A pioneering head teacher is calling for all high schools to follow his lead and start classes at 11 am，allowing teenagers two hours extra in bed.
Dr. Paul Kelley，head of Monkseaton Community High School in North Tyneside，said it would mean the end of sleeping in lessons before lunch，after experiments showed teenagers could have different body clocks from adults and younger children.
Russell Foster，an Oxford professor of neuroscience(神经系统科学)，tested the memory of 200 Monkseaton pupils at 9 am and 2 pm using pairs of words，and discovered a 9% improvement in the afternoon. Students correctly identified 51% of word pairs in the later session，compared with 42% in the morning. Tayler McCullough,15，one of the test subjects，said the majority of students would welcome the extra hours in bed.“I'm extremely hard to get up in the morning. One or two people like to get to school early，but most of us would be up for going in later. I'm sure it would make a big difference to our learning ability.”
Kelley is adamant that a change of school timetable will have a meaningful effect on exam performance. He wants his school's governors to approve his plan and put the new timetable in place before the opening of Monkseaton's new school building，the most technologically advanced in the country，in September.
Kelley hopes his latest idea will be just as successful.“We have to be practical. But this proves that，by starting later，children's learning improves，as does their health.”
Foster said，“This is preliminary(初步的) data，but what's exciting is that it matches more detailed studies carried out in Canada and the US. Teenagers get up late not because they are lazy but because they are biologically programmed to do so.”How many professors are mentioned in the passage?
| A．One. |
| B．Two. |
| C．Three. |
| D．Four. |
According to Russell Foster's research，________.
| A．the students tested had very good memories |
| B．the students tested did better jobs in the afternoon |
| C．42% of the students tested could do very good jobs |
| D．51% of the students tested could master 9% of words |
What does the underlined word “adamant” in the fourth paragraph mean?
| A．Angry. |
| B．Absorbed. |
| C．Adaptable. |
| D．Determined. |
Foster's opinion on teenagers' getting up late is that ________.
| A．teenagers are practical |
| B．teenagers are lazybones |
| C．it's based on their body development |
| D．it's good for their learning and health |
In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （ Al ） has been described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling?
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans? Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "felt" and "expressed" by its "digital people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic ( 算 法) design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images that behave like humans." She then continues, "If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively ( 直觉地) know how other humans react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业） . "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use new ways of communicating with that technology, she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in their goals."
46. According to Para. 2, in what respect （ s ） do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings?
| A． |
In the way they move around. |
| B． |
In the way they act and react. |
| C． |
In observation and analysis. |
| D． |
In speech and facial expressions. |
47. Soul Machines' digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
| A． |
learns to make proper emotional responses |
| B． |
tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly |
| C． |
recognizes the speech sounds it receives |
| D． |
processes the natural language it hears |
48. In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings?
| A． |
Calculating brain. |
| B． |
B Language skills. |
| C． |
Instinctive judgements. |
| D． |
Problem-solving ability. |
49. What makes many sectors employ digital humans?
| A． |
The fear of falling behind in efficiency. |
| B． |
The urgency to promote e-commerce. |
| C． |
The wish to spread digital technology. |
| D． |
The need to upgrade the health care system. |
50. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings?
| A． |
It's well planned. |
| B． |
It is promising. |
| C． |
It is uncertain. |
| D． |
It's quite hopeless. |
When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A.M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
41. What motivated the author to start her writing career?
| A． |
Her strong wish to share. |
| B． |
Her keen interest in writing. |
| C． |
Her urgent need to make a living. |
| D． |
Her passionate desire for fame. |
42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing?
| A． |
She was too exhausted to write after a busy day. |
| B． |
She had trouble in deciding on her writing style. |
| C． |
She had to take time to discipline her daughter. |
| D． |
She was unsure about her writing skills. |
43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway?
| A． |
In case the clock in her room broke down. |
| B． |
In case she failed to hear the ringing. |
| C． |
To force herself out of bed. |
| D． |
To wake up her family. |
44. How did the author manage to finish her novel?
| A． |
By sticking to writing every morning. |
| B． |
By writing when her mind was most active. |
| C． |
By drawing inspirations from classic novels. |
| D． |
By reducing her teaching hours at school. |
45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career?
| A． |
It is never too late to change your job. |
| B． |
Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time. |
| C． |
A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action. |
| D． |
Daily life provides ideas for creative writing. |
When starting college, most students enjoy a week's stay on campus before classes actually begin. What should you do with that time? Below are several tips to ease （使熟悉） yourself into college life.
