“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”We learn from Paragraph 1 that ___________.
| A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug |
| B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug |
| C．the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century |
| D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century |
What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?
| A．Explanation. | B．Finding. |
| C．Origin. | D．Fault. |
The passage is mainly concerned with__________.
| A．the misunderstanding of the word bug |
| B．the development of the word bug |
| C．the public views of the word bug |
| D．the special characteristics of the word bug |
What benefits can you have from a film? A well-made film offers a whole world of things to watch. First there are the story aspects — the plot,characters, dialogue and themes. Then there are the technical aspects — the camera work, cuttings and special effects. And there are many other things, like the credits, musical score and the acting. Awell-made film offers much more than you see in one viewing (观看).
Films are a means of communication. They can tell you things, just as newspapers do, or television,or any other means of communication. Sometimes they communicate important things to you, like ideasor lifestyles or ways of looking at the world. Sometimes people are aware of this, and sometimes not.The more you are aware of this, the better you are.
Notice, for example, the way films sometimes affect fashion. A star dresses or wears her hair in a certain way, and suddenly everyone is imitating (模仿) her. Boys in the 1950s could sometimes be seen wearingblack leather jackets, idling (闲逛) on street corners and smoking cigarettes. They were imitating Marion Brando. His films taught them a certain way to behave.
Films can also teach politics. In Star Wars, the heroes were a bunch of lovable incompetents (无能者) fighting with guts (胆量) and not much else. They were, in fact, rather like the British in the early days of WW II. Their enemies, like the Nazis, had a big advantage in equipment and numbers of troops, and they were like the Nazis in discipline and heartlessness too. The whole film, in fact, was a re-run (重演) of WW II, and taught values like faith and love of liberty. This is all to the good, but the point is, did you notice it?All of the following are mentioned as noticeable aspects of a film EXCEPT________.
| A．the list of names of actors and directors，etc. |
| B．the cost of a film |
| C．the music for a film |
| D．the language used in a film |
The last sentence in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
| A．a high quality film can be appreciated repeatedly from different angles |
| B．a good film always attracts a lot of viewers |
| C．a well made film usually has more than one theme |
| D．one can never find out how many characters there are in a good film |
It can be inferred from the passage that in his film，Marion Brando was ________.
| A．a motorist who always wore a black leather jacket |
| B．a homeless man who died of excessive smoking |
| C．a rebellious man during WWⅡ |
| D．an idler who didn't have any serious things to do |
Star Wars is a film________.
| A．about WWⅡ | B．for politics |
| C．reflecting WWⅡ | D．for peace lovers |
Ottawa is the capital of Canada. It is the second largest city in Ontario and the fourth largest city in the country.
The Centre Block is the main building on Parliament Hill (国会山). It is also the location of several ceremonial spaces, such as the Hall of Honor and the Memorial Chamber. The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916, and it is one of the most recognizable buildings in Canada.
Downtown Ottawa is the commercial and economic centre of the city. Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa’s high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core (中心部分). The downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges.
The National Gallery of Canada is one of Canada’s premier (首位的) art galleries. The Gallery has a large and varied collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture and photographs. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.
The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. At the very beginning, the purpose of the Rideau Canal was military, as it was intended to provide a secure supply and communication route between Montreal and the British naval (海军的) base in Kingston. It remains in use today primarily for pleasure boating, with most of its original structures still exsiting. The locks on the system open for navigation (通航) in mid-May and close in mid-October.What does underlined word “iteration” probably mean in the 2nd paragraph?
| A．copy | B．repair | C．design | D．picture |
If you pay a visit to the core of Downtown Ottawa, you can see ______.
| A．a large number of tall towers |
| B．a lot of apartments and hotels |
| C．the older single family homes and townhouses |
| D．head offices of Ottawa’s high tech industry |
The main collections in the National Gallery of Canada are ______.
| A．paintings and drawings |
| B．works of art by Canadian artists |
| C．sculpture and photographs |
| D．works by American and European artists |
What can we know about the Rideau Canal from the passage?
| A．The original structures remain unchanged. |
| B．People can only go boating from May to October. |
| C．It was originally for the military purpose. |
| D．It is the oldest canal system in North America. |
A man came home from work late, tired, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door.
“Daddy, how much money do you make each hour?”
“If you must know, I make ＄20 each hour.”
“Oh,” the little boy answered, with his head down. He thought for a moment, looked up and said, “Daddy, could you lend me ＄10?”
The father wasfurious, “If you asked f or the money to buy a toy or some other rubbish, the go straight to your room and think about why are you so selfish (自私)！”
The little boy went to his room no words and shut the door. After a short while, the father calmed (平静) down, and started to think, “Maybe he really needs to buy something and he didn’t really ask for money very often.” So he went to the little boy’s room.
“Sorry！Maybe I was too hard on your just now.” said the man, “Here’s ＄10.”
“Oh, thank you Daddy！” he said happily. Then the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again.
“Why do you want more money since you already have some?” the father shouted angrily.
