WelcometoArtCampsArtclassesare-优题课

Winter in the north is usually very cold and it is important to avoid colder-related injuries such as frostbite(冻伤) and hypothermia(体温降低)．Frostbite is damage that happens when skin is exposed to extreme cold for too long．It mainly happens on the hands，feet，nose，and ears and some will bring permanent damage．Hypothermia is a serious medical condition caused by serious cold．It happens when the body cannot produce as much heat as it loses．If not treated，it can be deadly．
The best way to avoid cold-related injuries is to be prepared for the outdoors．Here is a simple way to remember four basic steps to staying warm．Think of COLD．
The C stands for cover．Wear a hat and scarf to keep heat from escaping through the head，neck，and ears．And wear mittens instead of gloves．Mittens are a type of glove that does not have separate parts for each finger．Gloves may not keep hands as warm because they separate the fingers．
The O stands for overexertion(过分用力)．Avoid activities that will make you sweaty．Wet clothes and cold weather are a bad mix．
L is for layers．Wearing loose，lightweight clothes，one layer on top of another, is better than single heavy layer clothing．Also，make sure outerwear is made of water resistant and tightly knit material．
The last letter D stands for dry．In other words，stay as dry as possible．Pay attention to the places where snow can enter, like the tops of boots．the necks of coats and the wrist areas of mittens．
And there are a couple of other things to keep in mind，one for children and the other for adults．Eating snow might be fun but it lowers the body's temperature．And drinking alcohol might make a person feel warm，but what it really does is weaken the body's ability to hold heat．
67．Both frostbite and hypothermia．
A．are injuries caused by extreme cold
B．may happen on the hands，feet，nose and ears
C．may cause uncontrollable shaking and slow breathing
D．may be deadly injuries
68．Mittens can keep your hands warmer than gloves because ．
A．they are thicker B．they are made of better materials
C．they don't separate your fingers D．they separate your fingers
69．can help you avoid cold-related injuries．
A．Trying your best to exercise until you get sweat
B．Wearing layers of loose，lightweight clothes
C．Drinking alcohol to make you feel warm
D．Wearing a single heavy layer of clothing
70．Overexertion should be avoided because．
A．it may exhaust youB．it may make you hungry
C．it may make you sweat D．it may lower your body temperature

A Municipal Report(Adapted from a story by O．Henry)(Ⅱ)
Azalea Adair herself opened the door when I knocked．She was about 50 years old．Her white hair was pulled back from her small，tired face．She wore a pale yellow dress．It was old，but very clean．
Azalea Adair led me into her living room．A damaged table，three chairs and an old red sofa were in the center of the floor．
Azalea Adair and I sat down at the table and began to talk．I told her about the magazine's offer an she told me about herself．She was from an old southern family．Her father had been a judge．
Azalea Adair told me she had never traveled or even attended school．Her parents taught her at home with private teachers．We finished our meeting．I promised to return with the agreement the next day, and rose to leave．
At that moment，someone knocked at the back door．Azalea Adair whispered a soft apology and went to answer the caller．She came back a minute later with bright eyes and pink cheeks．She looked ten year younger．“You must have a cup of tea before you go，”she said．She shook a little bell on the table，and small black girl about twelve years old ran into the room．
Azalea Adair opened a tiny old purse and took out a dollar bill．It had been fixed with a piece of blue paper and the upper right hand comer was missing．It was the dollar I had given to Uncle Caesar．“Go to Mr．Baker's store，Impy ,”she said，“and get me 25 cents' worth of tea and ten cents' worth of sugar cakes． And please hurry．”
The child ran out of the room．We heard the back door close．Then the girl screamed．Her cry mixed with a man's angry voice．Azalea Adair stood up．Her face showed no emotion as she left the room．I heard the man's rough voice and her gentle one．Then a door slammed and she came back into the room．“I am sorry，but I won't be able to offer you any tea after all，” she said．“It seems that Mr．Baker has no more tea．Perhaps he will find some for our visit tomorrow．”
We said good-bye．I went back to my hotel．
Just before dinner, Major Wentworth Caswell found me．It was impossible to avoid him．He insisted on buying me a drink and pulled two one-dollar bills from his pocket．Again I saw a torn dollar fixed with blue paper, with a corner missing．It was the one I gave Uncle Caesar．How strange，I thought． I wondered how Caswell got it．
63．We can judge from her behavior that Miss Adair was．
A．polite and elegant B．confident and determined
C．poor and miserable D．capable and hardworking
64．Adair seemed after coming back from the back door．
A．as calm as before B．sadder C．excited D．surprised
65．The angry man with a rough voice outside might be ．
A．Uncle Caesar B．Mr．Baker C．Caswell D．A stranger
66．When the narrator saw Caswell again at his hotel，he was surprised ．
A．that Caswell should find him
B．that Caswell insisted on buying him a drink
C．that Caswell pulled two one-dollar bills from his pocket
D．to find Caswell had the torn dollar bill with a comer missing

