【2013年河南】Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.
For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.
Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!
Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?
| A．Someone puts on a heavy jacket. |
| B．Someone works in the penguin pen. |
| C．Someone will go outside into cold weather. |
| D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink. |
Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?
| A．He bullied another student. |
| B．He is going shopping. |
| C．His is being picking up early. |
| D．He is being given a prize. |
What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?
| A．He was going outside. |
| B．He was reading a story. |
| C．He was sleepwalking. |
| D．He was looking for his dad. |
Which of the following is cause and effect?
| A．Tony got up and had a glass of water. |
| B．We came home and found him sleeping. |
| C．The ball was lost and a window was broken. |
| D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry. |
What is the best title for the next?
| A．Truth and lies | B．Work and sleep |
| C．Cause and effect | D．Life and dreams |
根据短文内容和所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
There was a famous church in London. It was 110 ____(米) high. The center of the church was _
___(像) a bell. The ceiling of the church was painted by a famous artist. A platform (平台) was __
__(建造) so that the artist could put up a ladder (梯子) on it and paint the ceiling. The platform was about 70 meters over the ground.
One day the artist was working hard and had nearly ____(完成) one popular corner on the ceiling. Also on the platform was his assistant, who was mixing paints. The artist stepped back so that he could see how his work was progressing. To have a better look at his painting, he stepped back again.__
__(突然), his assistant shouted, picked up a small bowl of paint and started to paint the artist’s work on the top. The artist was very mad and rushed forwards to stop him.
“What do you think you are doing?” he shouted _____(生气地). “Are you mad?” His assistant replied, “I saw you _
__(行走) backwards to have a better look at your painting. But you didn’t __
__(注意) that you had reached the very edge of the platform. You were in great __
_(危险). I wanted to make you move forwards. If I had not made you run forwards, you would have
___(跌落) backwards off the edge of the platform.”
The famous fat and lazy cat Garfield is coming to China. In this American movie, Garfield acts with real actors. He makes trouble and dances like a star. He will make you laugh a lot.
Drawn by American Cartoonist Jim Davis since 1978, Garfield has fans all over the world. He likes eating, sleeping and watching TV. He hates doing exercise! “I’m lazy and fat. But I’m proud of it,” he says. Garfield always sits in front of the TV eating lasagna( 意大利面)，his favourite dish. Sometimes, he’s rude to his owner Jon Arbuckle.
One day, Jon brings Odie, a homeless dog, into his home. Odie is cute. He gets all Jon’s love. This turns Garfield’s world upside down. Garfield wants the dog out of the house, and his life. One night, he kicks Odie out of the house. But later Garfield finds that Odie had been kidnapped(绑架) by a TV star! The man wants to use the dog in his shows. Garfield feels sorry for Odie. He sees he has done something wrong. He wants to make up for it. So Garfield gets off his favourite chair to try to save his friend.Which of the following about Garfield is true?
| A．He is a real cat. |
| B．His favourite dish is fish. |
| C．He never gets mad at people. |
| D．He’s smart and funny. |
Garfield wants the dog out of the house because ______________.
| A．he doesn’t like to share lasagna with him. |
| B．the dog makes him upside down. |
| C．he becomes jealous (嫉妒) of the dog. |
| D．he wants the dog to go to a show. |
We can tell from the story that Garfield _____________.
| A．is always rude to friends. |
| B．can never get Odie back. |
| C．will probably save Odie in the end. |
| D．may find another dog to take the place of Odie. |
Imagine that you are the first person ever to see Hawaii. What would be the first thing you would set foot on?
The beach, naturally. There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii. These islands cover 1,600 miles and are about 2,300 miles west of California. Most of them are covered with fine white sand. They are thought to be among the finest beaches in the world.
Another wonderful thing about the beaches of Hawaii is the water temperature. The year-round average (平均)temperature of the water at the famous Waikiki Beach is 230C!
The same is true of air temperature. In fact, there are no real seasons in Hawaii. There is a difference of only two or three degrees between the hottest day of summer and the coldest day of winter. That’s why the Hawaiians don’t have a word for weather in their language.
Perhaps the nicest thing about Hawaiian beaches are the waves. The earliest settlers (定居者) in Hawaii, the Polynesians, quickly learned how much fun it was to ride the waves. They developed a sport which is now very popular on the islands called body surfing. You go out into the ocean, wait for a big wave to come towards you, jump on it, and ride it all the way to the beach.
Now imagine once again that you are the first person ever to set foot in Hawaii. What do you think would be the second beautiful thing you would notice?
Would it be those strange triangles (三角形状物) rising out of the water hundreds and hundreds of meters high? What are those beautiful things? They are volcanoes (火山), of course. These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands. They made the islands at first. Because of them the islands are still growing.
The most famous volcano on Hawaii is Mauna Loa. It is the world’s most active volcano. It has been erupting (喷发) for thousands of years. Even when it isn’t erupting, smoke comes out of the earth from a thousand little holes.