“Because I didn't have enough, but now I do.” The little boy replied, “Daddy, I have ＄20 now. Can I buy one hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you. ”In this passage, the underlined word “furious” means ______.
| A．veryangry |
| B．quite happy |
| C．too excited |
| D．a little nervous |
At first, the father refused to lend the money because ______.
| A．he thought the boy wanted to keep the money for himself. |
| B．he did not have enough money at thatmoment |
| C．the thought the boy would buy something of no use |
| D．the boy always borrowed the moneyfromhim |
The boy wanted tobuy ______ with twenty dollars.
| A．a new novel forhimself |
| B．a nice present for his father |
| C．a toy for his own birthday |
| D．one hour of his father’s time |
From the passage, we can infer that the boy’s father______ .
| A．often played with his son |
| B．spent little time with his son |
| C．didn’t lovehisson at all |
| D．often camehomeearly |
Across the United States, universities and colleges have been looking to become more sustainable (可持续发展的) and more than 600 schools have already planned to become eco-friendly. The EcoDorm, home to 36 students at Warren Wilson College in Swannanoa, was designed to be sustainable from top to bottom, or in this case, from its rainwater-collection system to its garden. The dormitory is bringing new meaning to the concept of living “green” at college.
At Warren Wilson College, a biological science school with fewer than 1,000 students, the sustainability drive came from the student body. The EcoDorm concept was presented ten years ago by two students; a planning committee firstly suggested using building materials like corncob. Although the architects disagreed with the idea, they came up with other creative solutions: Wood siding was taken from the trees grown in the school yard that were suffering from a disease, and rainwater was collected in an old railway car and pumped back into the house to clean the toilets.
All in all, the dorm uses nearly two-thirds less electricity than a similar-sized traditional building world. But even the most sustainable homes need continued efforts from its livers. And in the case of EcoDorm, students live by their words. Most also take advantage of the dorm’s bio-garden, planting and harvesting fruits and vegetables. “I didn’t have to worry about paper towels being wasted or feel bad about drying my clothes outside,” Jeremy Lekich, the dorm’s gardener, said. “Basically, it has made my life easier.”We can learn from the text that the EcoDorm in the US .
| A．offers students the chances to have a natural living at college |
| B．was firstly built by two college students |
| C．was designed for saving building materials |
| D．is only applicable in few schools |
The second paragraph is mainly about .
| A．where the EcoDorm was built |
| B．when the EcoDorm got its name |
| C．what the EcoDorm is made of |
| D．how the concept of EcoDorm started |
What is the advantage of the EcoDorm?
| A．It helps students to enjoy life at college. |
| B．It saves a lot of money and energy for the college. |
| C．It makes students study harder. |
| D．It brings new energy to the college. |
What can be inferred from the text?
| A．A long-term development calls for students’ efforts. |
| B．Students’ ideas should be encouraged at college. |
| C．Green living is a new trend at American colleges. |
| D．Students can learn to protect the environment through practice. |
In Eastern Europe, blue jeans symbolize (象征) American culture and “the good life”. In Spain they are known as “cowboys”. In China, jeans are known as “niuzaiku”, also, “cowboy trousers”, which means they are connected with the American West cowboy culture and outdoor work.
Jeans are usually made from denim (粗布), but may also be made from other materials. The earliest known cloth for jeans was a thick cotton cloth from the Indians. At first they were working clothes. They became popular among teenagers in the 1950s. Today jeans are a very popular form of casual wear around the world and come in many styles and colors.
Jeans were first made in Genoa in Italy. The trousers were made for the Genoese navy (海军) because they needed trousers which could be worn wet or dry, and whose legs could be easily rolled up while the men were cleaning the ships. These jeans would be washed by pulling them in large fishing nets behind the ship, and the sea water would make them white.
In the 1850s Levi Strauss, a business man living in San Francisco, was selling blue jeans under the “Levi’s” name to the coal workers of California.
During World War II, the coal workers liked jeans very much because they were strong and did not tear easily. In the 1950s, jeans became popular with young people in the United States. Wearing of blue jeans by teenagers was the symbol of rebels (反叛者) in TV programmes and movies. Some cinemas and restaurants refused to let people in if they wore blue jeans. In the 1980s, jeans finally became high fashion clothing, when famous designers started making their own styles of jeans, with their own labels on them. Sales of jeans went up and up.From the first paragraph we know that ________.
| A．cowboys wear jeans only |
| B．cowboys live a good life |
| C．American culture is cowboy culture |
| D．cowboy culture is usually related to the West of America |
Jeans were first made in ______.
| A．Italy | B．America | C．Spain | D．China |
From Paragraph 4 we know that “Levi’s” was ____.
| A．the name of a worker |
| B．the brand (名牌) of a kind of jeans |
| C．the name of a kind of cloth |
| D．the nickname of a businessman |
Why the people who wore blue jeans were refused to go into the cinema in the 1950s?
| A．Because jeans were made for workers. |
| B．Because jeans were made of denim. |
| C．Because it was during the time of war. |
| D．Because wearing jeans was the symbol of rebels. |