As we get older, most of us worry about grey hair, wrinkles and maintaining a youthful body． Here, Mr. Rubin, a voice expert, reveals how to keep your voice youthful．
Drink more fluid and avoid spicy food
You need water for the vocal cords（声带）to vibrate well．The body must keep absorbing enough water to make the vocal cords operate well．Drinking 1．5 liters of water a day at intervals of 15 minutes is very important．
Rest the throat and talk regularly
The vocal cords can be scarred if you use your voice during a bad cough．If you have a case of laryngitis（喉炎）with a cold, you should rest your voice for a day or two, and seek medical advice．
Simply staying sociable and using your voice is very important．“As older people have less mobile, they can become socially isolated and speak less,” says Mr. Rubin．“The elderly need to communicate with people more． ”
Good posture is essential to keeping the voice young, so we’d better stand properly．Exercise helps you take deeper breaths as it means there is better airflow through the voice box, producing a stronger tone．
Sing in the shower
This is one of the best ways to preserve your voice, as it keeps the larynx muscles strong while the steam lubricates the voice box．“ ” says Mr. Rubin．Joining a choir is one of the best ways to preserve a youthful tone．
| A．Improve your posture |
| B．By using the vocal cords, they enable the ageing process to slow down． |
| C．But people often don’t realize the voice needs looking after． |
| D．The Voice of Young Science programme encourages early career researchers to play an active role in public debates about science． |
E．Singing is to the voice what gymnastics are to human beings．
F．Using the vocal cords regularly will definitely age our voice more quickly．
G．Mr. Rubin advises avoiding foods with an annoying effect on the stomach, such as onions, chili, fizzy drinks and chocolate．
根据短文内容，从下框的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
| A．The secret of the writer’s success |
| B．A writer with enduring popularity |
| C．Well-received creation to encourage Brits |
| D．The insight into human nature |
E. Writing styles in different stages
F. The story appreciate for school students
1. ____________
Charles Dickens is often thought of as one of England’s great writers. Yet for many his language is old-fashioned and his story plots often improbable. Why, Dickens, out of so many other great English writers, has made the list? How then to explain Dickens’s enduring popularity?
2. _____________
One reason undoubtly is the British government’s insistence that every child studies a Dickens novel at school. Alongside Willian Shakespeare, Charles Dickens is a compulsory (必读的)writer on every English literature school reading list. His stories, though often over-long by today’s standard, are superbly written moral tales. They are filled with colorful characters.
3. ______________
But what makes his books stand out from other English writers is his insight into human nature. Dickens, like Shakespeare, tells us truths about human behavior that are as true to citizens of the 21st century as they were to his readers in the 19th century. Readers have returned to Dickens’s books again and again over the years to see what he has to say about readers’ own time.
4. _______________
The BBC adapted one of his less well-known novels, Little Dorrit, into a popular television drama that introduced many Brits to the novel for the first time. A dark story about greed and money, it was the perfect story to illustrate the bad times. No surprise then that it was Dickens Britons turned to, during the economic crisis last year, to make sense of world rapidly falling apart.
5. _______________
Readers of the 19th and early 20th century usually prized Dickens’s earlier novels for their humor and pathos(悲痛). While recognizing the virtues of these books, critics today tend to rank more highly the later works because of their formal coherence and acute perception(洞察力) of the human condition. For as long as Dickens’s novels have something to say to modern audiences, it seems likely that he will remain one of Britain’s best loved writers.
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写在横线上（请注意问题后的词数要求）
[1] For the people living in the Nile Basin，the river is their life. This 6,825 km river，whose watershed (流域) covers three million square kilometers，flows through mountains，woodlands，lakes and deserts. Its potential for fishing，tourism and shipping is great — but so are its challenges.
[2] Water shortage，already serious in Egypt and Sudan，will soon influence several other countries in the watershed, too. Today，about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living. Within the next 25 years，the district's population is expected to double，adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture. The frequent drought adds to the urgency.
[3] Water quality is also a problem. Precious soil is washed out to sea. Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution. Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils. Waterborne diseases continue unchecked. In areas where it's hot and damp，water hyacinths choke off lakes，dams and other sections of the river，making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward.
[4] Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day. They've seen the river change course，and their only source of water thickened with mud. They're very poor and have few choices.
[5] But a new program，the Nile Basin Initiative，is offering very practical assistance. The program is ________ a watermanagement project. It's a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district as well：it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them.
[6] These are whole ecosystem problems，calling for united solutions．Half the Nile Basin's countries are among the world's poorest nations；yet，somehow，they must find the resources，skills and political will to overcome these challenges.What is the main idea of the second and third paragraphs? (No more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (No more than 4 words)
___________________________________________________________________How large will the population of River Nile district be within the next 25 years?
(No more than 5 words)
___________________________________________________________________What do Nile Basin’s countries need to overcome the challenges? (No more than 6 words)
___________________________________________________________________What does the underlined word “Its” (Line 3, Paragraph 1 ) refer to?
(No more than 3 words)
___________________________________________________________________
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years, you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult. 1 . Don’t panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility, you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about making choices. In this way you can make healthy balanced decisions. 2You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situations are fine! Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. 3But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself.
