distracted. It’s to do with the structure of their brains. Teens simply can’t think as well as an adult.”
The research showed that the brain of a teenager works less effectively than that of an adult. “We knew that the front of the brain of teens functioned in a chaotic (混乱的) way but we didn’ t realize it continued until the late 20s or early 30s,” said Dr Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, who led the research.
Chaotic thought patterns are a result of teenagers’ brains containing too much grey matter — the cell bodies and connections which carry messages within the brain. As we age, the amount of grey matter in our brain reduces.
“What our research has shown is that there is simply too much going on in the brains of teens,” said Blakemore. “The result is that their brain energy and resources are wasted and their decision-making process is badly influenced. Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”The underlined word “solace” in Paragraph 1 may mean _____.
| A． notice | B．medicine | C．comfort | D．action |
When making decisions, _____.
| A．teens’ brains continue to do much needless work |
| B．the grey matter in young children’s front brain becomes active |
| C．people are not likely to be distracted until their late 30s |
| D．adults are more independent than teens |
What is the effect of having too much grey matter?
| A．It makes us always feel disappointed. |
| B．It makes us more intelligent. |
| C．It had a bad effect on the growth of teens. |
| D．It had a bad effect on decision-making. |
What’s the text mainly about?
| A．Teens have different brains from those of children. |
| B．Adults work more effectively than teens. |
| C．Grey matter makes teens unable to pay attention. |
| D．Brain energy is wasted in the brain’s activity. |