Sometimes， people are not clear about what kind of food is healthy， and what kind of food may do harm to our health. The USDA has prepared a food guide to help people learn about which kind of food is the healthiest to eat. The food guide describes six main food groups: meat (like fish and chicken)， dairy (like milk and cheese)， grains (like bread and rice) ， fruit， and vegetables. The last group is fats and sweets. The USDA also suggests how much of each food group is healthy to eat daily. Though this guide was prepared by the US government， it is very useful for people all over the world.
As a result of years of study， we know that too much animal fat is bad for our health. For example， Americans eat a lot of meat and only a small amount of grains， fruit and vegetables. Because of the way they eat， they have a high rate (率) of cancer and heart disease. In Japan， people eat large amounts of grains and very little meat. The Japanese also have a very low rate of cancer and heart disease. The Japanese live longer than anyone else in the world. However， when Japanese people move to the US， the rate of heart disease and cancer goes up as their eating habit changes. And as hamburgers， ice creams and other high-fat foods become popular in Japan， the rate of heart disease and cancer is going up there as well. People are also eating more meat and dairy food in other countries， in which the disease rate is going up along with the change of the way people eat. Doctors everywhere suggest people eat more grains， fruit and vegetables and less meat and dairy food.
Eating healthily is important for children as well as their parents. When parents have poor eating habits， their children usually do， too. After all， children eat ‘ the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food， the children will learn to enjoy it， too. Then they will develop good eating habits. Doctors suggest parents give their children healthier food such as fruit， vegetables and juice.
Everyone wants to live a long， healthy life. We know that the food we eat affects us in different ways. For example， doctors believe that fruit and vegetables can really protect people from many different diseases. On the other hand， animal fat can cause diseases. We can change our eating habits now and enjoy many years of healthy living.What is the USDA in the passage?
| A．A group of doctors in the US. |
| B．An office of the US government. |
| C．A report on diseases in the US. |
| D．An order given by the US president. |
The second paragraph mainly tells us that__________.
| A．Japanese are always healthier than Americans |
| B．living in the US is not good for people’s health |
| C．if you eat too much fat you will have cancer |
| D．the way we eat may cause some health problems |
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．More and more people have good eating habits now. |
| B．Parents’ eating habits are important to their children. |
| C．Good eating habits develop only when you are young. |
| D．The more fruit and vegetables we eat， the longer we will live. |
The greatest help the passage gives us is__________.
| A．to introduce a food guide to the world |
| B．to provide us with knowledge of six food groups |
| C．to suggest a way of eating for a healthy life |
| D．to find the main cause of some serious diseases |
The population of the world continues to increase， but in some areas the population is falling．This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe． In Russia， the population is going down by about 100 people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland （波兰）the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries．
One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle． All over Europe people， especially educated women， have a different attitude （态度）to children than their parents．"I have one child and she is enough for me， "said Galina Tereschkova， a doctor from Moscow． "My husband and I both work full﹣time． We can't imagine having more than one child． "Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all． "I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years， "said 19﹣year﹣old student Hana Markova from Prague． Her opinion is typical of 18﹣24 year old women everywhere in Europe．
In Poland， the population is going down for a different reason． A lot of people，usually aged between 20 and 30， are leaving the country to work abroad． Poland joined the European Union in 2005 and since then more than half a million people have moved to Britain， Germany， Spain and Italy． Even so， the population of those four countries and many other countries in West Europe is also going down．
Many governments are now encouraging people to have larger families． In France，women now receive nearly 1，000 a month for a year if they have a third child．Austrian women receive 700 a month for three years when they have their first child．
（1）Where in the world is the population getting smaller？
（2）How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have？
（3）What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children？
（4）Why is the population in Poland going down？
（5）How does the French government encourage people to have larger families now？
Do you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades？ Well， maybe you should first lean something about the struggles（奋斗）of great scientists．
The American Psychological Association did an interesting study． More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it． The students were divided into three groups． Group I read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists． Group 2 read about those scientists' personal struggles． For example， as a Jew， Einstein（爱因斯坦） ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution （迫害）． The last group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles，such as Marie Curie's failed scientific tests． These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles（障碍）．
The students took a science exam before the study． After the six﹣week study， they took another Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades． Students in Group I didn't see a grade increase． Some of them even had lower grades after the study．
The study was led by Xiaodong Lin﹣Siegler， a teacher at Columbia University．According to Xiaodong， kids often think Einstein was truly intelligent． They believe they will never match him． Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey． Along the way， there are many failures（失败）．
Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves． The "great minds" also had to overcome obstacles to achieve success．
Xiaodong says today's science textbooks fail to bring science to life． As a result，students seldom regard science as part of their everyday lives． Instead， they just see a long list of facts that they have to remember． Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed． And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way．