In 1950 Mauna Loa erupted for twenty-three days. That erupting produced the greatest amount of lava (熔岩) in modern history. In 1960 it erupted again. That time it added a kilometer of beach to the island. Because Mauna Loa has erupted so often, it has become the biggest (but not the tallest) mountain in the world.
These volcanoes could be dangerous to the population of Hawaii. In fact, Hilo, the second largest city in Hawaii, is built just under Mauna Loa. The volcano could erupt at any time. Most people believe that it will erupt sometime in the next twenty-five years. But the people of Hilo do not seem worried. They live with the danger as part of their lives.According to the passage, what are the two most beautiful things in Hawaii?
| A．Waves and cities. |
| B．Beaches and language. |
| C．Volcanoes and beaches. |
| D．Volcanoes and people. |
Which is NOT the reason why the Hawaiians don’t have a word for weather in their language?
A. There are no real seasons in Hawaii.
B. The temperature of the water at one of the beaches is always 230C.
C. The Hawaiians feel almost the same in the hottest day and coldest day.
D. There is not much difference in air temperature all the year round in Hawaii.It can be inferred that _________ according to the passage.
| A．volcanoes are more active because the area of the island is enlarging |
| B．the visitors to Hawaii can probably see more than one active volcano |
| C．Mauna Loa is the tallest mountain in the world because it has erupted so often |
| D．people in Hilo are sure that more visitors will come because of volcanoes |
Jimmy's teacher asked the students to make an art project. The project must be handed in on April 9. This meant that Jimmy had two weeks to finish it. He planned to make a hairy man.
| You will need these things to make a hairy man: ♦A Piece of paper ♦Scissors ♦A pencil ♦White glue ♦Some grass seeds ♦A flowerpot with soil  What you will need to do: ◆ Draw eyes, ears, and a nose on the paper. Cut them out and glue them onto the flowerpot ◆Put the grass seeds in the soil. ◆Water the soil and put your flowerpot next to a sunny window. ◆The person you draw will have "hair" in a week or two. ◆You may want to cut the person's "hair" when it gets too long. |
Look at the poster. Which of these do you need to make a hairy man?
| A．A ruler. | B．Flowers. |
| C．A man's hair. | D．Scissors. |
Which of the following sentences should be in the empty box?
| Cut shapes from the paper and glue them to the flowerpot. |
→ |
→ |
Water the soil and place the flowerpot next to a sunny window. |
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| Step l |
Step2 |
Step3 |
A. Cut the hairy man's hair.
B. Make a note about your art project.
C. Put grass seeds in the soil.
D. Draw a pair of eyes and a nose on the paper.This article mostly about________.
| A．when to cut a hairy man's hair |
| B．how to make a hairy man |
| C．how to plant grass seeds |
| D．where to make a hairy man |
Which of the following sentences is right?
| A．The grass seeds will grow up like hair in one or two weeks. |
| B．The hair is drawn on the paper. |
| C．The grass seeds will not grow up in two weeks. |
| D．The person you draw will have real hair in one or two weeks. |
Most schools in China have their own school rules. So do the schools in other countries.
Japan: Most schools demand that students wear uniforms, such as sports suits or skirts. They also demand that girls' white socks be folded in a certain way and boys' heads be shaved.
Other Japanese schools tell students that they may not date, go to movies, leave home after sunset or play video games without permission from the school.
US:For safety at some US schools, students must have a pair of indoor shoes to change into at school every day. This makes sure students won't fall over on the slippery floors and keeps the schools clean.
Gum chewing(口香糖) is not allowed in many US school buildings, as it is difficult to clean up. And if students chew gum in class, they may not focus on study.
UK:Strange hairstyles（发型） are not allowed in some British schools. But they might allow students to wear certain hairstyles during the World Cup years. Two students had a special design shaved into their hair during 2002 World Cup. But they were not accepted by their school after that because the school said the rules changed since then.Many Japanese students have to following the following rules EXCEPT__________.
| A．wear uniform |
| B．boys’ heads should be shaved |
| C．wear indoor shoes at school |
| D．can’t leave home after sunset |
Gum chewing is not allowed in many US schools may because _____________.
| A．it is difficult to clean up |
| B．make students study carefully |
| C．it costs students too much money |
| D．it wastes teachers’ time |
British students could have a special hairstyle ____________.
| A．during Olympic Games |
| B．in the year 2007 |
| C．only during the World Cup |
| D．after the school rules changed |
The meaning of the focus onis _______________.
| A．从事于 | B．继续 | C．专心于 | D．放弃 |
The passage wants to tell us ______________.
| A．Different countries have the same rules for the students. |
| B．We must follow all the rules above. |
| C．Students in different countries have to follow different rules. |
| D．Most schools in China have different school rules. |