The Healthy Habits Survey （调查）shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
• Finding ： A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
• Step ： Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
• Finding ： Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the number doctors recommend.
• Step ： We touch our faces around 3，000 times a day-of-ten inviting germs （病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot run-ning water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
• Finding ： Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
• Step ： Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge （海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds. What is found out about American seniors?
| A．Most of them have good habits. |
| B．Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week. |
| C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected. |
| D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day. |
Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands __________.
| A．twice a day |
| B．three times a day |
| C．four times a day |
| D．eight times a day |
Which of the following is true according to the text?
| A．We should keep from touching our faces. |
| B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth. |
| C．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. |
| D．W should wash our hands before touching a door handle. |
The text probably comes from __________.
| A．a guide book |
| B．a popular magazine |
| C．a book review |
| D．an official document |
If a husband accuses his wife of missing the bigger picture or the wife says her husband has no eye for detail，there may be more than an element of truth to it.
Scientists have shown that men are better at dealing with distant targets，while women are good at shortrange focusing.
The finding reflects（反映） the way men and women's brains evolved(进化)thousands of years ago. Hunters，usually the men，needed the ability to find targets in far places. Women，on the other hand，had to be_adept_in searching the area immediately within reach for fruits，nuts，berries and roots.
Researchers asked 48 men and women to mark the midpoint of lines on a piece of paper with a laser（激光） pointer. Men were more accurate(准确的)than women when the target was placed at a distance of 100cm or out of reach. When the paper was only 50cm away—within hands' reach—the women did a much better job.
Psychologist Helen Stancey，from Hammersmith and West London College，said，“Evidence already exists that separate pathways in the brain process visual（视觉上的） information from near and far space. Our results suggest that the near pathways is favored in women and the far pathway is favored in men. ”The findings are published online in the British Journal of Psychology.
In a second study，volunteers were asked to carry out the same tasks by using a stick. This time women were much better than men at judging both distances. The finding suggests that the stick provides a focal point(集中点)to help the brain to process distant information as if it is in the near space.What's the function of Paragraph 1?
| A．To tell us the difference between men and women. |
| B．To explain why men see farther than women. |
| C．To tell us what couples often quarrel about. |
| D．To lead to the topic of the passage. |
The underlined part“be adept in”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
| A．be good at | B．get interested in |
| C．be proud of | D．give up |
In the second study，________.
| A．men were proved to be good at dealing with distant targets |
| B．women were proved to be poor at dealing with distant targets |
| C．volunteers were asked to mark the midpoint of lines using a laser pointer |
| D．women did much better than men in judging both short and long distances. |
I was born in Tuckahoe，Talbot Country，Maryland. I have no accurate(准确的)knowledge of my age，never having seen any record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs，and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep their slaves thus ignorant(不知情的)．I do not remember having ever met a slave who could tell of his birthday. They seldom come nearer to it than plantingtime，harvesting，springtime，or falltime. A lack of information concerning my own was a source of unhappiness to me even during childhood. The white children could tell their ages，but I could not tell. Why the same right ought to be taken away from me！I was not allowed to ask my master about it. He considered all such questions on the part of a slave improper and impolite. The nearest estimate(估计)I can live makes me now between twentyseven and twentyeight years of age. I come to this，from hearing my master say，some time during 1835，I was about seventeen years old. My mother was named Harriet Bailey. She was the daughter of Isaac and Betsey Bailey，both colored，and quite dark.
My father was a white man. The opinion was also whispered that my master was my father；but of the correctness of this opinion，I know nothing and I have no means to know. My mother and I were separated when I was but an infant—before I knew her as my mother. It is a common custom，in the part of Maryland from which I ran away，to part children from their mothers at a very early age. Frequently，before the child has reached its twelfth month，its mother is taken from it，and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off，and the child is placed under the care of an older woman，too old for field labor.It can be learned from the text that________.
| A．the slaves forgot the exact time when they were born |
| B．the writer didn't know whether his master was his father |
| C．the writer was about twentyseven years old in 1835 |
| D．the writer's mother left him as soon as he was born |
The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to________.
| A．their birthday | B．my age |
| C．a record | D．Maryland |
The author was most probably raised________.
| A．by his grandparents |
| B．by an old woman slave |
| C．with his master's support |
| D．together with other children |
How does the writer feel about not knowing his age?
| A．Curious. | B．Unhappy. |
| C．Astonished. | D．Ashamed. |
About the year 1900，a small，darkhaired hot boy named Charlie Chaplin was often seen waiting outside the back entrance of London Theatre.He looked thin and hungry.He was hoping to get work in show business.He could sing and dance；above all，he knew how to make people laugh.But he couldn't get work and so he wandered about the city streets.Sometimes he was sent away to a home for children who had no parents.
But twenty years later this name Chaplin became the greatest，bestknown，and bestloved comedian in the world.Any visitor to the cinema must have seen some of Chaplin's filmstrips (胶片)．People everywhere have sat and laughed at them until the tears ran down their faces.Even people who don't understand English can enjoy Chaplin's films though most of them are silent.It isn't what he says that makes people laugh.His comedy doesn't depend upon words and languages.It depends upon little actions which mean the same thing to people all over the world.Acting out，without words，common human situations play an important part in the dances and plays of many countries.It's a kind of world language.
Chaplin lived most of his life in America and died in Switzerland on Christmas Day,1977，at the age of eightyeight.The world was astonished at the news of the death and burst into sadness.Why was young Chaplin waiting outside the back entrance of the theatre?
| A．Because he had no money to buy a ticket. |
| B．Because he wanted to get a returned ticket. |
| C．Because he wanted to play a part in a play in order to make a living. |
| D．Because he wanted to see the famous actors or actresses after the performance. |
It was ________that made people enjoy his films.
| A．wonderful dialogues | B．the beautiful music |
| C．his funny appearance | D．his own manner of acting |
The reason why Chaplin is regarded as king of comedy is that ________.
| A．his films are most silent |
| B．he knew how to make people laugh |
| C．he could not only act but also write comedies |
| D．he acted out the common human situation best in his comedy |
What's the best title of this passage?
| A．Charlie Chaplin，A Famous Humorous Actor |
| B．Charlie Chaplin，A Worker |
| C．Charlie Chaplin，A Small Boy |
| D．Charlie Chaplin，A Director |
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In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied (依赖) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.What does this passage mainly talk about?
| A．Competition helps to set up self-respect. |
| B．Opinions about competition are different among people. |
| C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development. |
| D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition. |
Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
| A．It pushes society forward. |
| B．It builds up a sense of duty. |
| C．It improves personal abilities. |
| D．It encourages individual efforts. |
The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ______.
| A．those who try their best to win |
| B．those who value competition most highly |
| C．those who are against competition most strongly |
| D．those who rely on others most for success |
What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?
| A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others. |
| B．One's success in competition needs great efforts. |
| C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills. |
| D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried. |
Which point of view may the author agree to?
| A．Every effort should be paid back. |
| B．Competition should be encouraged. |
| C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter. |
| D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition. |