IlearntaboutthePygmalioneffect-优题课

Betty and Harold have been married for years. But one thing still puzzles old Harold. How is it that he can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame, come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa, talking?
What in the world, Harold wonders, do they have to talk about?
Betty shrugs（耸肩）. Talk? We’re friends.
Researching this matter called friendship, psychologists Lillian Rubin spent two years interviewing more than two hundred women and men. No matter what their age, their job, their sex, the results were completely clear: Women have more friendships than men, and the difference in the content and the quality of those friendships is “marked and unmistakable”.
More than two-thirds of the single men Rubin interviewed could not name a best friend. Those who could were likely to name a woman. Yet three-quarters of the single women had no problem naming a best friend, and almost always it was a woman. More married men than women named their wife/husband as a best friend, most trusted person, or the one they would turn to in time of emotional distress (感情危机). “Most women,” says Rubin, “identifies (认定) at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives.”
“In general,” writes Rubin in her new book, “women’s friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support, but men’s relationships are marked by shared activities.” For the most part, Rubin says, interactions between men are emotionally controlled ---a good fit with the social requirements of “manly behavior（行为）”.
“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings. While a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.”
What old Harold cannot understand or explain is the fact that______.

A．he is treated as an outsider rather than a husband

B．women has so much to share

C．women show little interest in ballgames

D．he finds his wife difficult to talk to

Rubin’s study shows that for emotional support a married woman is more likely to turn to ___.

A．a male friend	B．a female friend
C．her parents	D．her husband

According to the text, which type of behavior is NOT expected of a man by society?

A．Many of them do not have a best friend

B．Don’t often share their emotional feelings.

C．Complaining about his marriage trouble.

D．Going out to ballgames too often.

Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?

A．Men keep their innermost feelings to themselves.

B．Women are more serious than men about marriage.

C．Men often take sudden action to end their marriage.

D．Women depend on others in making decisions.

The research done by psychologist Rubin centers around _____.

A．happy and successful marriages

B．friendship of men and women

C．emotional problems in marriage

D．interactions between men and women

Hey there,
So you’re about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your parents’ money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever stop to wonder why you’re going?
Relax. You’re making the right decision. First of all, you’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. For example, it’s hard to decide if you want to be a painter if you’ve never painted any pictures; once you’re in a drawing-room on campus, you’ll know one way or the other. College is also a lot of fun—after you graduate, you’ll be working every weekday for 50 or so years. And remember that college graduates get about twice the income of those who never attended college.
Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, Johnson Review is here to help you every step of the way.
Researching School. To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best---- not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms.
Applying to School. On JohnsonReview.com, you’ll find hundreds of actual college applications(申请) and links to many more.
Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most important parts of the admissions(录取) course. It’s not the most important, though, and not everyone needs to prepare for the best. But, if you think you can do better, find the right course for better scores.
Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college. However, if you really do your research, you’ll learn that there are many ways to get financial aid and that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost.
For more information, call 600-3681 or visit Johnson Review.com, wherever you go, have a nice trip!
Johnson Smith
Founder and CEO
John Review
How many reasons for going to college does the author mention in the text?

A．2

B．3

C．4

D．5

What is the meaning for the word “income” at the end of the second paragraph?

A．Salary.

B．Tip.

C．Fee.

D．Fare.

What does the author advise you to do to pay the high cost of college?

A．To ask the family for help

B．To make a study of financial courses

C．To do research on the price of college

D．To get to know how to ask for financial aid

Which of the following will the author agree?

A．Johnson Review can help you find the right college more easily.

B．The most important part for college admission is the College Test.

C．It is not worth going to college nowadays in America

D．If you want to find a place to spend your holiday, visit Johnson Review.com

What’s the author’s purpose of writing this text?

