Michelle Obama has launched her campaign against childhood obesity in the US，saying that it is a problem that concerns her both as the first lady and as a mother.
Mrs.Obama said that the campaign was designed to encourage people to live healthier lives，but admitted that she herself was not immune to the temptations of junk food.
“I love burgers and fries.And I love ice cream and cake.And so do most kids，” she said.But，she added，“We’re not talking about a lifestyle that excludes all that.”
“The question is how we help people balance their diet so that they’re not facing lifethreatening，preventable illnesses，but they’re enjoying their food，they’re eating their vegetables，they’re doing their running，walking and playing，and they still have time to get a good，fun meal every once in a while.”
One in three American children are overweight or obese，putting them at the higher risk of developing diabetes(糖尿病)，high blood pressure，high cholesterol(胆固醇) and other illnesses.
Billions of dollars are spent every year treating obesityrelated conditions.
“None of us wants this future for our kids，” Mrs.Obama said at the White House.
“We have to act，so let’s move.”
Her campaign has four parts：helping parents make better food choices，serving healthier food in school vending machines(自动售货机) and lunch menus，making healthy food more available and affordable，and encouraging children to exercise more.
The campaign，which Mrs.Obama starts，is aimed at solving the childhood obesity problem in a generation，so that children born today can reach adulthood at a healthy weight.
“This isn’t like a disease where we’re still waiting for the cure to be discovered.We know the cure for this，” she said at the opening ceremony.
President Barack Obama praised his wife for solving what he called one of “the most urgent health issues facing the country”．
“This has enormous promise in improving the health of our children，in giving support to parents to make the kinds of healthy choices that are often very difficult，” he said.The best title of the passage would be “________”．
| A．The first lady begins to fight against childhood obesity |
| B．The most urgent health issues facing the country |
| C．The Obamas care about the health of fat children |
| D．The first lady can’t resist the temptations of junk food |
Why did Michelle Obama launch the campaign?
| A．To fight against adulthood obesity. |
| B．To help children to eat less junk food. |
| C．To encourage Americans to live more healthily. |
| D．To call on people to exercise more after work. |
What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?
| A．She is addicted to buying junk food. |
| B．She is also fond of junk food sometimes. |
| C．Many people are able to resist junk food. |
| D．Her immune system was not strong enough. |
What do we know about Americans?
| A．They all enjoy junk food. |
| B．They don’t eat their vegetables. |
| C．They have some time for exercise. |
| D．Many have obesityrelated illnesses. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
| A．People don’t know the cure for obesity. |
| B．President Barack Obama supports his wife. |
| C．The campaign has solved the problem. |
| D．Obesity is the most urgent problem facing America. |
If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the water, if he isn't breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck, move his head back and press his chin upwards. This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn't work, start mouth-to-mouth breathing. Press his nostrils (the two holes at the end of your nose, through which you breathe and smell things) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing until professional help arrives.
To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and gently blow into his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your efforts, he starts turning a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse, then pressing is the last chance of saving his life.
With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don't be too hard or you may break a rib. Check how effective you are by seeing if his colour improves or his pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stop the pressing. Otherwise continue until rescue arrives.If you want to save someone drowning, you __________.
| A．have to pull off his clothes first . | B．should try to get him out of water as quickly as possible. |
| C．should first make out who he is. | D．ought to throw a life coat to him first . |
Once a person stops breathing, it means ___________.
| A．you have no more than 4 minutes to bring him to life again . |
| B．his brain is completely damaged . |
| C．he has passed away . |
| D．there is no way to save his life . |
To press his chin upwards is a way to _____________.
| A．keep the tongue from blocking the airway in the throat. |
| B．prevent the tongue from stopping the airway in the throat. |
| C．wipe the tongue out of the throat . |
| D．see if he can possibly be saved . |
If the drowning boy has no pulse,_____________.
| A．press his chin upwards is enough to get him breathing . |
| B．blow air into his mouth is sure to save his life . |
| C．press his nostrils together with your fingers can work . |
| D．press is the last chance of saving his life . |
Which of the following statement is true?
