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| A. There are few statues in the Middle East. B. Art is a good means for people to know about religions. C. Artists express their feelings and opinions in their works. D. People know more about our culture through learning art history. E. Art is more objective than history itself. |
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political” artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros – as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martins – depicted these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls.
By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy. That’s why no figures can be found in or around places of interest in these regions.
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The family has the responsibility for keeping young children safe, providing love and helping all their children to learn to get along with people. The most important beginning is the development of trust. The infant (婴儿的) needs to know that there is someone who cares and provides for his or her needs. Each person also has the responsibility to show love and affection to other people in the family. The way you show love can be different for different people. What one child feels is loving might be felt as disturbing by a different child. Each person’s needs should be respected. It is your responsibility to be an understanding person.
There are different ways to show young children affection and love. It is easy to tell when it is direct, a hug or kiss, or the words“I love you.” Young children respond better to demonstrating love. Use words to describe love with action. In this way the feelings are clear and not misunderstood.
Showing love also means guiding the actions of young children. As young children grow more independent, the people responsible need to understand these growing skills. But as important as it is to allow children the freedom to explore and be themselves, it is important to set limits for children. Respect is the most important part of family relationships and harmony. Maintain control of yourself and your feelings.
| A．A hug is a physical need. |
| B．Respect the child’s self-esteem. |
| C．Remember how important your child is to you. |
| D．Many families don’t stop to think about their values. |
E. Another way a person might show love is through actions.
F. Each person in the family has a need for love and affection.
G. Clearly express to your child what is acceptable behavior in all sorts of daily situations.
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What is the secret of writing a good letter? Here are two main ones. Don’t try to be fancy. Don’t try to impress your reader. You will be successfully if you follow these six Cs.
Clear. Make them easy to understand. Talk as if the reader is right there with you.
Correct. Don’t guess, even for spelling. Refer to your dictionary. If you need to, check a reference book, too.
Complete(完整的).Don’t scatter(分散) your points. This is good organization, too.
Concise(简洁的).Make each point as clearly and briefly as you can.
Conversational. This is really the secret of good writing. Such a letter has a natural, friendly tone(语调) and lets you come through naturally.
Considerate(体贴的).Think of the readers’ point of view as you write. Write about what you believe the reader needs or wants to know. Try to be helpful.
| A．Just “ talk” to the person |
| B．This will build good feeling toward you. |
| C．Use short, direct sentences. |
| D．Include long sentences in your letter. |
E. Make sure what you say is correct.
F. Writing should not be taken too seriously.
G. Finish one point completely before going on to the next.
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Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been suffer from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.
Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
| A．Learn to really trust yourself. |
| B．It is putting confidence in someone. |
| C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim. |
| D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. |
E. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
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As a child grows up，you may wonder how you can teach him to become a respectful adult. A child who learns to respect not only learns to receive respect from others in kind，but also learn to respect himself.
●Show him respect.
This is the best way to teach your child how to respect others．Listen to your child attentively and he will learn to listen to you，understanding how important this is in communication．
●
The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child，the more likely he will learn to use them．Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation．
●Agree to disagree． Explain your decision so that he will understand you and expect respectful responses．Disagreeing with you doesn't necessarily mean disobedience(不顺从)．
●Control your impulse to overreact．
When a situation arises（出现），stay calm and keep in mind that you are supposed to be modeling correct behavior.
●Praise，praise，praise
So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to correct it that his accomplishments（成绩）are not celebrated enough.
| A．Teach manners by using polite requests and responses. |
| B．Try to remember that a child won't always agree with you. |
| C．Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life. |
| D．If he sees you lose your temper，he is more likely to respond that way in future. |
E．A child may act as he pleases，and he will live a happy life．
F．Seeing a child exhibit respectful behavior，make sure he knows how proud you are of him.
G．Respectful behavior is always accompanied by bad behavior as a child．
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Sometimes willpoweris a lot like the television remote control hard to findjust when you want it most． But there are waysto increase your willpower．
Don’t try to change your economic situation，win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning．Setone clear，specific goaland make a realistic plan toachieve it. Extrawillpower sometimes requires extra energy，so don’t spread yourself too thin．
Whatever your goal is，don’texpect to achieveit overnight． ，If you are trying to kick a coffee habit，start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water,instead of promising never to drink coffee again．Congratulateyourself on the small achievements．These successes help your willpower grow．
Ask friends，family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help．If your credit card bills have risen，for instance，let friends now that you are cutting back on expenses．Suggest havinga common dinner instead of meetingat an expensive restaurant．Find support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meeting．Youcan get valuableadvice,understanding and information．
If possible，change your environment to encourage positive behavior．Want to get in shape?Keep a set of workout clothesinyour office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking?
| A．Real success takes time． |
| B．Focus on one goat at atime． |
| C．Change your environment to change your life． |
| D．Improve your willpower by a support network． |
E．Changing your behavior requires more than willpower．
F．Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up．
G．Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult．