AladynamedMaryfromCaliforniafl-优题课

What a strange world this would be if everyone told the truth! Even though all world religions caution(告诫) people against lying, it seems that lying is a universal communication style. Most of us get angry at big lies—especially those in government, business, and the social world. But how about truth-telling in our private life? Should we always tell the truth to husbands, wives, mothers, fathers and children? Do we?
We all lie. National public opinion polls find that only about one in ten Americans say they never tell a lie. One study of college students found that each student told about two lies a day. Half of all adults interviewed in a CBS New Poll last year admitted they had told a lie they regretted, and nearly as many said they had been deeply hurt by a lie someone told them.
We all lie about lies. Researchers asked subjects to describe the lies they told over a period of weeks. Subjects over-reported “white lies”(harmless lies—I really like your dress) and under-reported serious lies( I graduated with honors).
We lie differently to different types of people. We tell more lies to men than to women. Men and women tell more lies about themselves when talking to men, but more lies about others when talking to women. Men are particularly likely to lie about themselves. Women tell more lies than men, but only because women tell white lies in order to flatter or avoid confrontation (对抗).
Lies are hard to detect(察觉). Surveys show that nearly everyone believes most people are truthful. That’s why people are so bad at detecting lies.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. When asked, the subjects admitted they told more serious lies.
B. People are not good at detecting lies.
C. White lies are harmless.
D. Men tell fewer lies than women.
2. The underlined word “flatter (in Paragraph 4)” probably means “_______”.
A. to anger somebody by telling a lie
B. to praise somebody in order to win his favor
C. to avoid somebody so as to escape payment
D. to warn somebody by shouting
3. Lies are not easy to detect because _______.
A. most people get angry at big lies
B. people tell more lies about themselves
C. nearly everyone believes most people are truthful
D. everyone tells the truth

A letter to Edward,a columnist (报刊专栏作家)
Dear Mr Expert,
I grew up in an unhappy and abusive home.I always Promised myself that I’d get out as soon as possible.Now,at the age of 20,I have a good job and a nice house,and I’m really proud of the independence I’ve achieved.
Here’s the problem:several of my friends who still live with their parents wish they had places like mine—so much so that they make mine theirs.
It started out with a couple of them spending the weekends with me.But now they seem to take it for granted that they can show up any time they like.They bring boyfriends over,talk on the phone and stay out forever.
I enjoy having my friends here sometimes—it makes the place feel comfortable and warm—but this is my home,not a party house.I was old enough to move out on my own,so why can’t I seem to ask my friends to respect my privacy(隐私)?
Joan
Edward’s reply to Joan
Dear Joan，
If your family didn’t pay attention to your needs when you were a child,you probably have trouble letting others know your needs now.
And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛),you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with—or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy.You need to understand that in true friendship it’s Okay to put your own needs first from time to time.
Be clear about the message you want to send.For example,“I really love your company but I also need some privacy.So please call before you come over.”
Edward
1. We can learn from the first letter that Joan___________.
A.lives away from her parents B.takes pride in her friends
C.knows Edward quite well D.hates her parents very much
2. We can infer from the first letter that___________.
A.Joan considers her friends more important than her privacy
B.Joan’s friends visit her more often than she can accept
C.Joan doesn’t like the parties at all
D.Joan dislikes the boyfriends her friends bring over
3. According to Edward,why can’t Joan tell her friends her feelings?
A.She is afraid of hurting her friends.
B.She does not understand true friendship.
C.Her family experience stops her from doing so.
D.She does not put her needs first.
4 .The underlined word “conflict” in the second letter means___________.
A.dependent life B.fierce fight C.bad manners D.painful feeling
5.The second letter suggests that Edward .
A.is worried about Joan’s problem
B.warns Joan not to quarrel with her friends
C.advises Joan on how to refuse people
D.encourages Joan to be brave enough

四. 阅读理解(40分)
Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity(好奇).Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said,“Now that we’ve finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”
After a long pause, a boy raised his hand,“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat?When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”
This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.
Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的),complete and creative answers.
Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”.These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为).But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying,“That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”,or coming up with more questions or ideas.
Never push a child to “Think”.It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, In as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目标) for your disagreement.
Lastly, show don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜),and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发),set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
1..According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is .
A.to let them see the world around
B.to share the children’s curiosity
C.to explain difficult phrases about science
D.to supply the children with lab equipment
2.In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by________.
A.any questions B.any problems
C.questions from textbooks D.any number of questions
3.According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults___________.
A.ask them to answer quickly
B.wait for one or two seconds after a question
C.tell them to answer the next day
D.wait at least for three seconds after a question
4.In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?
A.The second and third. B.The fourth and fifth.
C.The fifth and sixth. D.The seventh.
5.The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should___________.
A.tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵) facts
B.offer their children chances to see things for themselves
C.be patient enough when their children answer questions
D.encourage their children to ask questions of their own

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
Is the customer always right? 71 Shopping is very much a part of a country’s culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food.
Recent economic hardship has given the consumers increased power in Europe because shopkeepers fight to win their share of reduced disposable(可支配的) income. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means. 72 In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment(恭维) you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on your wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction.
Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaurant may possibly dream of such customer service. 73 In fact, different nationalities expect different types of service. As a friend of mine once told me, “By the end of evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife.”
A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes. First of all she waits until they are on sale. 74 And later she finds some small fault with the product and demands a further reduction. She never buys anything at the regular price. Could you imagine trying such ways in department stores in other countries?
Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers’ attitudes to their workers. As American waiters heavily depend on tips, they have to provide more service. But is this fair？ 75 It might not be a case of “Is the customer always right?” but a case of “How much service is it fair to expect?”

A．People often point to America as an example of good customer service.

B．It is a question of expectations.

C．Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings or on Sundays?

D．Then she asks for a discount until she gets an even better price.

E.The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in.
F.The way we shop shows the way we get along with other people.
G..However, do Europeans really want US style service?

Guide to Restaurants in New York City
Nearly 1,000 restaurants are included in this latest edition of the most trusted guide to eating well in New York. Brief reviews by the city’s most respected food writers are made more readable by what cannot be found in any other restaurant guide, including: suggested dishes final bill. Hardcover.$14.95.
How Electronic Things Work
A guided tour of everyday technology from the pages of the New York Times Circuits section, with easy to understand explanations of the inner workings of computers, CD players, ATM’s, digital cameras and 76 other devices, 100 illustrations，St. Martin’s Press. 195 pages. Hardcover.
The New York Times Book of Natural Disasters
The book gathers together the paper’s finest articles about humankind’s quest to understand natural disasters. Possible causes and effects of global warming are studied, as is the surprising force of nature’s violent excitement in such phenomena as hurricanes, forest fires, sinkholes and others. Illustrated, soft cover, 216 pages,$16.95.
Campaigns: A Century of Presidential Races
Every campaign since 1900—including the historic 200 races—in images from the New York Times Photo Archives. With 350 photos, contemporary newspaper reports and an introduction by prize winning historian Alan Brinkldy DK Publishing. 410 pages. Hardcover.
1. A student of history is most likely to take _____ listed above.
A. the fourth book B. the third book C. the second book D. the first book
2.The underlined word“others”in Paragraph 3 may include______.
A. traffic accidents B.floods C. pollution D.explosions
3.It can be learned from one of the books _____.
A. how to repair your digital camera for yourself
B. how to work out the expenses before going to a restaurant
C. how to get the latest information about natural disasters
D. how to learn a lot about historian Alan Brinkley

A．ignorance	B．carelessness
C．sadness	D．mistake