Participating in Campus Welcome Activities
Most universities host welcome events before the academic year officially begins, including freshmen orientations （迎新会）， campus picnics, and entertainments like concerts.
Participating in such events is a great way to learn about school facilities and understand campus culture: What do students do for fun? What are their favorite classes? What is the history of your university? It can help you observe campus life outside the classroom.
Exploring Campus
Getting to know where essential campus resources are-such as the student advising center, psychological services, and the tutoring center~~will make your first few weeks on campus a lot easier, because you won't have to look for them while still getting used to your classes.
Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held. This will prevent you from getting lost in the first few days of classes, and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place. If you're worried about taking classes one after another in different buildings, a quick test run won't hurt. That way, you will avoid potential time delays in getting to your classes.
Starting a Routine
Before getting too excited about all of the fun things you will be able to do during the week, remember that you do have a pretty big schedule change coming up. Starting classes means being in different places at different times, so it's a great idea to start getting used to that routine right this week.
What helps you most is to schedule your sleep. Following the planned time will ensure you have enough sleep to get to those early classes and stay wide awake.
If you have other daily routines, such as exercising or talking on the phone with family, work those into your day-to-day life before classes start so that you get a better idea of how they fit in with your schedule.
36. By participating in campus welcome activities, freshmen can .
| A． |
learn about campus culture |
| B． |
get their course schedule |
| C． |
have a physical examination |
| D． |
take an entrance test |
37. Why are freshmen advised to have a quick test run between buildings ?
| A． |
To see how many facilities they can use. |
| B． |
To avoid being late for future classes. |
| C． |
To help those getting lost on campus. |
| D． |
To practice running on their way to class. |
38. When is it best for freshmen to start getting used to the new routine?
| A． |
On the first day of their classes. |
| B． |
Before the orientation week. |
| C． |
After their first-day classes. |
| D． |
During the orientation week. |
39. What does the author suggest freshmen do to stay focused in class?
| A． |
Take physical exercise before class. |
| B． |
Leave their phones powered off. |
| C． |
Take early classes every day. |
| D． |
D Keep to the sleep schedule. |
40. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
| A． |
To offer some tips on making an easier start at college. |
| B． |
To remind freshmen about the first day of school. |
| C． |
To help freshmen organize campus activities. |
| D． |
To share his college experience with the reader. |
An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage.
Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how cattlemen are aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power. It will use cameras and sensors to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags （标签）on the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape，color and texture （质地） of grass. That way， cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purposes.
Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as com and wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes.
For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in watching cattle. But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that an animal is getting sick.
Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concems about cattle theft. Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets.
12.What is a problem with the cattle-raising industry?
| A． |
Soil pollution. |
B． |
Lack of workers. |
| C． |
Aging machines. |
D． |
Low profitability. |
13. What will Sukkarieh's robot be able to do?
| A． |
Monitor the quality of grass. |
B． |
Cure the diseased cattle. |
| C． |
Move cattle to another field. |
D． |
Predict weather changes. |
14.Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle?
| A． |
He wants to help them earn a living. |
B． |
He thinks men can do the job better. |
| C． |
He is inexperienced in using robots. |
D． |
He enjoys the traditional way of life. |
15.How may robots help with cattle watching according to Michael Kelsey?
| A． |
Increase the value of cattle. |
B． |
Bring down the cost of labor. |
| C． |
Make the job more appealing. |
D． |
Keep cattle from being stolen. |
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution （变革）. "We are going to make a change，＂she said.＂I＇ve started a project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools."
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. "I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up," she said. "We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: "Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. "It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."
8.What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
| A． |
Make a movie. |
B． |
Build new schools. |
| C． |
Run a project. |
D． |
Help local musicians. |
9.What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
| A． |
It is particularly difficult. |
B． |
It increases artists' income. |
| C． |
It opens children's mind. |
D． |
It deserves greater attention. |
10.What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
| A． |
Moral principles. |
B． |
Interpersonal skills. |
| C． |
Creative abilities. |
D． |
Positive worldviews. |
11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
| A． |
Bring Artists to Schools |
B． |
When Historians Meet Artists |
| C． |
Arts Education in Britain |
D． |
The World's Best Arts Teacher |