WhenSteveJobswasbornonFebuary2-优题课

HANS Christian Andersen put Denmark on the map of the world literature with his stories The Emperor's New Clothes, The Little Mermaid (小美人鱼) and The Ugly Duckling. Now Copenhagen, the country's capital, has become the center of the world political map, with 190 world leaders attending the climate talks there, not to mention thousands of reporters.
Just how much do you know about the Scandinavian country?
Denmark is famous for its design culture. At the heart of “Danish Design” is the idea that, as poet and designer Piet Hein puts it: “There is one art, not more, nor less, [and that is] to do all things with artlessness (朴实)”.
Danish design places equal emphasis on practicality and quality. From Lego toys to furniture, Danish products are known for their clean lines, simplicity and functionality. “Remove material where it's not needed. Keep things simple and functional and make them carefully,” explained Hans J. Wegner, the first Danish designer to achieve worldwide fame: “The aim is not to create a work of art, but to produce a good chair.”
“The Danes have done a better job than most in promoting arts in Europe, considering their country's size and population, in the fields of architecture, sculpture and design,” writes Helena Smith, reporter with British newspaper the Guardian.
The simplicity of Danish design may extend to the quality of life there. Some even claim that the Danes have the highest quality of life of any nation in the world.
Kate Vial, a 55-year-old American who has lived and worked in Denmark for more than 30 years, explaining why she chooses to live in Denmark rather than the US, told Germany's biggest news weekly Der Spiegel: “I just chose a simpler lifestyle, one where I could ride my bike all over and where I don't have to make a great living to survive.”
41. What’s the writer’s purpose of mentioning Denmark’s literature?
A. To show the readers that Denmark is best known for its stories.
B. To arouse readers’ interest in Denmark.
C. To tell the readers that this passage is related to literature.
D. To show why Denmark can attract so many political leaders.
42. What is Denmark famous for according to the passage?
A. Design culture B. Making chairs C. Writing poems D. Climate prediction
43. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Danish design pays more attention to arts than its function.
B. Danish products don’t need much material.
C. Danish people like to keep simple life.
D. Compared with other countries in Europe, Denmark does little in promoting arts.
44. In Piet Hein’s opinion, the characteristic of Danish culture is _____________.
A. Creative B. Complicated C. Impractical D. Simple
45. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Danes conquer the world with simple designs.
B. Denmark—a new political center.
C. Life in Denmark.
D. Designer’s idea of Denmark.

　　Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.
　　Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
　　On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first- class roads, and other support facilities（配套设施）needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
　　Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
　　41．Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection？
　　A. It is extremely important to develop tourism.　B. Building roads and hotels is essential.
　　C. Support facilities are highly necessary. 　　D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.
　　42．The underlined word“ inhabitants” （in Paragraph 1 ） probably means____________.
　　A. tourists 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. passengers
　　C. population 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. citizens
　　43．Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ____________ .
A. a bad effect on other industries　B. a change of tourists’ customs
C. over-crowdedness of places of interest　D. pressure on traffic
　　44．It can be inferred from the text that _____________ .
　　A. the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast
　　B. local people will benefit from tourist attraction
　　C. other parts of a country’s economy won’t benefit from tourism much
　　D. we can't build too many support facilities
　　45．The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will ____________ .
　　A. waste a lot of money B. weaken their economy
　　C. help establish their customs D. help improve their life

After too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend’s Liverpudlian accent suddenly becomes too difficult to understand after his clear words on screen; a secretary stone seems more rejecting than I’d imagined it would be. Time itself becomes fluid—hours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. Weekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days.
For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie Rose, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter. I submit（提交） articles and edit them by E-mail and communicate with colleagues on Internet mailing lists. My boyfriend lives in England; so much of our relationship is computer-mediated.
If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard of 96 on TV.
But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal I start to feel as though I’ve merged（融合） with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another node（波节） on the Net. Others on line report the same symptoms. We start to strongly dislike the outside forms of socializing. It’s like attending an A. A .meeting in a bar with everyone holding a half sipped drink. We have become the Net opponents’ worst nightmare.
What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, and clothes and face, has become avoidance（逃避），a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber interaction, coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult.
At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something that I’d never done previously. The voices of the programs relax me, but then I’m jarred by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or needing to keep up with the latest news and the weather. “Dateline”, “Frontline” , “Nightline,” CNN, New York 1, every possible angle of every story over and over and over, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves from foreground to background.
36. Compared to the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his accent becomes______.
A. unreal B. unbearable C. misleading D. not understandable
37. The passage implies that the author and her boyfriend live in______.
A. the same city B. the same country
C. different countries D. different cities in England
38. What does the last paragraph mean?
A. Having worked on the computer for too long, she became a bit strange.
B. Sometimes TV programs give her comfort and even makes her forget her work.
C. She watches TV a lot in order to keep up with the latest news and the weather.
D. She turns on TV now and then in order to get some valuable information.
39. What is the author’s attitude to the computer?
A. At first she likes it but later becomes tired of it.
B. She likes it because it is very convenient.
C. She dislikes it because TV is more attractive.
D. She likes it because it provides an imaginary world.
40. The underlined phrase “coming back out of the cave” probably means______.
A. going back to the dreaming world B. coming back home from the outside world
C. bringing back direct human contact D. getting away from living a strange life