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案．
（1）According to the article， students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by ．
A． reading the achievements of great scientists more carefully
B． listening more carefully to their physics and chemistry teachers
C． learning about how great scientists dealt with their obstacles
（2）All of the students who took part in the study ．
A． were interested in physics and chemistry
B． went to school in New York City
C． wanted to improve their physics and chemistry grades
（3）Andy Hunt was one of the students who took part in the study． According to his report card， he was probably a member of ．
|
Andy Hunt Class 2． grade 9 Physics 2018﹣4﹣9 86 2018﹣5﹣22 79 |
A． Group 1
B．Group 2
C．Group 3
（4）In Paragraph Four， the word "match" means " " in Chinese．
A．满足
B．比得上
C．配对
（5）Xiaodong Lin﹣Siegler thinks science textbooks should ．
A． tell students directly that Einstein was born a common man
B． make the long lists of facts that students have to remember more interesting
C． include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed
Do you often listen to music at loud volumes？ You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing． Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss（听力丧失）， because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time． Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing．
The United Nations has standards for safe listening． It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB （分贝） for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes．The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB．
Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear． Most of us are born with about 16，000 hair cells（听毛细胞） in our inner ears． These cells notice sounds． However， listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die． This is what causes hearing loss Once this happens， it's hard to get your hearing back．
Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud． But this can depend on where you are． For example， if you are in a noisy place like the subway， you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it． Later， when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place， you might feel uncomfortable．
The "safe level" for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week． a level of 80 dB is about equal to（相当于） the noise of a subway．
Here is some advice on safe listening． Over﹣the﹣ ear headphones（头戴式耳机） are better than in﹣ear ones． They do a better job of stopping outside noise， so you can listen at a lower volume．Don't listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time． Follow the 60： 60 rule： listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones' maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day．
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误．正确的用"A表示，不正确的用"B"表示．
（1）It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes．
（2）Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die．
（3）From the fourth paragraph， we know people don't always realize how loud their music is．
（4）In﹣ear headphones are better than over﹣the﹣ear ones because they can stop more outside noise．
（5）This article mainly tells us why ears are an important part of our bodies．
My work allows me to live in different countries． Reading books helps me to connect with my friends， family and my home country， the UK． Here are some books that I read a lot．
Daddy Long Legs
This book is about the story of a young girl， Judy， who goes to university and gets lots of new experiences． This book always makes me think of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed．
Harry Potter
I'm sure many of you know Harry Potter books! I have read them many times since primary school． I really get lost in the stories． These days I'm reading them again in Germany．
The Railway Children
这是我最喜爱的书之一It was a gift for my 13th birthday from my best friend， so it still strongly makes me think of my childhood． It is about three children and their adventures（冒险经历）next to a railway．
（1）从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子．
I can live in different countries because of my work．
（2）回答问题：
When did the writer's mother read the book to him？
（3）将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语． __
（4）将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语．
（5）回答问题：
What does the underlined word "It" in the last sentence refer to（指的是）？
Is a nearby neighbour better than a faraway cousin？ An American lady， Anna Lane， believes it's true． Her kind neighbours once helped her out when she was in a big trouble．
Mrs. Lane was living alone in a city in Texas， US． The woman in her 70s could do a lot of housework herself． However， she was too old to mow（修剪）her lawn（草坪）． Then a big trouble found her． She let the grass grow over 18 inches high and it broke the law in her city． As a result， she was in danger of paying lots of money or even going to prison!
Luckily， her neighbours， the Adams brothers， heard the news about her on TV． They decided to do something to help． "We haven't met her yet， but she's 75 years old and she needs some help， "said Sam Adams， one of the boys． "That's the least we could do．"
The Adams brothers took their mowers（修剪机）and came to Mrs. Lane's house to mow her lawn without telling her． Once they got started， other neighbours saw what was going on and joined in the effort．
Together they worked hard in the sun and finished mowing the whole lawn in about two hours． When Mrs. Lane saw what her neighbours did for her， she was surprised and moved to tears（感动得落泪）． "I cannot believe this， "she said． "They were so kind to spend two hours helping me and I didn't even know their names． "As for the Adams brothers， they said they would always be ready to help her．
（1）What can we know about Mrs. Lane？
A． She was 70 years old．
B． She could not do her housework．
C． She was living with her children．
D． She could not cut the grass on the lawn．
（2）Mrs. lane was in danger of going to prison because ．
A． she broke the education law in her city
B． the grass on her lawn was over 18 inches high
C． the news about her on TV was made up by her
D． she didn't pay enough money to her neighbours
（3）Who mowed the lawn？
A． The Adams brothers．
B． Sam Adams and Mrs. Lane．
C． The Adams brothers and Mrs. Lane．
D． The Adams brothers and other neighbours．
（4）Which of the following is true？
A． The Adams brothers knew Mrs. Lane very well．
B． Mrs. Lane knew some of her neighbours' names．
C． Mrs. Lane didn't expect her neighbours would help her．
D． The Adams brothers used Mrs. Lane's mowers to cut the grass．
（5）The best title（题目）for the passage would be ．
A． Good neighbours
B． A serious city law
C． A beautiful garden
D． Humorous brothers