A．To suggest ways to prepare for college learning

B．To help readers find the right college

C．To introduce Johnson Review

D．To introduce college life

Compassion is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into actions. An experience last weekend showed me this is true. I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly. These old people are our main customers, and it’s not hard to lose patience over their slowness. But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson. This untidy man walked up to my register (收款机) with a box of biscuits. He said he was out of cash, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.
I couldn’t help staring at him. I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way. I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world. I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didn’t allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.
Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up. If anything, he looked more pitiable. “Charge it to me,” was all he said.
What I had been feeling was pity. Pity is soft and safe and easy. Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action. I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either. Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself. I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.
What does the word “compassion” underlined in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．pity for the sufferings of others

B．feeling or expression of sorrow

C．liking for each other produced in people who have similar opinions or tastes

D．something for which to be thankful

The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits _____.

A．promised to obey the store rules

B．forgot to take any money with him

C．hoped to have the food first and pay later

D．could not afford anything more expensive

Which of the following best describes the first old gentleman?

A．kind and lucky	B．poor and lonely
C．friendly and helpful	D．hurt and disappointed

The writer acted upon the store rules because _____.

A．he wanted to keep his present job

B．he felt no pity for the old gentleman

C．he considered the old man dishonest

D．he expected someone else to pay for the old man

What does the writer learn from his experience?

A．Wealth is more important than anything else.

B．Helping others is easier said than done.

C．Experience is better gained through practice.

D．Obeying the rules means more than compassion.

Searching for life on other planets
For more than thirty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages, as well as messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may receive such messages.
Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to “listen” to signals from about 1,000 stars, all within 100 light years of Earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to listen for radio messages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight million channels at a time. Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.
Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy, scientists find that five percent are like our sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like Earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for life. Based on the planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that one or more of these planets may support some life.
However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that thirty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.
Other scientists believe that our search hasn’t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family is only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time some scientists think it is likely that civilizations much more advanced than ours have developed. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.
To look for signals from distant stars, scientists _____.

A．have sent up spaceships to other planets

B．have sent radio and television messages to outer space

C．are listening to the radio messages all the year round

D．will use computers to pick up background noise

According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?

A．5 billion.

B．10 billion.

C．15 billion.

D．200 billion.

Some scientists believe no other planet has life because ______.

A．most of the researches have been done over the radio

B．thirty years of searching doesn’t have any result

C．we didn’t send messages on spaceships

D．none of the other stars is right for life

Some scientists think there might be more advanced civilizations on other planets because _____.

A．some planets support more advanced civilizations

B．some civilizations have sent us signals we can’t recognize

C．the evolution of intelligence on other planets is unlike ours

D．some planets in our galaxy are much older than the earth

Which of these statements is true based on the information in the passage?

A．The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B．Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C．Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

D．More advanced civilization than ours have developed on other planets.

Are morning people born or made? In my case it was definitely made．In my early 20s, I rarely went to bed before midnight, and I would almost always get up late the next morning．
But after a while I couldn’t ignore the high relationship between success and rising early．On those rare occasions where I did get up early, I noticed that my productivity was almost always higher．So I set out to become a habitual early riser．But whenever my alarm went off, my first thought was always to stop that noise and go back to sleep．Eventually some sleep research showed me that I was using the wrong strategy．
The most common wrong strategy is this: You assume that if you’re going to get up earlier, you’d better go to bed earlier．It sounds very reasonable, but will usually fail.
There are two main schools(流派) of thought on sleep patterns．One is that you should go to bed and get up at the same time every day．The second school says you should go to bed when you’re tired and get up when you naturally wake up．However, I have found both of them are wrong if you care about productivity．If you sleep at set hours, you’ll sometimes go to bed when you aren’t sleepy enough．You’re wasting time lying in bed awake and not being asleep.
If your sleep is based on what your body tells you, you’ll probably be sleeping more than you need．Also, your mornings may be less predictable if you’re getting up at different times．
The solution for me has been to combine both methods．I go to bed when I’m sleepy and get up with an alarm clock at a fixed time．So I always get up at the same time (in my case 5 am), but I go to bed at different times every night — sometimes at 9:30pm, and other times at midnight．Most of the time I go to bed between 10-11 pm．
However, going to bed only when I’m sleepy, and getting up at a fixed time every morning is my way．If you want to become an early riser, you can try your own.
According to the passage, the underlined phrase refers to ____.