For decades，the San Francisco Bay area has been the heart of the computer technology industry．Many of the biggest technology companies have their headquarters in the area called Silicon Valley．But the area has not always been associated with charity(慈善)．
Now，a new generation of entrepreneurs(企业家)appears to be changing Silicon Valley．One example is Marc Benioff，a donor(捐赠者)，who has called on wealthy donors to give more to their communities．He also is the founder of Salesforce．com，a computer services company in San Francisco who has helped build a children’s hospital and given millions of dollars to non-profit organizations in the city．
Money from the technology industry has also started to change the face of charity．Benjamin Soskis writes about the history and ideas behind charity in America．His articles have appeared in The Atlantic magazine and a number of major publications．He says，traditionally，donors have given after they spent much of their lives building up wealth．Usually donors are in their 70s．But an increasing number of people appearing on the list of top donors are younger than 40 years of age．Benjamin Soskis says that is something new．“There’s a whole new model that’s appearing in which people give and accumulate at the same time．”
Some of the young donors on this year's top 50 list have started to change in the way people see charity．That is especially the case in the San Francisco area，where giving money and making money appear to be coming together．“I think it's fair to say that charity is now a part of the Silicon Valley identity．”What is true of Marc Benioff?
| A．He joined a non-profit organization． |
| B．He advised donors to build hospitals． |
| C．He made San Francisco a city of charity． |
| D．He set up the company of Salesforce．com． |
What is special about the donors of Silicon Valley?
| A．They prefer to give rather than make money． |
| B．They give after accumulating a lot of wealth． |
| C．They are much younger than the usual donors． |
| D．They donate more money to their communities． |
Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
| A．The age of charity |
| B．The changing faces of charity |
| C．In search of new faces |
| D．From computer base to charity centre |
Below is some adviee on how to prevent cancer.
Eat Blueberries
Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.
Drink Pomegranate（石榴）Juice
The deep red juice of the pomegranate contains various chemicals, which together create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may inhibit(阻碍) the growth of lung cancer.
Relax
Feeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!
Take Selenium（硒）
Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4-year period, they cut their prostate（前列腺）cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, meats and grains carefully.
Break a Sweat
Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of prostate cancer than men who didn’t work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.To prevent yourself from catching colon cancer, you should eat ____ as often as possible.
| A．selenium | B．blueberries |
| C．pomegranates | D．Vitamin D |
A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if ______.
| A．he is very fond of exercise every day. |
| B．he is addicted to drinking |
| C．he always feels extremely stressed or worried |
| D．he likes to have meals in restaurants |
will remarkably reduce the risk of men’s prostate cancer.
| A．Having a proper supplement of selenium |
| B．Drinking a cup of pomegranate juice every day |
| C．Breathing fresh air now and then |
| D．Taking exercise at least once a week |
If you want to keep cancer away, it is very important to ______.
| A．have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C |
| B．try to ignore the secondhand smoking |
| C．take in as much selenium as possible |
| D．have exercise as often as possible |
Sarah Outland’s weeklong “staycation” gave her a chance to explore her new surroundings after moving to Chicago. A day after moving to the Windy City last year, Outland started a new job and never got a chance to explore her new surroundings. After nine months as a resident, she finally took a week off work to visit famous landmarks, museums and shopping centers that were right under her nose.
If you glance through a newspaper or listen to a news broadcast recently, you may hear or spot a strange word, “staycation”. Staycation is a new word the American press is employing to describe a vacation very close to your home, or simply staying at home during your vacation. It is a combination of words “stay”and “vacation”.
According to many news reports, these staycations are achieving great popularity among American families this year. When asked about the reason for their expected staycation, respondents stated “gas prices are too high” (61 percent), “travel in general is too expensive (44 percent). The high price of gas for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel compared to past years. When you combine this with the weak American dollar, it all adds up to people deciding to stay close to home during their traditional summer vacations.
For aggressive young Americans who are trying to balance family and work, a staycation can be a great concept. They want to enjoy their homes and the attractions in their area without the stress of packing or making reservation. They won’t be paying high fuel prices either directly, at the pump, or indirectly, in airfare, other than the gas required to drive around town. Absolutely, it’s friendlier on the environment when locals take trips to attractions in their own area, and not everyone is game for a vacation that involves staying on a hotel compound. Few people live close enough to a real destination to make this worth their while.How long after moving to Chicago did Sarah Outland take a staycation?
| A．A day | B．A week | C．A month | D．Nine months |
The author develops the second paragraph of the passage by______.
| A．making a comparison | B．giving a definition |
| C．offing an analysis | D．providing an example |
Staycations are popular with American people mainly due to _____.
| A．high traveling expenses | B．stress of packing |
| C．relatively low income | D．lack of real destinations. |
The Dangers of Dieting
Thanks to our modern lifestyle, with more and more time spent sitting down in front of computers than ever before, the number of overweight people is at a new high. As people crazily search for a solution to this problem, they often try some of the popular fad(时尚) diets being offered. Many people see fad diets as harmless ways of losing weight, and they are grateful to have them. Unfortunately, not only don’t fad diets usually do the trick, but they can actually be dangerous for your health.
