阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出-优题课

I chose to study in Madrid because I had a desire to learn Spanish. My first impressions of Madrid were incredible. It was before the New Year that I arrived in Madrid for the first time. While traveling to my Spanish friend’s house in a taxi, I appreciated the buildings along the road which were different from those of my own country.
There are an incredible number of restaurants and bars from all over the world. If you are really into sightseeing, I hope you have rechargeable batteries for your digital camera, because one week really isn’t enough time to see everything here including a number of art, science, and historical museums as well as parks, buildings, and amazing landscapes.
What I liked best about life in Madrid was the fact that if you were frustrated with schoolwork and wanted to have some fun, you can easily go out. The nightlife never seems to stop and the people are all very friendly. You can meet people and practice Spanish while having fun at the same time.
What I liked least was the fact that many people smoked in the streets. Also, coming from the US, I was used to having a big breakfast every morning, but while living with an actual Spanish family, I wasn’t really satisfied with the food in the morning.
I think I have definitely become more independent since I came back from Spain. Living in a big city like Madrid I found that it is necessary to plan ahead and to make a schedule for future. There is so much to see, not just in the Spanish World, but in the European World as well.
56. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To attract people to tour around Madrid.
B. To show how to enjoy Spanish culture.
To give advice on how to study Spanish.
D. To describe the author’s life in Madrid.
57. Why did the author suggest taking rechargeable batteries?
A. It’s difficult to deal with the used batteries.
B. It’s not convenient to recharge batteries.
There are few stores that sell ordinary batteries.
D. You will find lots of places worth taking pictures of.
58. Which of the following in Madrid didn’t please the author?
A. Parks and buildings. B. Restaurants and bars.
Nightlife.D. Breakfast.

In today’s world, we rely on computers as never before. They are used for everything from ordering a pizza to running hospitals and military defense systems. Banking and credit card information is stored and accessed by computers. So what happens when a computer gets infected with a virus? One effect is that people's access to their e-mail accounts is cut off. A more serious possible consequence is that billions of dollars could be lost.
A virus is a computer program that copies itself onto other programs and infects them. Similar to an easily spread disease, a computer virus goes from computer to computer, either adding to or changing the tasks a program is designed to do.
The first computer viruses were created in the mid '80s and had varying effects. Some caused files to be deleted, or made the letters on the screen appear to fall off. Others displayed a specific message once the computer was turned on.
Viruses today are much more widespread and dangerous than ever before. Perhaps the most damaging to date has been the “I Love You” virus. “I Love You” appeared in May 2000 and has possibly been the most destructive virus in terms of monetary loss.
The virus is released when an attachment to a fake e-mail message is opened. By changing the names of files on computers, "I Love You" makes them difficult to access. It also searches for important personal information, including passwords, which it sends to a web site for others to see.
It is estimated that more than 45 million people in 20 countries have had their computers infected by the “I Love You” virus. Some say the cost of repair and lost business has been more than US$ 10 billion.
If you own a computer, it is important to keep it in good health by installing an
anti-virus program. If updated frequently, it will protect your e-mail access — not to mention your wallet.
1.What does “virus” mean in the article?
A. An easily spread disease.
B. A contagious (传染的) computer program.
C. An extremely small organism (生物) which causes disease.
D. A parasite (寄生虫) in computer.
2. How does “I Love You” virus spread?
A. It is spread when an e-mail account is opened.
B. It is spread through on-line chatting.
C. It is spread through e-mail.
D. It spreads from web site to web site.
3. Which of the following is one of the damages brought by “I Love You” virus?
A. It deletes files.
B. It automatically turns on computers.
C. It automatically turns off computers.
D. It makes it difficult to access files.
4. Which of the following is the best way to guard against virus?
A. To load an up-to-date anti-virus program into our computer
B. Not to use an e-mail account,
C. To upgrade our computer.
D. Not to use the Internet.
5. What is the purpose of the article?
A. To warn us against virus.
B. To remind us the importance of being healthy.
C. To stress the importance of computer.
D. To alert us to economic loss.

Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有压力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support money aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.
36. Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________________
A. make people live more easily B. smooth away daily problems
C. deal with life changes D. cure types of illnesses
37. The researches show that people's physical and mental health _______________
A. lies in the social medical care systems which support them
B. has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D. is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes
38. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "cushions"?
A. takes place of B. makes up of
C. lessens the effect of D. gets rid of
39. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of ________.
A. instrumental support B. informational support
C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect
40. What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Kinds of social support.
C. Ways to deal with stress. D. Effects of stressful condition.

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners .Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
1. Before children start speaking________________.
A. they need equal amount of listening
B. they need different amounts of listening
C. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions
D. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions
2. Children who start speaking late ________________.
A. may have problems with their listening
B. probably do not hear enough language spoken around them
C. usually pay close attention to what they hear
D. often take a long time in learning to listen properly
3. A baby’s first noises are ________________.
A. an expression of his moods and feelings　　
B. an early form of language
C. a sign that he means to tell you something　　
D. an imitation of the speech of adults
4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered
as speech________________.
A. is important because words have different meanings for different people
B. is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually
C. is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age
D. is one that should be completely ignored（忽略）because children’s use of words is often meaningless
5 The speaker implies________________.
A. parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds
B. children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak
C. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly
D. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating

Stress Level Tied to Education Level
People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.
However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.
Front this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them.
The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma (毕业文凭) reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent to the time.
“Less advantaged people are less healthy on daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health,” lead researcher DR. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating (毁灭性的) for the less advantaged,” Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress in more acute and chronic.
“If something happens every day, maybe it’s no seen as a stressor” Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life”
26．Stress level is closely related to .
A．family size B．social status C．body weight D．work experience
27．The 1,301, adults were interviewed .
A．on a daily basis for 8 days B．during one of eight days
C．all by Grzywacz D．in groups
28．Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days?
A．People without any education. B．People without high school degrees.
C．People with high school degrees. D．People with college degrees.
29．The less advantaged people are, the greater .
A．the impact off stress on their health is
B．the effect off education on their health is
C．the level of their education is
D．the degree of their health concern is
30．Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because .
A．they don’t want to tell the truth
B．they don’t want to face the truth
C．stress is to common a factor in their lives
D．their stress is more acute

A．Mobile phones.	B．Orange juice.
C．Candy.	D．Sandwiches.