| A．Don’t stop pressing his chest, if the drowning man starts breathing again. |
| B．If you see someone drowning, you must give him mouth-to-mouth breathing. |
C．If a man does not breathe  for four minutes, his brain will be completely destroyed. |
| D．When pressing, you can do it as hard as you can. |
According to researchers．money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else．
Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly bring you happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia and Harvard Business School found．
Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably（适度地） happier when they spent money on others--even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier．
"We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how
much money they earn," said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia．
They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity．
"Regardless of how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not," Dunn said in a statement．
Dunn's team also surveyed 16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus（奖金） of between $3,000 and $8,000．
"Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself," they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science．
They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it．Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it．
"These findings suggest that very minor alterations（改动） in spending allocations（分配） - as little as $5 - may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day," Dunn said．According to the passage,_____________．
| A．the more money you spend on others, the happier you are |
| B．spending money on others can bring you happiness |
| C．Elizabeth Dunn is a psychologist from Harvest Business School |
| D．six hundred volunteers took part in the experiment |
The 16 employees mentioned in the passage _________．
| A．were given clear instructions on how to spend the bonus |
| B．had more happiness than the size of the bonus itself |
| C．experienced greater happiness after receiving their bonus |
| D．felt happier after they contributed much of the bonus of charities |
Dunn’s statement suggested that ______________．
| A．those who spent money on others felt happier no matter how much they earned |
| B．those who spent more money on themselves felt happier |
| C．people thought spending money could make themselves happier |
| D．the money spent was as important as the money earned |
The best title of this passage is ___________．
| A．Experiment on Money Spending |
| B．Spending Money on Others Makes One Happier |
| C．Devoting Your Money to Charities |
| D．Bonus and Pro-social Spending |
Young Chinese travelers are also looking to experience something different．Rather than join package tours to tourist attractions, they are getting to know the locals by combining travel with work and study．Let's explore some unconventional ways of travelling．
Homestay
Visitors pay their host family for the accommodation in return for an unforgettable cultural experience．You should respect the house rules．You will participate fully in the family's daily life and improve your language．Students arrange homestays through their university or reputable agencies．
Check homestayfinder．com or homestaybooking．com．
Laboring on a farm
This is a way to learn about sustainable living and meet local farmers．In return for volunteer work on organic farms, your hosts offer free food and accommodation．You usually work for at least four hours a day and tasks range from composting （堆制肥料） to building with mud bricks．Willing Workers On Organic Farms （www．finternational．o
rg） is the main organization which facilitates these experiences．For more projects, visit: pickyourown．org/jobsonfarms．htm
Volunteering
Volunteering gives you a sense of satisfaction as you improve the lives of those less fortunate．You can work in a hospital, help build schools, or volunteer at an orphanage in Africa．Do not expect to live in luxury and be prepared to get your hands dirty．Volunteers pay for their own airfares．
For more info, visit: worldwidehelper．org, and isvonline．com
Intern （实习） overseas
Organizations such as ALESEC （aiesec．org） arrange paid internships with different companies．They partner with companies to offer work．The length of an internship ranges from six weeks to 18 months．Check: nextstepconnections．comWhich way of travelling should you experience if you want to know about a different culture and improve your foreign language?
| A．Homestay | B．Laboring on a farm | C．Volunteering | D．Intern |
overseasWho may help you to work on a farm?
| A．Reputable agency | B．University |
| C．Willing Workers On Organic Farms | D．ALESEC |
What should you do if you want to help the less fortunate?
| A．Live in a host family | B．Volunteer at an orphanage |
| C．Work in a company | D．Work on organic farms |
Where can you get information on internship in different companies?