It is also perfectly natural at this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family 4A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.
This period is a part of the life cycle. These are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey. There will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not even see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you. 5So making the right choices will be important to you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
| A．Choose your friends wisely. |
| B．They will help shape the future. |
| C．They may seem to happen quickly. |
| D．You will probably want to be independent. |
E. You may appreciate what you have in your own life.
F. The choices that you make from now on will be your choices.
G. Your family has been with you since you came into this world.
首先请阅读以下一些青少年杂志的简要介绍：
A.Teens Now is a successful music magazine for teenagers that lists who is playing, where and when and how to get tickets. Interviews with well-known singers and groups as well as biographies are included. It also gives its young readers the chance to send their own articles.
B.NS Teens magazine is well-known for its wildlife and environmental content but it also has articles on the history and culture of people from all over the world. Some of the articles are long and detailed but the magazine is also famous for its fantastic photo-journalism. There are letters from readers as well as maps and facts sheets.
C.Top Teens is easy to read and full of color photographs. There are a range of different sections including those offering fashion and beauty advice. But the majority of its pages are devoted to interviews with the popular, well-known fashion models and stars of cinema, music and sports.
D.Young WB is the only environmental magazine written by teenagers for teenagers. Readers are invited to send their articles and photographs to the magazine’s office and materials are chosen for the next issue. As well as articles about the natural world, the magazine also has many special offers and competitions.
E.Teenplus is very different from the average teen magazine that simply offers articles on pop stars and fashion. This exciting new magazine informs readers about what is happening in the world through its in-depth articles on current affairs, politics and science. It also provides a variety of reviews on recent books, films and music CDs.
F.Teen Voice is a magazine which no journalists write for and depends completely on articles sent in by its teenage readers. It gives young people the opportunity to publish their creative works such as poems or short works of fiction or to voice their opinion on important issues. They can also write comments on the latest music CDs.
以下介绍了一些青少年的兴趣爱好。请将他们与上述杂志匹配起来。Oliver would like to read stories that people of his own age have written. He is also keen on music.
Bessie wants to know more about famous people who frequently appear in the newspapers. She is also interested in clothing and would like some recommendations on what style to wear.
Johnson is interested in learning more about the latest international events and affairs. Besides, he is also keen on the cinema and would like to read different opinions on what movies to see.
Jennifer is fond of geography and the natural world. She would also like to read articles that tell her about the lives of people from other countries.
Chris enjoys going to concerts very much and hopes to find out more about people in his favourite bands. He is also fond of reading things written by other teenagers.
阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卡对应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。选E同时涂黑A和B，选F同时涂黑C和D。
A.Intensive course at King’s Bournemouth, London and Oxford
Full-time, intensive course for adults with 28 lessons per week (21 hours) combining general English with communication skills or special interest options such as conversation, business English, English for academic purpose and exam preparation (IELTS/ Cambridge).
B.“Afternoon 20” economy course at King’s Bournemouth
Excellent low-cost course! Semi-intensive course for adults with 20 lessons per week (15 hours) covering all areas of general English including reading, writing, speaking, listening and pronunciation. Lessons take place in the afternoons.
C.IELTs course at King’s Oxford
King’s Oxford is one of the largest IELTS test centers in the UK, this highly intensive 2-week course offers excellent special preparation for the IELTS examination. This course may be booked individually or in combination with another course.
D.One-to-one lessons at King’s
A tailor-made course is to suit the individual requirements of the students. One-to- one tuition provide a very intensive form of study. The student determines not only the content (e.g. tourism, banking, insurance) but also the quantity and pace (intensity) of their English lessons. So whether you are a “fast learner” who needs to develop you language skill as quickly as possible or you want to study at a slower pace, this course is perfect for you as we design it to your wishes.
E. Intensive business course at King’s Bournemouth and London
Highly intensive, full-time course for motivated students with 34 lessons per week (25.5 hours) combining general English with business English. This course is ideal for executive (管理人员) and professionals needing to revise and improve their business English and communication skills.
F. Summer intensive course at King’s Bournemouth and London
International summer course for adults combining an intensive English language course with a programme of optional sports and activities. The lessons take place on 5 mornings plus one afternoon per week, covering all areas of general English and also offering students at higher levels a selection of special intensive interest modules including business English, IELTS and speaking and listening.
以下是几名学生的信息，请匹配他们与适合他们的课程。Sara, whose husband works in a bank in London, came to London last week and will stay in London for a long time. What makes Sara embarrassed is that she doesn’t know English, so she wants to find a special course whose contents can be decided by her.
Cathy is from Korea and now she works in a bar in London. Because her English is not very good, she wants to find a course to improve her communication skills she’s only free in the afternoon.
Steve has finished the language school course in London and now he needs to take the IELTS test that is compulsory (必修的) for entering a university. He wants to take an IELTS training course.
Richard is a manager in a cooperative company in France. Next month he’ll be sent to work in the branch company in London. For his English still needs to be improved, he asked his secretary to find a course for him in London.
John is a university student in China and he plans to take post-graduate course in Britain after graduation. This summer vacation, he’d like to pay a visit to the UK to get a taste of the English learning there, meanwhile he wants to have some activities and sports.