Most people who move to a foreign country or culture may experience a period of time when they feel very homesick and have a lot of stress .This feeling is often called‘culture shock’ . There are four general stages of cultural adjustment.
The first stage is usually referred to as the excitement stage. Upon arriving in a new environment, you’ll be interested in the new culture, everything will seem exciting, everyone will seem friendly and helpful and you’ll be overwhelmed(不知所措) with impressions. and you have little meaningful experience of the culture.
The second stage is sometimes called the withdrawal stage. The excitement you felt before changes to frustration (沮丧)as you find it difficult to deal with the problems that arise. simple things like shopping and going to the bank are challenges. It is at this stage that you are likely to feel anxious homesick. .
Culture shock doesn’t exist long. You gradually get into the‘recovery’ stage. At this point, you’ll have a routine, and you’ll feel less lonely as you start to understand and accept the way things are done and the way people behave in your new environment. Customs and traditions are clearer and easier to understand.
The last stage is the ‘home’ stage – this is the point when people start to feel at home in the new culture.
There is a fifth stage to this process. If you decide to return home after a long period in a new culture, you may experience what is called ‘reverse culture shock’. you may notice things about your home culture that you had never noticed before, and some of the ways people do things may seem strange.
| A．It is a great challenge to learn the totally new culture. |
| B．This is the stage which is referred to as “culture shock” |
| C．During this stage you are taking in these impressions passively |
| D．Some people experience “culture shock” more sharply than others. |
E. This means that you may find aspects of your own culture “foreign”
F. At this stage ,you’ll deal with new challenges with humor rather than anxiety.
G. It’s important to learn how to deal with it if you’re to adapt to the new culture.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
To extinguish （熄灭） different kinds of fires, several types of fire extinguishers have
been invented. 1____. Most portable kinds operate for less than a minute,
so they are useful only on small fires. The law requires ships, trains, buses and planes to carry
extinguishers.
Since fuel, oxygen and heat must be present in order for fire to exist, one or more of these things must be removed or reduced to extinguish a fire. 2_____. The cooling method is the most common way to put out a fire. Water is the best cooling material because it is low in cost and easy to get.
____3____. This is usually done by covering the fire with sand, steam or some other things. A blanket may be used do cover a small fire.
A third method is called separation. _____4______.
The method that is used to put out a fire depends upon the type of fire. Fires have been grouped in three classes. ____5____. These materials usually help keep the fire on. Such fires can be stopped most readily by cooling with water.
| A．Fire extinguishers should be available everywhere in our life. |
| B．They must be ready for immediate use when fire breaks out. |
| C．Where a fire breaks out, there will surely be unavoidable damage. |
| D．Fires in wood, paper, cloth and the like are called Class A fires. |
E. Another method of extinguishing fire is by cutting off the oxygen.
F. If the heat is reduced by cooling the material below a certain temperature, the fire goes out.
G. It includes removing the fuel, or material easy to burn, from a fire, so that it can find no fuel.
Faced with declining enrollments and declining revenues, many public schools in the US are _____________________ get students from abroad, particularly from China.
Going to study in the US high school will _____________________ some Chinese students because it can increase their chances of entering an American university.
During a typical Romanian wedding ceremony, the newly-weds _____________________ usually _____________________ love and care from their relatives and neighbors.
Fifty years ago on April 12, the Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin _____________________ worldwide as he became the first man in space, propelled into orbit on a Russian made rocket.
The US is a country which _____________________ people of different colors, races and religions, but sometimes the diversity can lead to problems.
Some people have to take special precautions when they go out in spring _____________________ suffering from seasonal allergy such as sneezing, watery eyes and runny noses.
Baseball _____________________ in the US because it’s not simply a game, but has become woven into the fabric of American culture.
The 32-year-old Taiwanese star Show Luo is at the peak of his singing career now, but his career hit a low _____________________ when he lost all his hosting jobs and got cold looks from people.
The latest Apple iPad 2 was _____________________ by the Apple Company at the end of March in 25 countries and it caused massive line-ups at stores across the U.S.
Several Libyan diplomats resigned their posts and _____________________ Gaddafi, describing him as a “dictator” and calling on him to step aside to avoid further bloodshed.
| A. Connect with Your Audience B. Get Your Facts Straight C. Choose a Good Topic D. Be Prepared for Mishaps E. Ask Proper Questions AB. Learn some Useful Tips on Presentation |
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| A. focus B. examining C. expressive D. communication E. significantly AB. neglect AC. distinguishing AD. reliably AE. recognition BC. considerate |
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in 42facial expressions – and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀地) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners 43their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and 44the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human 45of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to 46convey emotion in a cross-cultural situation.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the 47of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western people and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of 48faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral (中立的). They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made 49more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, 50how cultural factors have differed in these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
| A. Connect with Your Audience B. Get Your Facts Straight C. Choose a Good Topic D. Be Prepared for Mishaps E. Ask Proper Questions AB. Learn some Useful Tips on Presentation |
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