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The world is not only hungry, but it is also thirsty for water．This may seem strange to you，since nearly 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water．But about 97 percent of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water．Man can only drink and use the other 3 percent-the fresh water from rivers，lakes，underground，and other sources．And we cannot even use all of that，because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glacier．Even worse，some of it has been polluted．
However，as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us．But our need for water is increasing rapidly-almost day by day．Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on．
We all have to learn how to stop wasting our valuable water．One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it．
Today in most large cities，water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system．From there it returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks．But it is possible to pipe used water to a purifying plant．There it can be treated with chemicals so that it can be used again，just as if it were fresh from a spring．
But even if every large city purified and reused its water，we still would not have enough．All we'd have to do make use of the vast reserves of sea water in the world is to remove the salt．
If we take these steps we'll be in no danger of drying up．
56．The world is thirsty for water because we can only usepercent of the water covering the surface of the earth．
A．3 B．more than 3 C．less than 3 D．97
57．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．As things remain unchanging，this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us．
B．Our need for water is becoming larger and larger．
C．There will be no water shortage in the future．
D．We should take steps to deal with the water shortage problem．
58．To reuse water, we should ．
A．treat it with chemicals B．use it only once
C．send it out into a sewer system D．make it flow into underground tanks
59．In order to have enough water．we should also make use of．
A．icebergs and glaciers B．sea water
C．rivers and lakes D．underground water

.
Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson？Perhaps yes．Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour．
The gene comes in two versions，one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans．The other
is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans，researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the
latest issue of Science．
Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebrafish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment（色素）gene into a young fish．As with humans，zebrafish skin colour is determined by pigment cells，which contain melanosomes （黑色素）．The number，size and
darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour．
It appears that，like the golden zebrafish，light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation（变异）in the gene for melanosome production．This results in less pigmented skin．
However，Keith Cheng，leader of the research team，points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes．
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1．5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-
violet rays of the sun（太阳光紫外线），which can cause skin cancer．
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes，they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D．So the related gene changes，according to Cheng．
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans，so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colour，said Cheng．
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer．It also could lead to
research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson．
72．The passage mainly tells us that_________．
A．people can not change their skin colour without any pain
B．the new discovery could lead to search into ways to change skin colour safely
C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin colour as he liked
D．scientists have found out that people’s skin colour is determined by the gene
73．It can be inferred from the passage that_________．
A．nowadays people who want to change their skin colour have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B．Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C．the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D．there are two kinds of genes
74．Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebra fish in order to_________．
A．find the different genes of humans’
B．prove the humans’ skin colour is determined by the pigment gene
C．find out the reason why the Africans’skin colour is dark
D．find out the ways of changing people’s skin colour
75．The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that_________．
A．they are born light-skinned people
B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanosome production
C．they have fewer activities outside
D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin