【江苏省常州市2015年中考英语试题】阅谈理解(共13小题;-优题课

【江苏省常州市2015年中考英语试题】阅谈理解(共13小题;每小题2分，满分26分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
B
Sometimes, you feel down or unhappy and it is hard to come back to your high spirit. So if you're having a bad day and need a boost，then help is just a click away.
A website is trying to offer people positive(积极的)messages from strangers to cheer them up. It announces to be“the nicest place on the Internet"，where happy people can present their positive thoughts and feelings to those who are in low spirits.
The website, thenicestplaceontheinter.net, lets people post videos of themselves blowing kisses and leaving positive and encouraging messages to lift visitors' spirits.
The website was created by Jeff Lam and is considered to help many people out when they feel low. The well-known artist who lives in San Francisco said he came up with the idea when he and his friend Lauren were having one of those bad days.
"We tried to become cheerful，but none of the usual methods seemed to be working. Not music. Not food. What we hoped was something positive, honest and good.So with only a camera and work-free weekend, we created‘The Nicest Place On The Internet," he explained on his website.
One user of the site, Joseph Meehan, 27, from Birmingham, said,“it's a fun and exciting website. I visit every once in a while when I'm missing my friends or family. I think it could really be a help to people that are feeling down or sad. It may even stop them from doing something stupid. You can also post your video to the website, and they add it to the series. It's very easy to share the love.”
Mr. Lam is now working on a new project that allows people to leave positive voicemails for strangers. The idea is that strangers send an audio(声音)diary by leaving a voicemail and then anyone can listen to it.
The underlined word "boost" in paragraph 1 probably means

A．鼓舞

B．放松

C．休闲

D．提高

The website was created in order to_______

A．provide a place for those who want to post their videos

B．discover something positive, honest and good

C．recommend positive voicemails on the website to people

D．offer something positive to cheer people up

According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Jeff Lam is working on a new project to collect more audio diaries.

B．Jeff Lam met a lot of difficulties during the time of creating the website.

C．Joseph Meehan has got help from the website and supports it.

D．Joseph Meehan has shared his own positive videos with strangers.

科目英语题型阅读理解难度中等

阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Most of us are used to using jet hand dryers (喷射式干手器) in public restrooms. They’re surely very convenient—all we need to do is to hold up our hands for a few seconds until they’re dry. And more importantly, they’re supposed to be hygienic (卫生的).

However, a new study published in the journal Hospital Infection found that jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria (细菌) than paper towels.

In the study, two restrooms in each of three different hospitals in the UK, France and Italy were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use. But on certain days, only either the hand dryer or the paper towel dispenser (自动出纸机) was available to use.

The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.

According to study leader Mark Wilcox, an expert in medical microbiology (微生物学) at Leeds University, UK, air dryers spread harmful bacteria all over the room. This means that if people use these dryers, they’re more likely to pick up bacteria.

At the same time, however, this raises the question of why these bacteria exist in the first place if people are washing their hands after using the restroom.

“The problem starts because some people do not wash their hands properly,” Wilcox told The Telegraph. In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands.

（1）What did the new study find according to the passage?

A．	Using jet hand dryers was very convenient.
B．	Jet hand dryers were supposed to be hygienic.
C．	Jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria than paper towels.
D．	Hospitals were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use.

（2）How can we stop bacteria according to the last paragraph?

A．	By using paper towels.	B．	By only using jet hand dryers.
C．	By not using public restrooms.	D．	By washing our hands properly.

（3）What can we learn from the passage?

A．	Washing hands can protect you from danger.
B．	Modern technology may cause more problems.
C．	It’s common to pick up bacteria in public places.
D．	Scientists will find a way to improve hand dryers.

阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Over 100 years ago, the future leaders of the Communist Party of China (CPC), including Chen Duxiu, founded the first communist organization in Shanghai. At that time, many young people went to the office of La Jeunesse（《新青年》）magazine -the center of the New Culture Movement- to look for advice on how to save the country and the people. Chen, founder of the magazine and leader of the movement, gave them a warm welcome.

In August 1920, Chen asked Yu Xiusong to start the first Socialist Youth League（SYL,社会主义青年团）. Yu became secretary of the league.

To educate more young people, the league built the institute and offered language courses. As well as learning foreign languages，students would also study The Communist Manifesto（《共产党宣言》）, which paved the way for the birth of the CPC. Its translator Chen Wangdao, then also a professor of Fudan University, delivered lectures.