Although permanent weight loss is the goal, few are able to achieve it. Experts estimate that 95 percent of dieters return to their starting weight, or even add weight. While the irresponsible or unwise use of fad diets can bring some initial results, long-term results are very rare.
Nonetheless, people who are bored with the difficulties of changing their eating habits often turn to fad diets. Rather than being moderate, fad diets involve extreme dietary changes. They advise eating only one type of food, or they prohibit other types of foods entirely. This results in a situation where a person’s body doesn’t get all the vitamins and other things that it needs to stay healthy.
One popular fad diet recommends eating lots of meat and animal products, while nearly eliminating carbohydrates（碳水化合物）. A scientific study from Britain found that this diet is very high in fat. According to the study, the increase of damaging fats in the blood can lead to heart disease and, in extreme cases, kidney failure. Furthermore, diets that are too low in carbohydrates can cause the body to use its own muscle for energy. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up, and the result is slower weight loss.
Veteran(老兵) dieters may well ask at this point, “What is the ideal diet?” Well, to some extent, it depends on the individual. A United States government agency has determined that to change your eating habits requires changing your psychology of eating, and everyone has a different psychology. That being said, the British study quoted above recommends a diet that is high in carbohydrates and high in fiber, with portions of fatty foods kept low. According to the study, such a diet is the best for people who want to stay healthy, lose weight, and keep that weight off. And, any dieting program is best undertaken with a doctor’s supervision.After losing weight by dieting, what usually happens to people?
| A．They have kidney failure. |
| B．They gain the weight back again. |
| C．They keep the weight off. |
| D．They have less muscle. |
Which of the following best expresses the essential information in paragraph 3?
| A．Bored people turn to fad diets, which, being too extreme, don’t give the body everything it needs. |
| B．People are bored with fad diets and turn to diets which provide what the body needs. |
| C．People prefer fad dieting to moderate dieting because it requires fewer foods to give the body what it needs. |
| D．Fad diets give boring people the moderate dietary changes they need to get all the required vitamins. |
Which is not mentioned as an effect of the meat and animal product diet?
| A．Heart disease. | B．Slower weight loss. |
| C．Psychological changes. | D．Kidney failure. |
According to the passage, why does the ideal diet depend on the individual?
| A．The less muscle you have, the less food you use up. |
| B．Everyone can gain the weight back. |
| C．Everyone has a different psychology. |
| D．Everyone likes different foods. |
One day, Jack told his friend Tom that he loved a very beautiful girl with charming eyes and long hair, and that he wanted to marry her. Tom was so happy to hear the news and asked Jack to lead him to her. However, Tom loved her at first sight, He then told Jack, “This girl is not suitable for you. She deserves a handsome man like me.” Jack was astonished and struggled with Tom until they went to the police to solve the problem.
They told the policeman their story. The policeman asked them to bring the girl to his office. However, when the policeman saw her, he became taken with her and said, “This girl is not suitable for you two. She deserves someone with a status like me.” The three men struggled with each other and then went to the king.
The king asked them to bring him the girl. When the king saw the girl, he said, “Oh, the girl should marry a king like me.” They all argued with each other.
Then the girl said, “I have a solution. I’m going to run and you’ll run after me. I’ll be the wife to the one who catches me first.” The four men all agreed and ran after her. While running after her, they suddenly fell into a deep hole. From the top, the girl looked at them and said, “Now, let me tell you who I am.”
“I’m Reputation--I’m the one all people run after. They compete against each other to get me. They leave principles aside to seek for me, and they are sure to fall like you!”What makes the four men love the girl?
| A．The girl’s beauty. |
| B．The girl’s reputation. |
| C．The girl’s smart mind. |
| D．The girl’s way to speak. |
The underlined part “ taken with” in Para. 2 means.
| A．close to | B．attracted to |
| C．confused about | D．delightful with |
According to the passage, we can infer that.
| A．men can never touch beautiful girls |
| B．running after girls makes us fall down |
| C．seeking only for reputation may bring disasters |
| D．love at risk is all the time taking place everywhere |
What could be the best title of the passage?
| A．All Men Are Similarly Stupid |
| B．A Smart Girl Has All Solutions |
| C．Be Careful about Beautiful Girls |
| D．Always Follow the Principles in Life |
MetroPocketGuide
Metrorail (地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.
Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change. Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m, until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.
Hours of service
Open: 5a.m Mon.-Fri. 7a.m Sat.-Sun.
Close: midnight Sun.-Thurs. 3 a.m Fri.-Sat. nights
Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.
Metrobus
When paying with exact charge, the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is 1.25.
Fares for senior/ disabled customers
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare.
On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or Smar/Trip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecard, SmarTrip card and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.
Travel tips (提示)
Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m. If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195.What should you know about farecard machines?
| A．They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m. |
| B．They are connected to change machines. |
| C．They offer special service to the elderly. |
| D．They make change for no more than $5. |
At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?
| A．At midnight. | B．At 3 a.m. |
| C．At 5 a.m. | D．At 7 p.m. |
What is good about a SmarTrip card ?
| A．It is convenient for old people. |
| B．It saves money for its users. |
| C．It can be bought at any time. |
| D．It is sold on the Internet. |
Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?
| A．202-962-1195. | B．202-962-1100. |
| C．202-637-7000. | D．202-637-8000. |