After years of research and testing, the hybrid car was developed and put on the market. It’s an interesting and exciting new improvement in today’s world as we look for better ways to protect the quality of the air we breathe and conserve our natural resources.
The quality of our air is affected by many different things. But one of the largest sources of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and gasoline which are used to power a car’s engine. The EPA has set national standards to help control the level of harmful pollutants sent off into the air, and the automobile industry has acted by producing a hybrid car that uses less gas and therefore causes less pollution.
A hybrid car is a combination of a regular car that runs on gasoline and an electric car that is battery powered. Some people tend to think that since the hybrid car is partially electric, you have to plug it in to charge it. But that’s not how it works. The 144 volt battery pack is actually recharged( 充电 ) through the energy that is produced when the car’s brakes are used. This is referred to as “regenerative braking”, because it generates electricity.
Although the hybrid car still runs on gasoline most of the time, this helps it use less gas than a regular car. When the driver stops at a traffic light, the engine automatically ( 自动地；机械地 )shuts off to save fuel. Then, as soon as the driver puts the car in gear and touches the gas pedal, the engine starts back up.
Have you ever ridden in a car with someone who ran out of gas? That probably wouldn’t happen if you were riding in a hybrid car. It flashes a warning on its computer screen that says, “I am low on gas”. When it completely runs out, the warning reads, “YOU ARE NOW OUT OF GAS!” Then the electric power supply kicks in to let the driver travel a few more miles to a gas station.According to the passage, the word “hybrid” refers to ________.
| A．a high tech discovery | B．energy saving |
| C．a new invention | D．a combination of two things |
“Regenerative braking” is an important process of the hybrid car because ________.
| A．it allows the car to come to a quick stop |
| B．it gives the driver a smoother ride |
| C．it produces energy to charge the battery |
| D．it can control the speed of the car |
Which of the following is right about the EPA?
| A．They designed hybrid cars. |
| B．They outlawed (宣布……为不合法) the burning of fossil fuels. |
| C．They set important guidelines that help control pollution. |
| D．Their main purpose is to protect endangered plants and animals. |
Which of the following is the reason for developing hybrid cars?
| A．They use less gas than regular cars. |
| B．They’re safer to drive than most cars. |
| C．They’re more modern than other cars. |
| D．They cost less than regular cars |
The word advertising refers to any kind of public announcement that brings products and services to the attention of people．Throughout history, advertising has been an effective way to promote(促进)the trading and selling of goods．In the Middle Ages，merchants employed “town criers” to read public messages aloud to promote their goods．When printing was invented in the fifteenth century, pages of advertisements (ads) could be printed easily and were either hung in public places or put in books．
By the end of the seventeenth century, when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people, printed materials became an important way to promote products and services．The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising. This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants．
Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century．Ad writers were starting to pay more attention to the design of the ad text．Everything，from clothes to drinks，was promoted with clever methods such as repetition of the firm’s name or product, words organized in eye-catching patterns，the use of pretty pictures and expressions easy to remember．
Near the end of the nineteenth century, companies that were devoted to the production of ads came to be known as “advertising agencies (广告商)” . The agencies developed new ways to get people to think of themselves as members of a group．Throughout the twentieth century, advertising agencies promoted consumerism(消费主义)as a way of life，spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the “right” products.What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?
| A．Merchants were employed to promote products． |
| B．Ad messages were shouted out in public places． |
| C．Product information was included in books． |
| D．Ad signs were put up in towns． |
What does the word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
| A．Advertising in newspapers． | B．Including pictures in ads． |
| C．Selling goods in markets． | D．Working with ad agencies． |
The l8th century advertising was special in its______．
| A．growing spending | B．printing materials |
| C．advertising companies | D．attractive designs |
Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
| A．The Story of Advertising |
| B．The Value of Advertising Designs |
| C．The Role of Newspaper Advertising |
| D．The Development of Printing for Advertising |
LIPITOR
ABOUT LIPITOR
Lipitor is a prescription (处方) medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise “good” cholesterol.
Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking .
WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?
Who can take LIPITOR:
•People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
•Adults and children over l0
Who should NOT take LIPITOR:
•Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.
•women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.
•People with liver (肝脏) problems
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR
Serious side effects in a small number of people:
•Muscle (肌肉) problems that can lead to kidney (肾脏) problems, including kidney failure
•Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it.
Call your doctor right away if you have:
•Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very fired
•Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing
•Stomach pain
Some common side effects of LIPITOR are:
•Muscle pain
•Upset stomach
•Changes in some blood tests
HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR
DO:
•Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.
•Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.
•Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.
•If you miss a dose (一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time.
Don’t:
•Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.
•Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.What is a major function of Lipitor?
| A．To help quit smoking. | B．To control blood pressure. |
| C．To improve unhealthy diet. | D．To lower “bad” cholesterol. |
Taking Lipitor is helpful for _________.
| A．breast-feeding women |
| B．women who are pregnant |
| C．adults having heart disease |
| D．teenagers with liver problems |
If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should _________.
| A．change the amount of your next dose |
| B．eat more when taking your next dose |
| C．have a dose as soon as you remember |
| D．take the next dose at your regular time |
Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?
| A．Face swelling. | B．Upset stomach. |
| C．Kidney failure. | D．Muscle weakness. |
Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.
In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking (显著的) feature, though, is only found in the young.
Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive(原始的) birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.
During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.What is the text mainly about?
| A．Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons. |
| B．The relatives and enemies of hoatzins. |
| C．Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon. |
| D．The appearance and living habits of hoatzins. |
Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that_________ ．
| A．they look like young cuckoos |
| B．they have claws on the wings |
| C．they eat a lot like a cow |
| D．they live on river banks |
What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?
| A．They had claws to help them climb. |
| B．They could fly long distances. |
| C．They had four wings like hoatzins. |
| D．They had a head with long feathers on the top. |
Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?
| A．To find more food. | B．To protect themselves better. |
| C．To keep themselves warm. | D．To produce their young. |
Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money．Strange as it may seem，if you’re unsatisfied，the issue(问题) is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires--not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don’t have enough tastes．
Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities(能力)to enjoy life．Most people are already swamped(淹没)with things．They eat，wear，go and talk too much．They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a deserted hut(茅屋).
Your house of life ought to be a mansion(豪宅)，a royal palace. Every new taste，every additional interest，every fresh enthusiasm(热情) adds a room．Here are several rooms your house of life should have．
Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things．If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them，they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you’re hungry．
Literature，classic literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment．To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person，for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library．
Music like Mozart’s and Bach’s shouldn’t be absent．Real riches are of the spirit．And when you’ve brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk．you have increased your thrills and bettered them．And life is a matter of thrills．
Sports，without which you remain poor，mean a lot in life．No matter who you are，you would be more human，and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days，if you could，and did，play a bit．
Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life，the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding． The author intends to tell us that ________．
| A．true happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means |
| B．big houses are people’s most valued possessions |
| C．big houses can in a sense bring richness of life |
| D．true happiness comes from spiritual riches |
The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that__________.
| A．however materially rich, they never seem to be satisfied |
| B．however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor |
| C．though their house is big, they prefer a simple life |
| D．though their house is big, it seems to be a cage |
It can be learned from the passage that __________.
| A．more money brings more happiness |
| B．art is needed to make your house beautiful |
| C．literature can enrich your spiritual life |
| D．sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness |
What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．House of Life | B．Secret of Wealth |
| C．Rest and Refreshment | D．Interest and Enthusiasm |
By knowing what kind of learner you are，you can organize your study to best suit your particular way of learning．
Visual learning style
These learners like to draw，build，design and make things．They like looking at pictures and enjoy jigsaw puzzles and mazes．They tend to think in pictures rather than words．
Verbal learning style
These learners are very good at listening and are often very good speakers and story tellers．They think in words rather than pictures．They like to read and write，and usually have good memories for such things as names，dates and places．
Logical learning style
These learners are very logical. They easily recognize numerical and word patterns and look for logical connections between ideas．They like to figure things out for themselves and love solving problems．They enjoy working with abstract(抽象) ideas．
Bodily learning style
These learners like to move around a lot and to touch objects and people．They often wave their hands around when they are talking．They are good at physical activities，such as sport and dancing，and they enjoy making things with their hands．
Naturalistic learning style
These learners love to be outside．They are interested in nature and are usually fond of animals．They are often involved with nature conservation groups．They are excellent at planning picnics and other outdoor activities．They like to understand how things in nature work．
Music learning style
These learners appreciate music．They are usually good at singing or playing musical instruments and can often compose(作) music．They are often very sensitive to noises around them and are sometimes easily distracted(分散注意力) by background noises．
Interpersonal learning style
These learners like to be surrounded by people．They usually have lots of friends and like to join groups and clubs．They ale often the leaders of any group they join and they are very good peace makers．
Intrapersonal learning style
These people are quite happy in their own company．They spend a lot of time thinking about things such as their dreams and hopes and their relationships with other people．They prefer to work alone and to follow their own interests． If a person usually puts things into categories and sorts when thinking，he is most probably________．
| A．a bodily learner | B．a visual learner |
| C．a logical learner | D．a verbal learner |
Naturalistic learners learn best_________．
| A．through music and rhythm(旋律） |
| B．in a natural setting rather than a built environment |
| C．with pets around them |
| D．in the condition that there is loud natural noise |
An intrapersonal learner may be different from an interpersonal learner in the way that_________．
| A．he(she)is not good at communicating with others |
| B．his(her)individual ability is rather good |
| C．he(she)is slow in thinking out the answers to problems |
| D．his(her)relationship with others is always bad |
The best title for this passage would be____________．
| A．How Should You Learn? | B．How to Learn Best |
| C．Choose Your Style | D．Learning Styles |