In the 1920s, revolutionary pioneers including Mao Zedong established SYLs in key cities. The first national congress of the Socialist Youth League of China was held in Guangzhou from May 5 to 10 in 1922, marking its official founding. In 1925, the organization changed its name to the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC).

Almost every year in May, hundreds of teenagers gather at Tuanyida Square in Guangzhou. They take an oath（宣誓）to become members of the CYLC. The square, now a site for patriotic （爱国的）education for young people, is where the CYLC was born.

Now, the CYLC national congress takes place every five years. The latest was held in Beijing in 2018. This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CYLC. The CYLC was born during the war and got over a lot of difficulties in the past century.

（1）Who is the founder of La Jeunesse and leader of the New Culture Movement?

Mao Zedong

Yu Xiusong

Chen Wangdao

Chen Duxiu

（2）What does the underlined word “established” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?

发行

认可

查实

建立

（3）What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage?

a. The latest CYLC national congress was held in Beijing.

b. The Socialist Youth League of China changed its name to the CYLC.

c. Chen Duxiu asked Yu Xiusong to start the first Socialist Youth League.

d. The first national congress of the Socialist Youth League of China was held in Guangzhou.

a-d-c-b

a-b-d-c

c-d-b-a

d-b-c-a

（4）What’s the main idea of this passage?

A．	How the Communist Party of China was founded.
B．	How the Communist Youth League of China was founded.
C．	How the Communist Youth League paved the way for the birth of the $C P C$ .
D．	How the students in the Communist Youth League of China learned foreign languages.

阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger? What’s their personality like? Are they brave, strong and determined? If so, then they are a typical “tiger”.

In Chinese culture, tigers are seen as the king of all animals. They stand for power, energy and protection. Tigers are seen as fearless animals, so that’s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples to ward off (抵御) danger and disasters.

Tigers have an important cultural meaning not just in China, but across Asia where they live in the wild. For example, in South Korea, the animal is a symbol of justice, humanity and righteousness in local folk tales. Both the 1986 Seoul Asian Games and the 1988 Seoul Summer Olympics used Hodori, a friendly cartoon tiger, as the mascot. A tiger is also on the logo of the South Korea national soccer team.

In the West, tigers are also seen as powerful animals. And we often use “tiger” in English. If we say someone “works like a tiger”, we mean he or she works hard. If you want someone to calm down, you can say to them “easy, tiger”. Another famous phrase is “eye of the tiger”, which means having strength. There are also some other phrases about tigers, such as “a tiger can’t change its stripes”, “paper tiger” and “have a tiger by the tail”.

（1）What’s a typical “tiger” like according to the passage?

A．	Smart and brave.	B．	Brave and strong.
C．	Strong and outgoing.	D．	Determined and friendly.

（2）Why can people see pictures of tigers on the walls of houses and temples in China?

A．	Because tigers live in the wild in Asia.
B．	Because tigers are used in English phrases.
C．	Because tigers are regarded as fearless animals.
D．	Because tigers are used as the mascots both in the Asian Games and in the Olympics.

（3）If we want someone to calm down, we can use “_________”.

easy, tiger

work like a tiger

eye of the tiger

a tiger can’t change its stripes

（4）What’s the best title of the passage?

A．	Tigers in different cultures	B．	Tigers in different phrases
C．	Tigers—the king of all animals	D．	Tigers—the cultural symbol in China

Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?

Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.

The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.

Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.

If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.

（1）What is the Wukong satellite used for?

A．	Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．	Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．	Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．	Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.

（2）The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.

诗歌

神话

谚语

传记

（3）The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.

A．	Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen	B．	an ancient novel
C．	ancient Chinese myths	D．	Journey to the West

（4）Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously?

A．	We want to land on Mars.	B．	We want to protect the Earth.
C．	We have the hunger for truth.	D．	We have a dream for space.

（5）Which can be the best title for the passage?

A．	What Beautiful Names	B．	What a Cherished Star
C．	What Excellent Poems	D．	What a Long Journey

We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.

The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is ErquanYingyue.

As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).

（1）When did the erhu become a popular instrument?

A．	In the Tang Dynasty.	B．	In the Song Dynasty.
C．	In the Ming Dynasty.	D．	In recent years.

（2）To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.

A．	play the most famous erhu pieces	B．	listen to different kinds of folk music
C．	get help from ancient paintings	D．	read some books about ethnic minorities

（3）Which is TRUE according to the passage?

A．	The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．	Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．	People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．	The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.

（4）You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.

culture

business

health

nature

（5）The passage mainly talks about ________.

A．	the forms of folk music	B．	the history of the erhu
C．	the rise of different dynasties	D．	the development of Chinese instruments