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Even while in a deep sleep, people can still learn brand new information. Sleepers soak in new associations between smells and sounds, knowledge that lingers(逗留）into the next waking day, researchers report online August 26 in Nature Neuroscience.
The new study is the first to show that entirely new information can get into the sleeping mind, says Anat Arzi of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. "The brain is not passive while you sleep. It's quite active. You can do quite a lot of things while you are asleep."
But the results don't mean that Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstand. L, Researchers have tried but largely failed to find evidence that complicated information, such as new pairs of words, can make its way into the brain during sleep.
Instead of trying to teach people something complicated like a new language, Arzi and her colleagues relied on the sense of smell and hearing. As anyone who has walked by a dumpster（垃圾车）in July knows, smells can cause a nose-jerk reaction. Catching a bad smell automatically makes people inhale(吸气)less, reducing the size of the inhale. But scent of fresh bread causes a long, deep inhale.、rzi and her team took advantage of this reaction for their experiment.
As people slept in the laboratory, the researchers delivered pleasant scent, such as shampoo. As this nice smell got into the sleepers' noses, the researchers played a particular music. Later, a disgusting smell, such as rotten fish or meat, was paired with a different music. Neither the smell nor the sound woke people up. After just four exposures to the smell-music pair during a single night, the sleepers started to automatically respond to the tones without the accompanying smells, taking in bigger breaths when the shampoo-associated tone played and smaller breaths when played the sound linked to the rotten fish smell.
This new learned association lingered into the next waking day, too. Even though the sleepers had no idea they had been exposed to smells or sounds, their behavior proved that their brain had actually learned something during sleep. As before, the shampoo sound stimulated a long, deep inhale, while the rotten fish tone caused more shallow breaths.
We can infer from the passage that

A．while sleeping, we can learn whatever we want to learn

B．we will increase the size of inhale if we catch a pleasant smell

C．the knowledge we learned while sleeping will be forgotten in the next waken day

D．when walking by a bakery, the fresh bread will cause a nose-jerk reaction

What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．One can’t acquire complicated knowledge during the sleeping hours.

B．Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstand

C．Researchers have tried to find evidence that the new words can be learned during sleep.

D．Complicated information can make its way into the brain during sleep

How do Arzi and her team do their research? By

A．giving instructions	B．analyzing human brains
C．following the guides of others	D．doing experiments

In which part of a website may this passage most likely appear?

A．Culture.

B．Science.

C．History.

D．Economy.

Rockwatch一The Best Club on Earth
If you are a young person and interested in geology(地质学），then Rockwatch is the club for you. When you join new memberships receive a Rockwatch Rox file each. This has the information and top tips you will need to start enjoying geology. It’s designed to serve as your own field notebook as well. In it you will find your membership card, full colour nuni-map, thumbs up guide and fact cards.
Rockwatch Magazine: Our lively magazine is mailed to members three times a year. They can read reports and news from around the world, and articles on everything from diamonds to dinosaurs, earthquakes to erosion.
Rockwatch Events: With each magazine you will receive a Rockwatch events calendar. Rocky activities suitable for families are listed and include road shows and guided walks
The Rockwatch Rock Artist:are you an artist, or a photographer? This is your chance to become Rockwatch Rock Artist of the year and win amazing prizes in our annual competition.
Special Offer: Rockwatch members can have specially discounted Wildlife Watch membership. Watch is the big gest environmental action club for young people, with 100 groups across the country. You can join both clubs together by filling in the boxes in the membership form.
Rockwatch is a magazine telling about things related to

A．geology

B．agriculture

C．politics

D．economics

What activities are specially arranged for Rockwatch member interested in photography?

A．Guided walks.	B．Rocky activities.
C．Yearly competitions.	D．Academic workshops.

When applying for Wildlife Watch membership, a Rockwatch member can enjoy

A．free memhership

B．a special discount

C．a Rock Artist prize

D．guided road shows

You may join both Rockwatch and Wildlife Watch clubs by

A．calling the two clubs	B．applying separately
C．providing references	D．filling in one form

Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, and now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry and potentially harming sea life.
Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the Pacific Ocean for almost two decades. "We've been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and we try and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key things that we measure is COx levels. And We've been able to record this increasing quantity of atmospheric CO, into the ocean. "Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO2 increased, more and一 more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance of the sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular.
"As carbon dioxide dissolves in the water, or seawater in this case, it forms a weak acid, carbonic acid," Dore explains. "And therefore, as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere goes up and that exchanges with the surface seawater, it drives the pH down, and makes it more acidic."
The seawater samples Dow and his colleagues have analyzed confirm what the theory predicts. The effect was particular striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. Dore and his colleagues came up with two possible explanations. It could be that surface water picked up CO2 and then moved to those depths. Or there could be a biological explanation.
"It's important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic. And it can have negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral. It’s potentially catastrophic."
What can be the best title of the passage?

A．Sea Life Facing Danger	B．Scientist Researching Seawater
C．Oceans Becoming More Acidic	D．Climate Change Affecting Seawater

With the increase of atmospheric C02，＿．

A．more corals will appear in the sea

B．the surface water is becoming warmer

C．the chemical balance of the seawater is affected

D．the pH of the ocean out here has been increasing

Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric C0₂ on sea life?
a. Sea life is endangered. b. C02 goes into the surface water.
c. The ocean chemistry is affected. d. C02 levels in the atmosphere go up
e. C02 decreases the pH and makes the seawater more acidic.