The use of the word imitation（模仿） reminds me that we ought to make some more comments on the risk of people imitating what they see on the screen in the way of crime（犯罪） or violence. First there was always a risk of children acting out scenes which could be dangerous. For example, I remember a woman who was head of a middle school telling me that she had happened to look out of her window when the children were on the playground and had seen them putting a small boy on a chair with a rope round his neck and the rope over the branch of a tree; fortunately she was in time to get there before the child was hanged. I remember a film in particular in which the hero who was imprisoned had escaped by electrocuting（通电触死） his guard, the technique of doing this being shown in detail. This was the kind of scene which we could cut for these reasons.
In films for young people and adults we always tried to keep off the screen the details of criminal techniques, such as how to open a locked door with a piece of hard plastic or how to open a safe; if we were consulted（请教） before production, I used to advise that the details should not be shown. When I gave talks in prisons about film checking I had full support for this, since fathers who were in prison for criminal offences did not want their children to get on crime.
Every time I gave a talk in a prison someone used to mention the French film Rififi. made by Jules Dassin in 1954. This remarkable film showed in great detail a robbery of a jeweler’s shop, the robbery lasting about half an hour and being backed by only natural sound...one of the most brilliant film sequences（连续镜头） of all time. I remember our discussion at the time. We thought that the robbery was finished only with the use of advanced and obviously expensive equipment and that only the most experienced and skilled criminals could possibly imitate it; we believed therefore that it was relatively safe. When talking in prisons some years later I learned that there had been several robberies in which the techniques had been copied, so perhaps we were wrong.
31. The writer thinks that____________.
A. the details of the criminal technique should be kept
B. the details of the crime should not be shown on the screen
C. children should not imitate what they see on the screen
D. it is dangerous to imitate what they see on the screen
32. What is the writer’s attitude（态度） towards the film in which the hero had escaped by electrocuting the guard?
A. The writer likes it very much.
B. The writer is strongly against it.
C. The writer thinks the film has some value.
D. The writer does not show his/her attitude.
33. Parents in prison agreed to film checking because______.
A. they did not want their children to follow them
B. the crime on screen could be imitated without difficulty
C. they had given a talk on it
D. they had made mistakes
34 .All the following statements about“Rififi”are true EXCEPT______.
A. that the robbery shown needs experience and skills
B. that some very good tools were used in the robbery
C. that the film showed the technique in detail
D. that the technique of the robbery was not imitated
35. It can be inferred from the passage that______.
A. it is hard for children to tell the differences between real life and the imaginary
B. only people in prison support film checking
C. only children imitate what they have seen on the screen
D. the writer used to advise the details of crime should be shown

Ⅱ阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked，canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant，the work’s canteen，and the school dining-room.
It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home，and his children rarely，if ever，see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation，and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money，and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work，but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life，the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue，but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.
26. The writer mentions home as workshop because______.
A. fathers often pursue employment at home
B. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-life
C. many families produce goods at home for sale
D. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers
27. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means______.
A. in the past, home was more like a workshop
B. home is much more of a workshop now
C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer
D. home was less like a workshop in the past
28. The word“accrue”in the sentence“When mother...accrue，”is closest in meaning to
__________________.
A. change B. dwindle C. double D. increase
29. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ___________________.
A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work
B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more
C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children
D. that children also like to have jobs outside
30. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family?
A. With their earning，mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life.
B. There are many choice of employment for mothers and children.
C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to.
D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now.