| A．Homestayfinder．com |
| B．Pickyourown．org/jobsonfarms．htm |
| C．Worldwidehelper．org,and isvonline．com |
| D．Nextstepconnections．com |
Scientists made a great break through this year in England when the first "test tube" baby was born．The birth was the result of many years of research by doctors．The doctors did the research in groups to help the women who cannot conceive a baby in the normal way．
What happened when the baby was born "from a test tube"? Well, the baby did not literally grow in a test tube．The first stage of the process was that the egg from the woman and the sperm from the man were put together in the test tube．After all, the embryo was put into the womb of a woman．This process was difficult．But it was successful, so the baby was eventually born, like any other, from a woman, only the woman wasn't the baby's real mother, but a sort of "carrier" of a baby produced by another couple．
Obviously, this method is t
o help to couples who can't have children because of physical problems in the woman．But very difficult moral problems arise in the kind of situation．Take it for instance, a case that happened this year．A couple who wanted a baby advertised for a woman to have a child by the father of the couple．They offered the woman a lot of money．The woman was made pregnant by artificial insemination; in this case, the woman "employed" to bear the child was its real mother．When the baby was born, the woman refused to give it back to the couple．But, in the eyes of the law, the woman had a right to keep the children because she was its biological mother．
You could argue that we should change the law to deal with this kind of situation．In earlier times, there were always healthy babies needing adoption, because family planning methods were not so effective as they are now．These days, however, most of the children who can be adopted are over six years old, often handicapped in some way．So a couple who want a young healthy baby cannot always adopt one, this is why the "test tube" baby is in demand．But is it normally righ
t to use this method? Should we temper with nature in this way? Even if we change the law, would this be the right step to take ?The birth of the first "test-tube" baby is a great advance _____．
| A．on medical science |
| B．in birth control |
| C．on the research for babies |
| D．in the lives of married women |
When we say a baby was born "from a test-tube", we mean_____ ．
| A．the baby didn't develop in the womb of a woman |
| B．the baby has no biological parents |
| C．the embryo was formed in the test tube |
| D．the baby grew in the test-tube before it was born |
According to the law, who has right to keep the baby produced by the artificial method?
| A．The couple who want a baby． |
B．T he biological mother of the child． |
| C．The person who pays the money to the real mother． |
| D．The father who advertises for a biological mother． |
According to the passage, people need "test-tube baby" because_____ ．
| A．family planning methods are not effective． |
| B．they can't always adopt a young healthy baby |
| C．they are unwilling to adopt a child． |
| D．there are so many babies needing adoption． |
We have all heard the old phrase “attitude is everything”, and that phrase is certainly true．Your attitude can have a great impact on your personal motivation, so it is important to keep a positive attitude no matter what challenges you face．
As a matter of fact, keeping your attitude positive in the face of difficulties is the motivation tip that most successful business owners will tell you．The most successful business owners, from Sam Walton to Bill Gates, have all been able to triumph in the face of unpleasant situations．It is those successful business owners who tell you that attitude is everything．But how you deal with that knowledge will determine your level of success．
One of the most important ways to carry out “attitude is everything” is to observe who you associate with and who you surround yourself with．That is because when you surround yourself with negative people, their negative attitudes will infect you．So keeping your associates, colleagues, co-workers and friends as positive as possible is a great way to put the phrase “attitude is everything” into practice．
Whatever you decide to do in life, your attitude will have a great effe
ct on the success you achieve．Success , whether in the world of business or in your personal life, is directly related to your attitude, and the attitude you bring to your work．A 
positive attitude will help you achieve greater success in your job, no
matter what your current level of employment．According to the text, Sam Walton __________．
| A．is more successful than Bill Gates |
| B．has given readers some tips about success |
| C．has never dealt with unpleasant situations |
| D．is one of the most successful businessmen |
One useful way of carrying out “attitude is everything” is__________．
| A．not letting others affect your decisions |
| B．not making friends with people who are unsuccessful |
| C．keeping the people who surround you positive |
| D．getting some advice from successful business owners |
What’s the best title for the text ?
| A．Attitude Determines Your Success |
| B．Motivation Tips From Successful People |
| C．Ways To Deal With Unpleasant Situations |
| D．Making Friends With Positive People |