A．abcde

B．dbcea

C．aebed

D．edcba

Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based on＿．

A．his research and analysis	B．the expectation of other scientists
C．some former theory	D．a major cause of climate change

Many of us dream of having thousands and thousands of dollar to spend on what we desire We can buy lottery tickets, enter contests or spend hours building a business or invest in the stock market. We are sure that when we have plenty of money, we will be happy.
While having some money does have an impact on our level of happiness, having a lot of money does not. It is reported that Americans whose income goes from $20,000 a year to $50,000 a year are more likely to be happy. But beyond $50,000, happiness does not increase as salaries go up. It is because we are never satisfied. Catherine Sanderson, a psychology professor at Amherst College says, "We always think if we just had a little more money, we’d be happier. But when we get there, we are not."
Daniel Gilbert, a psychology professor at Harvard notes,"The more you make, the more you want. The more you have, the less it brings you joy. We incorrectly assume we’Il get more pleasure from more, and we don’t."
The things money can buy don't make you happy either. A lot of research suggests that you won't find the "good life" buying expensive "toys". You finally buy that BMW you've always wanted and it soon loses its appeal. Then, instead of wondering if a new car is what really makes you happy, you decide you just need a different new car. It is an endless cycle.
To really be happy, you need to understand what makes you happy in the first place. One secret of happiness is people. Surveys have found that people need people. Those who have five or more close friends are 50% more likely to describe themselves as "very happy". Good relationships have a far greater effect on happiness than larger salary. Andrew Oswald, an economist at England's University of Warwick says, "B you are looking for happiness in life, find the right husband or wife rather than trying to double your salary."
So invest your time and energy in people. The reward is much bigger in terms of happiness!
In Paragraph 1 the author intends to tell us the "belief" that

A．we are unhappy because we often lack money

B．people can buy what they want if they have enough money

C．more money will make one's dreams come true

D．happiness will result from more money

Which of the following statements would the author agree to?

A．Having some money brings happiness to some degree.

B．The more money one earns, the sadder one becomes

C．Buying expensive things will surely bring pleasure

D．We get nothing from buying expensive things we want.

Why does happiness not increase with pay rises?

A．Most of us have a psychological problem.

B．People are not content with what they get.

C．It is human nature to be unhappy.

D．Happiness has nothing to do with money.

In order to find happiness we should

A．always make new friends	B．take no notice of our salaries
C．focus on good relationships	D．invest our money in our friend

Beer and fried chicken — Thanks to a South Korean drama currently on air, Man From the Stars, this new mix-and-match junk food trend has become popular among young audiences, despite its unhealthy nature. Indeed, South Korean TV dramas, or K-drama for short, have been a major force in the South Korean pop-culture wave that has captured the hearts of young Chinese audiences. According to iQiyi, a video website that features Man From the Stars, by Feb 15, the number of views for the TV drama hit 370 million in China.
“It is interesting to explore what elements of those dramas appeal to audiences. It’s obviously more than just pretty faces,” says Yan Feng, a professor of Chinese literature at Fudan University. Reflected by audiences, culture critics and insiders of the industry, youth fantasy, creative storylines, cultural proximity, and well-organized production all add up to K-drama’s success, along with, of course, those handsome and cute faces dressed in the latest fashion trends.
“Everyone fancies a perfect partner, handsome or beautiful,” says Zhou Ying, a professor at Chongqing Technology and Business University. “The South Korean TV industry is feeding this need.” After Lee Min-ho appeared on CCTV’s annual Spring Festival gala, he became the most famous South Korean in China. Only weeks later, Kim Soo-hyun, lead actor in Man From the Stars, swept the country. Apart from pretty faces, fashion is another highlight of the series. Each time actors from the series wear a new set of outfits, similar clothes experience a sales boom online, according to Xiao Yi, a Taobao store owner.
As is known, with love triangles, incurable diseases, and Cinderella tales, storylines in South Korean dramas may seem a bit commonplace. While The Man From the Stars challenges this by putting aliens and time travel into these existing stories, Peng Sanyuan, a screenwriter, says a focus on detail is a key factor in the success of these dramas. “In order to accurately target audiences and find emotional reflections with them, more and more female writers are working in the industry,” says Peng about her experience of exchanging ideas with South Korean colleagues. According the experts, South Korean writers somehow make sense of these plots, no matter how unlikely it seems.
Why has beer and fried chicken become so popular among Chinese young people at present?

A．Because the food tastes very great.

B．Because they want to change the trend.

C．Because the food is good for their health.

D．Because they are deeply affected by the Korean TV drama.

What’s the meaning of the underlined word “proximity” in paragraph 2?

A．similarity

B．difference

C．conflict

D．curiosity

According to the whole passage, how many elements can lead to the appeal of Korean dramas?

A．Two

B．Four

C．Six

D．Seven

After reading the third paragraph, which of the following is right?

A．Lee Min-ho is the lead actor in Man From the Stars.

B．Kim Soo-hyun appeared on CCTV’s annual Spring Festival gala

C．The similar clothes worn by the Korean actors become very hot online.

D．Everyone has a perfect partner, who is handsome or beautiful.

What makes Man From the Stars different from other K-dramas according to the last paragraph?

A．Female writers

B．Creative stories

C．Pretty faces

D．Fashionable clothes

A．downtown Wales	B．the fringe of London
C．outer London	D．downtown London